Sobre la relevancia penal de la actividad de las asociaciones cannábicas / On the criminal law relevance of the activity of cannabis associations

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"I Must Be Silent Because of Residency": Barriers to Escaping Domestic Violence in the Context of Insecure Immigration Status in England and Sweden.

This article draws on qualitative research examining domestic violence against women with insecure immigration status in England and Sweden. Empirical data were collected through in-depth semistructured interviews with 31 survivors from 14 non-European Union (EU) countries, and 57 professional stakeholders including 19 support service providers. This article reveals a multilayered process of actualizing women's right to live free from violence, with survivors required to be formally eligible for services according to their immigration status, having to prove their eligibility, overcome informal barriers including the fear of deportation, and gain access to accurate information about their rights and services.

Alcoholismo y ayuda mutua. De la necesidad a la evidencia / Alcoholism and mutual help. From necessity to evidence

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Implementación y adaptación en Colombia del sistema preventivo Communities That Care / Implementation and adaptation in Colombia of the Communities That Care

La Corporación Nuevos Rumbos (Colombia) viene implementando hace más de dos años en ocho comunidades de Colombia, el sistema preventivo Comunidades Que se Cuidan (CQC), adaptación de Communities That Care (CTC), creado en la Universidad de Washington en Seattle, que ha sido desarrollado por más de 25 años en los Estados Unidos y en ocho países de América, Oceanía y Europa. El sistema busca que, a través del empoderamiento comunitario y empleando el enfoque de la Salud Pública y en la estrategia de desarrollo social, las comunidades tomen las mejores decisiones basadas en los datos de prevalencias de consumo y en la identificación de los factores protectores y de riesgo (basada en la utilización de la encuesta original validada en Colombia) y puedan escoger las estrategias de intervención probadas que más se ajusten a sus necesidades. Este documento describe el proceso de implementación en Colombia, sus diferencias con CTC, la creación de puntos de corte propios para el país, las principales limitaciones en el proceso de adaptación y cómo se abordaron. CQC aparece como un sistema preventivo que puede tener amplia aplicabilidad en otros países de América Latin

For more than two years, Corporación Nuevos Rumbos (Colombia) has been carrying out, in eight Colombian communities, a preventive system called Comunidades Que se Cuidan (CQC), an adaptation of Communities That Care (CTC), created at the University of Washington (Seattle), developed for more than 25 years in the United States of America and implemented in eight countries of America, Oceania, and Europe. The system is based on the public health approach, and the social development strategy for community empowerment. The core idea is to teach communities how to make decisions based on data regarding drugs and alcohol consumption and the identification of protective and risk factors, on the basis of the original survey validated in Colombia: these will allow communities to choose the best preventive interventions, tailored for each of them according to their needs. This paper describes the process of implementation of CQC in Colombia, its differences with CTC, the creation of Colombian cutpoints, the main difficulties and how these were solved. CQC seems to be a preventive system with a wide potential applicability in other Latin American countries

Improving capacity to monitor and support sustainability of mental health peer-run organizations.

Peer-run mental health organizations are managed and staffed by people with lived experience of the mental health system. These understudied organizations are increasingly recognized as an important component of the behavioral health care and social support systems. This Open Forum describes the National Survey of Peer-Run Organizations, which was conducted in 2012 to gather information about peer-run organizations and programs, organizational operations, policy perspectives, and service systems. A total of 895 entities were identified and contacted as potential peer-run organizations. Information was obtained for 715 (80%) entities, and 380 of the 715 responding entities met the criteria for a peer-run organization. Implementation of the Affordable Care Act may entail benefits and unintended consequences for peer-run organizations. It is essential that we understand this population of organizations and continue to monitor changes associated with policies intended to provide better access to care that promotes wellness and recovery.

Valoración de resultados y perfil psicosocial de un programa de rehabilitación de personas con drogodependencias / Evaluation results and psychosocial profile of a rehabilitation program for people with drug abuse

Se describen los resultados y el perfil psicosocial de las personas atendidas durante los últimos 3 años en un programa de rehabilitación en drogodependencias del Proyecto Hombre en Málaga. La muestra seleccionada ha sido de 96 personas entre 18 y 56 años (M=31.31, DT=14.20), el 83.3% hombres y 16.7% mujeres. El porcentaje de altas terapéuticas se sitúa en el 22.9%. Se han estudiado las diversas características psicosociales, relacionándolas con la probabilidad de alta, abandono o recaída en adicciones. Se detallan los resultados y análisis estadísticos en torno a características personales, familiares y de consumo. Se ha encontrado como factor fundamental relacionado con los abandonos: el policonsumo, el abuso emocional y físico, y especialmente la cantidad de conflictos familiares. Se sugieren orientaciones terapéuticas que mejoren los resultados y resuelvan los conflictos familiares que podrían ser un factor importante en las recaí-das y abandonos del programa (AU)

This research group carried out an evaluation of data collected over the last 3 years, from the drug addiction rehabilitation program Proyecto Hombre Málaga. The sample consisted of 96 participants from 18 to 56 years old (M=31.31, DT=14.20), i.e., 83.3% male and 16.7% female. The rate of success, those who finished the therapeutic program success-fully, was 22.9%. The various psychosocial characteristics were studied, and related to the likelihood of therapeutic success, dropouts and relapse back into addiction. Details of the results and statistical analysis of the personal characteristics, family and consumer products are shown. The principal factors related to dropouts were found to be: poly-drug use, physical and emotional abuse and especially, frequent family conflicts. Therapeutic guidelines are suggested which improve the overall results and help resolve family conflicts that could be an important factor for relapse and for dropping out of the program (AU)

Breastfeeding policies and breastfeeding support programs in the mother's workplace.

Women should never be forced to make a choice between mother-work and other work. Many women mistakenly think they cannot breastfeed if they plan to return to work, and thus they may not talk with their employers about their intention to breastfeed or how breastfeeding might be supported at their workplace. All breastfeeding policies and strategies underline the importance of providing support for lactating mothers and highlight the need to promote specific interventions in the workplace. Possible strategies for working mothers include having the mother keep the baby with her while she works, allowing the mother to go to the baby to breastfeed during the workday, telecommuting, offering flexible work schedules, maintaining part-time work schedules, and using on-site or nearby child care centres.

A neoliberalisation of civil society? Self-help groups and the labouring class poor in rural South India.

This paper notes the prominence of self-help groups (SHGs) within current anti-poverty policy in India, and analyses the impacts of government- and NGO-backed SHGs in rural North Karnataka. It argues that self-help groups represent a partial neoliberalisation of civil society in that they address poverty through low-cost methods that do not challenge the existing distribution of power and resources between the dominant class and the labouring class poor. It finds that intra-group savings and loans and external loans/subsidies can provide marginal economic and political gains for members of the dominant class and those members of the labouring classes whose insecure employment patterns currently provide above poverty line consumption levels, but provide neither material nor political gains for the labouring class poor. Target-oriented SHG catalysts are inattentive to how the social relations of production reproduce poverty and tend to overlook class relations and socio-economic and political differentiation within and outside of groups, which are subject to interference by dominant class local politicians and landowners.

Instrumentos de evaluación en rehabilitación psicosocial / Assessment in psychosocial rehabilitation

Se realiza una revisión de los instrumentos de evaluación disponibles en castellano en seis áreas: rehabilitación psicosocial general, necesidades, discapacidad, calidad de vida, psicopatología y carga familiar (AU)

The paper reviews all the assessment instruments available in Spanish in six areas: general psychosocial rehabilitation, needs, disability, quality of life, psychopathology and family burden (AU)

Law & psychiatry: Liability issues associated with referrals to self-help groups.

Self-help groups, which are also referred to as mutual aid groups, are widely recognized as an important component of a comprehensive public mental health system that promotes recovery. Nonetheless, some psychiatrists and other providers have expressed concerns about these consumer-run groups and fear potential liability if they make referrals and something harmful occurs. This column reviews potential liability claims that could be made pertaining to referrals to self-help groups. The authors conclude that the likelihood of success of a plaintiff's claim is small. Recommendations are given for further lowering the likelihood of a successful suit.

[Impact of parent organisations in social aspects of cancer childhood care]. / Rô1e des associations de parents ans les aspects sociaux de la prise en charge des enfants cancéreux.

Since 1980, childhood cancer parent organisations study children and familial needs in the cancer of children context and give responses for all members of these families. Today, implications of parent organisations are done professionally and are varied. In regards with two examples, one in French social domain nd another in European therapeutic field, European regulation on medicinal products for paediatric use, we want to demonstrate how high quality partnerships build good developments and take part in "the best cure" for these children. The parents and medical staff are thus relieved of stress and daily preoccupations.

Legislación antitabaco y medidas de impacto / Anti-tobacco legislation and impact measures

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Supported employment outcomes of a randomized controlled trial of ACT and clubhouse models.

OBJECTIVE: In a randomized controlled trial, a vocationally integrated program of assertive community treatment (ACT) was compared with a certified clubhouse in the delivery of supported employment services. METHODS: Employment rates, total work hours, and earnings for 121 adults with serious mental illness interested in work were compared with published benchmark figures for exemplary supported employment programs. The two programs were then compared on service engagement, retention, and employment outcomes in regression analyses that controlled for background characteristics, program preference, and vocational service receipt. RESULTS: Outcomes for 63 ACT and 58 clubhouse participants met or exceeded most published outcomes for specialized supported employment teams. Compared with the clubhouse program, the ACT program had significantly (p<.05) better service engagement (ACT, 98 percent; clubhouse, 74 percent) and retention (ACT, 79 percent; clubhouse, 58 percent) over 24 months, but there was no significant difference in employment rates (ACT, 64 percent; clubhouse, 47 percent). Compared with ACT participants, clubhouse participants worked significantly longer (median of 199 days versus 98 days) for more total hours (median of 494 hours versus 234 hours) and earned more (median of $3,456 versus $1,252 total earnings). Better work performance by clubhouse participants was partially attributable to higher pay. CONCLUSIONS: Vocationally integrated ACT and certified clubhouses can achieve employment outcomes similar to those of exemplary supported employment teams. Certified clubhouses can effectively provide supported employment along with other rehabilitative services, and the ACT program can ensure continuous integration of supported employment with clinical care.

Health insurance coverage of direct support workers in the developmental disabilities field.

There is mounting evidence that employer-provided health insurance is an important factor in recruiting and retaining a competent and motivated direct support workforce within health and human services occupations. A review of the literature in this area, including new information related to the developmental disabilities field, is presented to assist nonprofit employers and government officials in designing initiatives to address increasing health care costs. Approaches to financing health coverage for frontline staff and a new program in New York that will provide subsidies to agencies to enhance existing coverage are discussed.

Drug consumption in London and Western Berlin during the 1960s and 1970s: local and transnational perspectives.

Between about 1964 and 1969, drug consumption was embedded into the transnational networks of a countercultural youth underground. In London, the high mobility of the underground members was evoking a deep-rooted fear of a casual way of life. The West Berlin underground was much more politicized than its London counterpart. In West Berlin, until the last third of the 1970s, there was no coordinated anti-drug policy. This changed when the situation of heroin users deteriorated. Politicians as well as the members of the self-help organizations began to realize that a close cooperation and an improved communication were imperative. The situation for heroin users in 1970s London was not that bad when compared to Berlin because a relatively well-functioning civil society already existed, and there were special clinics, the Drug Treatment Centers, and a relatively well-working network of voluntary organizations.

[Demands for a new, patient oriented rehabilitation]. / Anforderungen an eine patientenorientierte Rehabilitation1.

A new orientation of rehabilitation in Germany has been initiated by the social political representatives in legislation and government, based on conceptualizations of self help movements in Europe and Germany. The goal is to form a new rehabilitation which is dedicated to participation and partnership of citizens with disability ("Nothing about us without us"). Empowerment is envisaged and resources supplied by legislation to allow to implement these new concepts (personal budget). To guarantee these new rights they have been codified in a new, 9th book of the German social code (Sozialgesetzbuch IX, SGB IX). This new perspective gives rise to major evolutionary impulses in rehabilitation, notably disabled persons' participation in self-assessment, in formulating their rehabilitation goals, determining and controlling the rehabilitation process, terminating rehabilitation (co-signing their discharge reports), as well as evaluating the outcome (quality control of rehabilitation results). They have the right to get all their medical information (right of informational independence). Seven guidelines of people with disability are formulated to support implementation of the new rehabilitation.