Linking gender, climate change and security in the Pacific Islands Region: A systematic review.

This systematic review aims to address gaps in understanding how concepts of gender, climate change and security are given meaning and linked in empirical scholarship within the Pacific Islands Region. The review assesses the 53 articles returned through Web of Science, SCOPUS and ProQuest databases that are derived from empirical research and refer to gender, climate change and security. The findings indicate that this is an emerging topic in a region that is one of the most vulnerable to climate change across the globe. Most frequently gender analysis is given superficial treatment; there is limited literature that connects gendered vulnerabilities to historical legacies and structural inequalities; and women's critical roles that create security are often overlooked and devalued. The review indicates that greater work is needed to question perceived threats to security and to reveal how climate change, gendered institutions, systems and spaces, historical legacies and politics interact to construct security in the Pacific Islands Region.

Perfil de egressos de um programa de pós-graduação em distúrbios da comunicação / Profile of alumni from a post-graduation program in communication disorders / Perfil de egresados de un programa de posgrado en trastornos de la comunicación

Introdução: A avaliação de alunos egressos pela CAPES é parte de um dos eixos de avaliação dos programas de pós-graduação. Investigar a formação e atuação dos egressos de um Programa de Pós-Graduação em Distúrbios da Comunicação e desenvolver uma forma contínua de acompanhá-los poderá contribuir para uma melhor avaliação dos Programas. Objetivos: investigar o perfil do egresso de um programa de pós-graduação em distúrbios da comunicação e analisar a associação entre as áreas de formação, atuação e publicações. Método: estudo prospectivo realizado a partir das respostas do questionário eletrônico enviado por e-mail aos alunos egressos que concluíram o Mestrado, Doutorado e/ou Pós-Doutorado, no período de 2009 a 2018, no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Distúrbios da Comunicação Humana da UNIFESP. Resultados: a maioria dos egressos é do sexo feminino (97,3%) e predominam os egressos de origem do Estado de São Paulo (72%). 87,3% publicaram pelo menos 1 artigo em revista científica. 45,4% atuam na área de ensino, e, considerando os egressos do doutorado e do pós-doutorado, a maioria atua nas áreas de ensino (70,3% e 80%) e 85,4% atuam na área clínica. Conclusão: Os egressos são em sua maioria mulheres, oriundas do estado de São Paulo e publicaram artigos em revistas científicas e atuam profissionalmente na clínica. Quanto aos titulados doutores e que realizaram pós-doutorado, a maioria está inserida na área de ensino e pesquisa.

Introduction: The evaluation of alumni by CAPES is part of one of the evaluation axes of post-graduate programs. Investigate the field of study and work of alumni of a Post-Graduation Program in Communication Disorders and developing a continuous way of accompanying them may contribute to a better evaluation of them. Objectives: investigate the profile of the alumni of a Post-Graduation Program in Communication Disorders and analyze the association between field of study, work and publications. Method: This is a prospective study based on the answers to an electronically sent questionnaire by individuals who had concluded their Master's, Doctorate and/or Post-Doctorate in Human Communication Disorders at UNIFESP Post-Graduation Program in the 2009-2018 period. Results: Most of the former students were women (97,3%) and most (72%) were from the State of São Paulo. 87,3% published at least one article in scientific journals. 45,4% teach and regarding those who concluded their doctorate and post-doctorate, most teach (70,3% and 80%) and 85,4% work as clinicians. Conclusion: The alumni most are young female adults from São Paulo state. Most had published articles in scientific journals. The alumni work as clinicians and most of the Doctorate and Post-Doctorate teach and do research.

Introducción: La evaluación de egresados por CAPES forma parte de uno de los ejes de evaluación de los programas de posgrado. Investigar el campo de estudio y trabajo de los egresados de un Programa de Posgrado en Transtornos de la Comunicación y desarrollar una forma continua de acompañarlos puede contribuir a una mejor evaluación de los mismos. Objetivos: Investigar el perfil de los egresados de un Programa de Posgrado en Transtornos de la Comunicación y analizar la asociación entre campo de estudio, trabajo y publicaciones. Método: Se trata de un estudio prospectivo basado en las respuestas a un cuestionario enviado electrónicamente por personas que habían finalizado su Maestría, Doctorado y / o Postdoctorado en Trastornos de la Comunicación Humana en el Programa de Posgrado de la UNIFESP en el período 2009-2018. Resultados: La mayoría de los egresados eran mujeres (97,3%) y la mayoría (72%) eran del Estado de São Paulo. El 87,3% publicó al menos un artículo en revistas científicas. El 45,4% enseña y de los que concluyeron su doctorado y posdoctorado, la mayoría enseña (70,3% y 80%) y el 85,4% trabaja como clínicos. Conclusión: La mayoría de los egresados son mujeres jóvenes del estado de São Paulo. La mayoría había publicado artículos en revistas científicas. Los egresados trabajan como clínicos y la mayoría de los doctores y posdoctorados enseñan e investigan.

Article-level classification of scientific publications: A comparison of deep learning, direct citation and bibliographic coupling.

Classification schemes for scientific activity and publications underpin a large swath of research evaluation practices at the organizational, governmental, and national levels. Several research classifications are currently in use, and they require continuous work as new classification techniques becomes available and as new research topics emerge. Convolutional neural networks, a subset of "deep learning" approaches, have recently offered novel and highly performant methods for classifying voluminous corpora of text. This article benchmarks a deep learning classification technique on more than 40 million scientific articles and on tens of thousands of scholarly journals. The comparison is performed against bibliographic coupling-, direct citation-, and manual-based classifications-the established and most widely used approaches in the field of bibliometrics, and by extension, in many science and innovation policy activities such as grant competition management. The results reveal that the performance of this first iteration of a deep learning approach is equivalent to the graph-based bibliometric approaches. All methods presented are also on par with manual classification. Somewhat surprisingly, no machine learning approaches were found to clearly outperform the simple label propagation approach that is direct citation. In conclusion, deep learning is promising because it performed just as well as the other approaches but has more flexibility to be further improved. For example, a deep neural network incorporating information from the citation network is likely to hold the key to an even better classification algorithm.

Scholarly Research Productivity among Otolaryngology Residency Graduates and its Relationship to Future Academic Achievement.

OBJECTIVE: Scholastic activity through research involvement is a fundamental aspect of a physician's training and may have a significant influence on future academic success. Here, we explore publication rates before, during, and after otolaryngology residency training and whether publication efforts correlate with future academic achievement. METHODS: This cross-sectional analysis included a random sample of 50 otolaryngology residency programs. From these programs, we assembled a list of residents graduating from the years in 2013, 2014, and 2015. Using SCOPUS, PubMed, and Google Scholar, we compiled the publications for each graduate, and data were extracted in an independent, double-blinded fashion. RESULTS: We included 32 otolaryngology residency programs representing 249 residents in this analysis. Graduates published a mean of 1.3 (SD = 2.7) articles before residency, 3.5 (SD = 4.3) during residency, and 5.3 (SD = 9.3) after residency. Residents who pursued a fellowship had more total publications (t247 = -6.1, P < .001) and more first author publications (t247 = -5.4, P < .001) than residents without fellowship training. Graduates who chose a career in academic medicine had a higher number of mean total publications (t247 = -8.2, P < .001) and first author publications (t247 = -7.9, P < .001) than those who were not in academic medicine. There was a high positive correlation between residency program size and publications during residency (r = 0.76). CONCLUSION: Research productivity correlated with a number of characteristics such as future fellowship training, the pursuit of an academic career, and overall h-index in this study.

Producción científica de docentes de medicina y enfermería en Google Académico / No disponible

No disponible

Análisis multinivel de la producción científica mundial sobre paternidad, desarrollo humano e igualdad de género / Multilevel analysis of global scientific production on parenthood, human development and gender equality

OBJETIVO: Comparar las diferencias en la producción científica mundial sobre paternidad y maternidad (cantidad, momento de inicio y evolución temporal), conocer la distribución geográfica internacional de artículos sobre paternidad, y examinar la relación del índice de desarrollo humano (IDH) y del índice global de brecha de género (IGBG) con el número de artículos sobre paternidad. MÉTODO: Análisis descriptivo de artículos sobre paternidad y maternidad de la base Scopus desde 1788 hasta 2016, y análisis longitudinal de 2006 a 2015 de la relación entre la producción científica sobre paternidad, el IDH y el IGBG, mediante un modelo multinivel con distribución de Poisson y parámetro extra-Poisson. RESULTADOS: Hay cuatro veces menos artículos sobre paternidad que sobre maternidad. Los artículos sobre paternidad se desarrollaron de forma más tardía, y la mayoría (85%) se publicaron en las dos últimas décadas, cuando se incrementaron en mayor proporción que los de maternidad. Se constatan desigualdades geográficas, con América del Norte, Europa y Oceanía a la cabeza. Hay una relación estadísticamente significativa entre el incremento del IDH y el IGBG de los países del mundo y el aumento de los artículos sobre paternidad. CONCLUSIONES: El conocimiento en torno a la paternidad y la maternidad es desigual. Resulta imprescindible desarrollar un conocimiento no parcelado, no dividido y no reduccionista en el ámbito reproductivo. Es necesario visibilizar a los hombres como padres en la esfera científica, romper estereotipos de género e incorporar la corresponsabilidad en la crianza en las políticas y en las prácticas sociales como una cuestión de derecho fundamental

OBJECTIVE: To compare worldwide differences in scientific production on fatherhood and motherhood (quantity, start time and evolution over time), to determine the international geographic distribution of articles on fatherhood, and, to examine the relationship between the human development index (HDI), the global gender gap index (GGGI), and the number of articles on fatherhood. METHOD: Descriptive analysis of articles on fatherhood and motherhood from the Scopus database 1788-2016, and longitudinal analysis 2006-2015 of the relationship between scientific production on fatherhood, the HDI and the GGGI, by means of a multilevel model with Poisson distribution and extra-Poisson parameter. RESULTS: We observed four times fewer articles on fatherhood than on motherhood. Articles on fatherhood were developed later than those on motherhood, and most (85%) were published in the last two decades, when they increased more than articles on motherhood. We identified geographical inequalities, with North America, Europe and Oceania leading the way. There is a statistically significant relationship between the increase in the HDI and the GGGI in world countries, and the increase in the articles on fatherhood. CONCLUSIONS: Socially built knowledge around fatherhood and motherhood is unequal. It is essential to develop non-parcelled, undivided and non- reductionist knowledge in the reproductive field. It is necessary to make men visible as fathers in the scientific sphere, to break gender stereotypes, and to incorporate childrearing co-responsibility in social policies and practices as a matter of right

Research during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: To "Preprint" or not to "Preprint", that is the question / Investigación durante la pandemia de SARS-CoV-2: "Preprint" o no "Preprint", esa es la cuestión

No disponible

A network analysis of research productivity by country, discipline, and wealth.

INTRODUCTION: Research productivity has been linked to a country's intellectual and economic wealth. Further analysis is needed to assess the association between the distribution of research across disciplines and the economic status of countries. METHODS: By using 55 years of data, spanning 1962 to 2017, of Elsevier publications across a large set of research disciplines and countries globally, this manuscript explores the relationship and evolution of relative research productivity across different disciplines through a network analysis. It also explores the associations of those with economic productivity categories, as measured by the World Bank economic classification. Additional analysis of discipline similarities is possible by exploring the cross-country evolution of those disciplines. RESULTS: Results show similarities in the relative importance of research disciplines among most high-income countries, with larger idiosyncrasies appearing among the remaining countries. This group of high-income countries shows similarities in the dynamics of the relative distribution of research productivity over time, forming a stable research productivity cluster. Lower income countries form smaller, more independent and evolving clusters, and differ significantly from each other and from higher income countries in the relative importance of their research emphases. Country-based similarities in research productivity profiles also appear to be influenced by geographical proximity. CONCLUSIONS: This new form of analyses of research productivity, and its relation to economic status, reveals novel insights to the dynamics of the economic and research structure of countries. This allows for a deeper understanding of the role a country's research structure may play in shaping its economy, and also identification of benchmark resource allocations across disciplines for developing countries.

An Exploratory Study of the Research on Caregiver Depression: Using Bibliometrics and LDA Topic Modeling.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to provide readers with a comprehensive overview of scholarly work on the depression of caregivers using bibliometrics and text mining. Methods: A total of 426 articles published between 2000 and 2018 were retrieved from the Clarivate Analytics Web of Science, and then, computer-aided bibliometric analysis as well as Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modeling were conducted on the collection of the data. Results: Descriptive statistics on the increasing number of publications, network analysis of scientific collaboration between countries, word co-occurrence analysis, conceptual structure, and six latent topics (k = 6) identified are discussed. Conclusions: Preventing or managing depression among caregivers is a growing field with the highest priority for the aging population. In the future, collaborating between countries and reflecting cultural backgrounds in caregiver depression research are needed. This study is expected to contribute to the field of psychological distress of caregivers in looking a big picture of the current position through data-driven analysis and moving forward towards a better direction.

La Revista de Medicina y Cine como facilitador de publicaciones científicas de los estudiantes / The Journal of Medicine and Movies as a facilitator of students' scientific publications

La Revista de Medicina y Cine siempre estuvo abierta a publicar artículos de alumnos tanto de ciencias de la salud como de otras titulaciones. Una de las pretensiones de la revista fue el estimular la participación de los estudiantes como autores de sus publicaciones. El objetivo del presente artículo consiste en describir la participación de estudiantes en la revista informando del número de artículos publicados, del número de autores, del tipo de trabajo realizado, de las universidades de procedencia, de las películas comentadas y de los temas tratados. Se revisaron todos los artículos publicados desde el año 2005, inicio de la revista, hasta el año 2019. Se registraron 42 artículos con participación de estudiantes (16,9 % del total) con 60 autores procedentes de 12 universidades distintas y de 10 titulaciones diferentes, seis de ellas de ciencias de la salud. Se concluye que la Revista de Medicina y Cine, además de ser un medio para fomentar el aprendizaje en estudios de ciencias de la salud, puede facilitar a los estudiantes el desarrollo de la competencia genérica de elaborar artículos científicos

The Journal of Medicine and Movies was always open to publish articles by students of health sciences and other degrees. Encouraging the participation of students was always one of the pretensions of the journal. The objective of this article is to describe the participation of students in the journal informing of the number of articles published, the number of authors, the type of work carried out, the universities of origin, the commented films and the topics discussed. All articles published since 2005, at the beginning of the magazine, until 2019 were reviewed.42 articles were registered with the participation of students (16,9 % of total) with 60 authors from 12 different universities and 10 different degrees, six of them from health sciences. It is concluded that the Journal of Medicine and Movies, in addition to being a means to promote learning in health science studies, can facilitate to the students the development of the generic competence to produce scientific articles

From presentation to paper: Gender disparities in oncological research.

Gender disparities in scientific publications have been identified in oncological research. Oral research presentations at major conferences enhance visibility of presenters. The share of women presenting at such podia is unknown. We aim to identify gender-based differences in contributions to presentations at two major oncological conferences. Abstracts presented at plenary sessions of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meetings and European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congresses were collected. Trend analyses were used to analyze female contribution over time. The association between presenter's sex, study outcome (positive/negative) and journals' impact factors (IFs) of subsequently published papers was assessed using Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests. Of 166 consecutive abstracts presented at ASCO in 2011-2018 (n = 34) and ESMO in 2008-2018 (n = 132), 21% had female presenters, all originating from Northern America (n = 17) or Europe (n = 18). The distribution of presenter's sex was similar over time (p = 0.70). Of 2,425 contributing authors to these presented abstracts, 28% were women. The proportion of female abstract authors increased over time (p < 0.05) and was higher in abstracts with female (34%) compared to male presenters (26%; p < 0.01). Presenter's sex was not associated with study outcome (p = 0.82). Median journals' IFs were lower in papers with a female first author (p < 0.05). In conclusion, there is a clear gender disparity in research presentations at two major oncological conferences, with 28% of authors and 21% of presenters of these studies being female. Lack of visibility of female presenters could impair acknowledgement for their research, opportunities in their academic career and even hamper heterogeneity in research.

The GRE over the entire range of scores lacks predictive ability for PhD outcomes in the biomedical sciences.

The association between GRE scores and academic success in graduate programs is currently of national interest. GRE scores are often assumed to be predictive of student success in graduate school. However, we found no such association in admission data from Vanderbilt's Initiative for Maximizing Student Diversity (IMSD), which recruited historically underrepresented students for graduate study in the biomedical sciences at Vanderbilt University spanning a wide range of GRE scores. This study avoids the typical biases of most GRE investigations of performance where primarily high-achievers on the GRE were admitted. GRE scores, while collected at admission, were not used or consulted for admission decisions and comprise the full range of percentiles, from 1% to 91%. We report on the 32 students recruited to the Vanderbilt IMSD from 2007-2011, of which 28 completed the PhD to date. While the data set is not large, the predictive trends between GRE and long-term graduate outcomes (publications, first author publications, time to degree, predoctoral fellowship awards, and faculty evaluations) are remarkably null and there is sufficient precision to rule out even mild relationships between GRE and these outcomes. Career outcomes are encouraging; many students are in postdocs, and the rest are in regular stage-appropriate career environments for such a cohort, including tenure track faculty, biotech and entrepreneurship careers.

Identifying diffusion patterns of research articles on Twitter: A case study of online engagement with open access articles.

The growing presence of research shared on social media, coupled with the increase in freely available research, invites us to ask whether scientific articles shared on platforms like Twitter diffuse beyond the academic community. We explore a new method for answering this question by identifying 11 articles from two open access biology journals that were shared on Twitter at least 50 times and by analyzing the follower network of users who tweeted each article. We find that diffusion patterns of scientific articles can take very different forms, even when the number of times they are tweeted is similar. Our small case study suggests that most articles are shared within single-connected communities with limited diffusion to the public. The proposed approach and indicators can serve those interested in the public understanding of science, science communication, or research evaluation to identify when research diffuses beyond insular communities.

HCPA 48 anos: destaque na produção científica / 48 years of HCPA: prominence in academic research

Este artigo ilustra o desenvolvimento das atividades de pesquisa ao longo dos 48 anos do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA). Fundado em 1971, o HCPA começa a atuar em pesquisa em 1974, data dos primeiros artigos indexados nas bases internacionais. O estudo abrange um período de 44 anos, de 1974 a 2018, para o qual foram levantados os artigos científicos publicados em periódicos indexados na base Web of Science por pesquisadores do próprio hospital, da Faculdade de Medicina e de outras unidades da UFRGS associados aos projetos de pesquisa do HCPA. O artigo resulta de um estudo cientométrico, sendo para tanto realizadas análises de indicadores bibliográficos, como produção total de artigos científicos experimentais, artigos de revisão e artigos completos em eventos (proceedings papers). Para facilidade de informação, os termos utilizados pelas bases foram mantidos em inglês ao longo do texto e nas tabelas e figuras. Um total de 6.383 documentos desses três tipos de artigos foi publicado no período. Mostra-se também a evolução temporal dessa produção. Foram ainda levantadas as principais áreas de pesquisa, as palavraschave dos artigos, as revistas, a colaboração internacional e menção aos trabalhos mais citados. Ao longo do estudo foi possível verificar que alguns pesquisadores, autores de trabalhos significativos, não indicam nos artigos sua vinculação ao HCPA e recomenda-se uma orientação do GPPG sobre o assunto. (AU)

This article illustrates the development of research activities over the 48 years of the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA). Founded in 1971, the HCPA begins its research activities in 1974, date of the first articles published in indexed journals. The study covers a period of 44 years, from 1974 to 2018 for which the scientific articles in journals indexed in the Web of Science database, published by researchers of the hospital including the Faculty of Medicine and other UFRGS units associated with the research projects of the HCPA were considered for this study. The article results from a scientometric study, and for this purpose analyzes of bibliographic indicators were carried out, covering: total production of experimental scientific articles, review articles and complete papers published in the proceedings of scientific events. For ease of information, the terms used by the bases were maintained in English throughout the text and in the tables and figures. A total of 6,383 documents of these three types of articles were published in the period. The temporal evolution of this production is also shown. The main research areas, the keywords of the articles, the journals, the international collaboration and the most cited papers were also raised. It was identified at the end that several authors though working in the hospital, do not indicate in the articles their linkage to the HCPA and thus, it is recommended to GPPG to develop some orientation to the researchers concerning to this subject. (AU)

Scientific communication strategies of microbiologists in the era of social media.

Over the last decades, the world of communication underwent drastic changes, and internet and social media emerged as essential vehicles for exchanging information. Following these trends, it is important that scientists adapt to changes and adopt optimal strategies to communicate with colleagues, lay people and institutions. We conducted an online survey to investigate the communication strategies of microbiologists and their colleagues from other disciplines. We collected data from 527 scholars from 57 countries, with ∼42% of them being microbiologists. We focused particularly on social media and found that >80% of participants used them for work, and that ∼50% of interviewed actively shared and gathered scientific contents from social media. Compared to colleagues from other fields, microbiologists were less averse to use social media for work and were also less accustomed to use pre-prints as a source and vehicle of information. However, a large proportion of microbiologists declared to have planned pre-print publications in the future. Surprisingly, our data revealed that age is a poor predictor of social media usage, but it is strongly associated with the type of social media used, the activity undertaken on them and the attitude towards pre-print publications. Considering the kaleidoscopic variety of scientific communication tools, our data might help to optimize the scientific promotion strategies among microbiologists.