ABSTRACT
Introducción: el análisis de la situación de salud es un elemento básico para la planificación estratégica a nivel local, en tanto permite entender las causas y las consecuencias de los problemas de salud. Objetivo: determinar el estado de salud de los trabajadores y los niños del Círculo Infantil Mis primeros años, y abordar los principales problemas encontrados con la participación intersectorial, se realizó este análisis.Materiales y métodos: se ejecutó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, en un círculo infantil del municipio Unión de Reyes, en el curso escolar 2013-2014. El universo estuvo constituido por la totalidad de los trabajadores (34) y niños (62). Se contó con el consentimiento informado de los involucrados. Se trabajó con el sexo, la edad, los factores de riesgo y la dispensarización. Se utilizaron entrevistas estructuradas, el Método de Trillaje, Ranqueo y la matriz DAFO; en el análisis estadístico, frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Presentando los resultados en tablas y gráficos.Resultados: los trabajadores y los niños se encontraron dispensarizados (100 por ciento), predominó el grupo II (64,8 por ciento en los trabajadores y 82,2 por ciento en los niños). Prevaleció la hipertensión arterial entre los trabajadores (35,2 por ciento), las infecciones respiratorias (66 por ciento) y gastrointestinales en los niños (23 por ciento). Los principales problemas identificados estuvieron relacionados con las malas condiciones estructurales del centro. Conclusiones: con la ejecución y cumplimiento de un programa de intervención que implique la participación de todos los sectores se logra mejorar el estado de salud de los trabajadores y los niños del centro(AU)
Background: the analysis of the situation of health is a basic element for the strategic planning at local level, as long as he/she allows to understand the causes and the consequences of the problems of health. Aim: determining the state of the workers' health and the children of the Infantile Circle My first years, and to approach the main opposing problems with the intersector participation, he/she was carried out this analysis. Materials and methods: an observational, descriptive study was executed, in an infantile circle of the municipality Union of Reyes, in the school course 2013-2014. The universe was constituted by the entirety of the workers (34) and children (62). He/she had the informed consent of those involved. One worked with the sex, the age, the factors of risk and the dispensarización. Structured interviews, the Method of Trillaje, Ranqueo and the main DAFO were used; in the statistical analysis, absolute and relative frequencies. Presenting the results in charts and graphics. Results: the workers and the children were dispensarizados (100 percent), the group prevailed II (64,8 percent in the workers and 82,2 percent in the children). the arterial hypertension Prevailed among the workers (35,2 percent), the breathing infections (66 percent) and gastrointestinal in the children (23 percent). The main identified problems were related with the bad structural conditions of the center. Conclusions: with the execution and execution of an intervention program that it implies the participation of all the sectors it is possible to improve the state of the workers' health and the children of the center(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Health Status , Surveillance of the Workers Health , Occupational Health Services , Schools, Nursery/standards , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Observational Studies as TopicABSTRACT
We assessed impacts on classroom quality and on 5 child language and behavioral outcomes of a 2-year teacher professional-development program for publicly funded prekindergarten and kindergarten in Chile. This cluster-randomized trial included 64 schools (child N = 1,876). The program incorporated workshops and in-classroom coaching. We found moderate to large positive impacts on observed emotional and instructional support as well as classroom organization in prekindergarten classrooms after 1 year of the program. After 2 years of the program, moderate positive impacts were observed on emotional support and classroom organization. No significant program impacts on child outcomes were detected at posttest (1 marginal effect, an increase in a composite of self-regulation and low problem behaviors, was observed). Professional development for preschool teachers in Chile can improve classroom quality. More intensive curricular approaches are needed for these improvements to translate into effects on children.
Subject(s)
Education, Continuing , Faculty , Schools, Nursery/standards , Teaching/methods , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Chile , Education/standards , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Program Development , Program Evaluation , Quality Improvement , Teaching/standardsSubject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Quality Assurance, Health Care/standards , Quality Assurance, Health Care/trends , Schools, Nursery/standards , Orphanages/trends , Schools, Nursery/classification , Comprehensive Health Care , Disease Prevention , Medical CareABSTRACT
Se presentan las bases institucionales del programa JUNJI y se describen los cambios en los aspectos alimentarios y nutricionales más importantes implementados desde su inicio en 1970 hasta el presente. Se presenta la evolución del estado nutricional de la población atendida, evaluando la posible relación con los cambios programáticos. La subnutrición y el déficit de talla han prácticamente desaparecido como problema de salud pública en estos 30 años, sin embargo la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad ha aumentado en forma significativa en los últimos 10 años, estabilizándose a partir del 2000. Los logros alcanzados en los últimos años son el resultado de los cambios en las normativas definidas por JUNJI con respecto al aporte nutricional y patrón dietario ofrecido a los preescolares, el fomento la actividad física, la educación alimentaria dirigida a los niños y sus familias; todo esto apoya vidas más activas y alimentación más saludable. Se proponen orientaciones y recomendaciones programáticas hacia el futuro, con el fin de adecuar el programa JUNJI a los cambios epidemiológicos y nutricionales observados en el país.
The institutional development of the JUNJI programs is presented; changes in the dietary and nutritional guidelines implemented from 1970 to the present are described. The evolution of nutritional status of beneficiaries is presented and the relationship to program changes is explored. Undernutrition and stunting have practically disappeared as public health problems in the past 30 years. However the prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased significantly in the past 10 years, reaching stability after 2000. The achievements over the past years are the result of changes in the technical norms defined by JUNJI with respect to nutrition and dietary pattern guidelines offered to preschool children, the promotion of physical activity, nutrition education directed at children and families; all of which support active lives and healthier feeding patterns. We propose program orientations and recommendations for the future in order to adjust the JUNJI program to the present epidemiologic profile and nutritional problems of the country.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Schools, Nursery/standards , Nutrition Programs , Chile , Malnutrition/prevention & control , Feeding Behavior , Nutrition Rehabilitation , Obesity/prevention & control , Whole FoodsSubject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Infant , Child, Preschool , Communicable Disease Control/standards , Schools, Nursery/standards , Chickenpox/prevention & control , Communicable Diseases/epidemiology , Diarrhea, Infantile/prevention & control , Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control , Haemophilus Infections/prevention & control , Hepatitis A/prevention & control , Meningococcal Infections/prevention & control , Parvoviridae Infections/prevention & control , Pregnancy Complications/prevention & control , Respiratory Tract Diseases/prevention & control , Measles/prevention & control , Rubella Syndrome, Congenital/prevention & control , Virus Diseases/prevention & controlABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the differences between indoor and outdoor ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels at a school located in southwest Mexico City. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Indoor and outdoor O3 and NO2 levels were measured daily between January and April 1990 by manual monitoring. RESULTS: Indoor and outdoor concentrations of nitrogen dioxide did not surpass the Mexican standard (0.21 ppm). The correlation coefficient between maximum NO2 concentrations measured by the city's local monitoring station and those measured outside the classroom was 0.82 (p < 0.001). Regarding ozone, its maximum outdoor concentration was 0.29 ppm and indoor concentrations were on average below 0.06 ppm (maximum = 0.17 ppm). The indoor/outdoor correlation coefficient was 0.72, and for every 1.7 ppm outside, there was 1.0 ppm inside (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Since the highest outdoors O3 concentrations were observed between 11:00 and 14:00 hrs, it is recommendable to have recess before this time.
Subject(s)
Air Pollutants/analysis , Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis , Schools, Nursery/standards , Mexico , Nitric Oxide/analysis , Ozone/analysisABSTRACT
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo el determinar la prevalencia de parasitosis intestinal en las guarderias de la ciudad de Cochabamba. Entre los resultados mas importantes se tiene que el 57// de los ninos estudiados tienen alguna enteroparasitosis, de este grupo, el 31// lleva Giardia Lamblia, 10// Entamoeba histolitica y 2// Ascaris lumbricoides. La mayor parte de los estudiados presentaron multiparasitos.