ABSTRACT
We investigated serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and associated parkinsonic (SEPS) and dyskinetic (AIMS) movements in 32 hospital admitted acute catatonic patients. Thirty-two (N = 24 without neuroleptics on admission) catatonic patients were compared with 32 non-catatonic dyskinetic psychiatric patients, 32 non-catatonic non-dyskinetic psychiatric patients and 32 healthy controls. CPK was significantly higher (P = 0.015) in catatonics (mean 255.75, S.D. +/- 226.54) than in healthy controls (38.6, +/- 27.4) and non-catatonic non-dyskinetic psychiatric patients (57.1, +/- 120.8) whereas there was no significant difference between catatonics and non-catatonic dyskinetic psychiatric patients (453.4, +/- 128.5). There were significantly positive correlations between CPK and AIMS, as well as significantly negative correlations between CPK and SEPS, in all three groups. Our results suggest that increased serum CPK in catatonia may be related to occurrence of dyskinetic movements. Furthermore, we were able to distinguish a parkinsonic (low CPK, low AIMS, high SEPS) and a dyskinetic (high CPK, high AIMS, low SEPS) subtype in catatonia.
Subject(s)
Catatonia/enzymology , Creatine Kinase/blood , Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/enzymology , Parkinson Disease, Secondary/enzymology , Acute Disease , Adult , Antipsychotic Agents/administration & dosage , Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects , Catatonia/diagnosis , Catatonia/psychology , Combined Modality Therapy , Diagnosis, Differential , Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/diagnosis , Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/psychology , Electroconvulsive Therapy , Female , Haloperidol/administration & dosage , Haloperidol/adverse effects , Humans , Hypnotics and Sedatives/administration & dosage , Hypnotics and Sedatives/adverse effects , Lorazepam/administration & dosage , Lorazepam/adverse effects , Male , Middle Aged , Neurologic Examination , Parkinson Disease, Secondary/chemically induced , Parkinson Disease, Secondary/diagnosis , Parkinson Disease, Secondary/psychology , Reference Values , Schizophrenia, Catatonic/diagnosis , Schizophrenia, Catatonic/enzymology , Schizophrenia, Catatonic/psychologySubject(s)
Creatine Kinase/blood , Schizophrenia, Catatonic/enzymology , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome/diagnosis , Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome/enzymology , Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome/psychology , Schizophrenia, Catatonic/diagnosis , Schizophrenia, Catatonic/psychologyABSTRACT
In a controlled study the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) in red and white blood cells, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) and lysozyme in serum and white blood cells was studied in 22 drug-free schizophrenic patients and 17 healthy volunteers. The activities of the above enzymes were found to be reduced in the white cells of schizophrenics compared with controls. The differences in activity of G-6-PD in red cells and of gamma-GT and lysozyme in serum between the two groups were not revealed as significant. The observed low enzyme activities might provide a further basis for interpreting the reported functional deficiency in neutrophils of schizophrenics. Possible mechanisms in relation to biological abnormalities in schizophrenia are discussed.
Subject(s)
Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase/blood , Leukocytes/enzymology , Muramidase/blood , Schizophrenia/enzymology , gamma-Glutamyltransferase/blood , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Psychotic Disorders/enzymology , Schizophrenia/blood , Schizophrenia, Catatonic/enzymology , Schizophrenia, Disorganized/enzymology , Schizophrenia, Paranoid/enzymologyABSTRACT
Creatinphosphokinase (CPK) was determined in 141 patients with manic-depressive and schizophrenic psychoses. In general endogenic psychoses of the manic and depressive type as well as chronic schizophrenias show normal CPK values. In acute cases of paranoid-halluzinatory schizophrenias normal values are predominant. In catatonic schizophrenias, as a rule, clearly increased enzyme activities are found. Thise increased values suggest a postulated somatic disease as a cause of the psychosis. Thus, the determination of CPK provides a useful aid in the diagnosis and control of the course of catatonic schizophrenic.
