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1.
Toxicol In Vitro ; 82: 105390, 2022 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35595034

ABSTRACT

To replace the Draize eye irritation test (OECD Test Guideline 404), several test methods based on reconstructed cornea-like epithelium (RhCE) have been developed and adopted in the OECD TG 492. The objective of this study was to stablish the experimental procedures and evaluate the performance assessment of QobuR-RhCE, an in-house RhCE model to be used for the evaluation of eye hazard. We define the essential structural, functional and procedural elements of the test method components to help assuring that the proposed test method is based on the same concepts as the validated reference methods. Performance assessment was evaluated in accordance with the revised performance standards for the assessment of proposed similar or modified in vitro reconstructed human cornea-like epithelium and the minimum list of reference chemicals was evaluated. As result, the proposed method scored 93.3% sensibility, 60% specificity, 76.7% accuracy and 96.7% within-laboratory reproducibility (WLR), providing a similar performance in comparison to the validated reference methods. Additionally, we describe a secondary endpoint based on Transepithelial Electrical Resistance (TEER) that could be of use to better discriminate between irritants and non-irritants. Taken together the results indicate that the QobuR-RhCE test method is an accurate screening tool that can be used as a standalone alternative to evaluate ocular irritation.


Subject(s)
Animal Testing Alternatives , Epithelium, Corneal , Animal Testing Alternatives/methods , Animals , Cornea , Humans , Irritants/toxicity , Reproducibility of Results , Rh-Hr Blood-Group System/pharmacology
2.
Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) ; 38(8): 531-6, 2006 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16894474

ABSTRACT

Using a phage library, seven peptide sequences with high affinity to human microplasminogen were obtained. Caseinolytic assay indicated that only the synthesized peptide P07 had slight fibrinolytic activity. To enhance its plasminogen activation ability, peptide P07 was fused into loop 32-35 of hirudin. In vitro assay demonstrated that this hirudin-like fusion protein can activate human plasminogen and retain the function of thrombin inhibition. Fusing the sequence ''SPDASRL'' into hirudin generated a plasminogen activation activity 100 times higher than peptide P07 in chromogenic and radial caseinolytic assay. This significant functional improvement might originate from a more specific active structure due to the hirudin scaffold.


Subject(s)
Plasminogen Activators/chemistry , Plasminogen Activators/pharmacology , Rh-Hr Blood-Group System/chemistry , Rh-Hr Blood-Group System/pharmacology , Amino Acid Sequence , Caseins/metabolism , Drug Design , Hirudins/chemistry , Humans , Molecular Sequence Data , Peptide Library , Peptides/chemistry , Sequence Alignment , Thrombin/antagonists & inhibitors
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