ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Macular anatomic abnormalities in high myopia are more frequent in the presence of posterior staphyloma. The objective was to determine the prevalence of foveoschisis, foveal detachment, vascular traction, epiretinal membrane (ERM), and macular hole (MH) in eyes with high myopia by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prospective, observational study. Eyes with myopia greater than 8 diopters (D) were included. Results were analyzed using chi-square and Student's t tests. RESULTS: The study included 116 eyes of 72 patients. Mean spherical equivalent: -15.04 ± 5.33 D. Mean axial length: 28.88 ± 2.31 mm. Foveoschisis was observed in 17 eyes (14.65%), vascular traction in 17 (14.65%), ERM in 13 (11.2%), lamellar MH in two (1.72%), and posterior staphyloma in 41 (35.34%). Presence of foveoschisis, vascular traction, and ERM was more frequent in eyes with posterior staphyloma (P = .0001). CONCLUSION: Macular anatomic abnormalities were observed in 22.41% of eyes with high myopia and in 53.65% of eyes with posterior staphyloma.
Subject(s)
Epiretinal Membrane/epidemiology , Myopia, Degenerative/epidemiology , Retinal Detachment/epidemiology , Retinal Perforations/epidemiology , Retinoschisis/epidemiology , Adult , Axial Length, Eye/pathology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dilatation, Pathologic , Epiretinal Membrane/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Male , Mexico/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Myopia, Degenerative/diagnosis , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Retinal Detachment/diagnosis , Retinal Perforations/diagnosis , Retinoschisis/diagnosis , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Visual Acuity/physiologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: We undertook this study to demonstrate the incidence of vitreoretinal dystrophies in a Mexican population. METHODS: This was a retrospective, observational, descriptive, transverse study. We analyzed the files of patients treated at the Retina Department of a medical center for state employees (ISSSTE) from January 1991 to December 2006 to obtain the incidence of vitreoretinal dystrophies. RESULTS: We studied 36,300 patient files. We found an incidence of 0.008% for familial exudative vitreoretinal dystrophy, 0.008% for X-linked juvenile retinoschisis, 0.005% for Wagner disease and 0.005% for Goldmann-Favre disease. We present here a representative case of each type of dystrophy. CONCLUSIONS: Vitreoretinal dystrophies are uncommon diseases and are difficult to diagnose. Even though their incidence is low, the poor evolution to blindness requires identification of early signs in order to offer timely and opportune treatment.
Subject(s)
Retinal Degeneration/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Blindness/etiology , Blindness/prevention & control , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological , Disease Progression , Early Diagnosis , Female , Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/diagnosis , Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/epidemiology , Humans , Incidence , Male , Mexico/epidemiology , Retinal Degeneration/diagnosis , Retinal Degeneration/surgery , Retinal Detachment/etiology , Retinal Vessels/pathology , Retinoschisis/diagnosis , Retinoschisis/epidemiology , Retinoschisis/genetics , Retrospective Studies , Vitreous Body/pathologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: We undertook this study to demonstrate the incidence of vitreoretinal dystrophies in a Mexican population. METHODS: This was a retrospective, observational, descriptive, transverse study. We analyzed the files of patients treated at the Retina Department of a medical center for state employees (ISSSTE) from January 1991 to December 2006 to obtain the incidence of vitreoretinal dystrophies. RESULTS: We studied 36,300 patient files. We found an incidence of 0.008% for familial exudative vitreoretinal dystrophy, 0.008% for X-linked juvenile retinoschisis, 0.005% for Wagner disease and 0.005% for Goldmann-Favre disease. We present here a representative case of each type of dystrophy. CONCLUSIONS: Vitreoretinal dystrophies are uncommon diseases and are difficult to diagnose. Even though their incidence is low, the poor evolution to blindness requires identification of early signs in order to offer timely and opportune treatment.