ABSTRACT
In this study, we prepared a series of silver sulfadiazine (AgSD)-loaded polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels via electron beam (e-beam) irradiation. Our objective was to explore the influence of e-beam irradiation on the chemical structure and crystallinity of AgSD and the antibacterial properties of AgSD/PVA hydrogels. Prior to irradiation, we mixed AgSD in PVA solution in 2 forms, either suspended in water (WS) or dissolved in ammonia solution (AS). We noted that nano silver was released from AgSD/PVA-AS hydrogels immersed in deionized water, while it would not happen in AgSD/PVA-WS hydrogels. Both kinds of AgSD/PVA hydrogels exhibited good antibacterial activities against gram-negative Escherichia coli and gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. And their antibacterial activity was not obviously affected by different dosages of e-beam irradiation. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of the AgSD/PVA-WS hydrogels was stronger than that of AgSD/PVA-AS. Accordingly, the cell cytotoxicity of the AgSD/PVA-WS hydrogels was higher than that of AgSD/PVA-AS. Our study results reveal that e-beam irradiation of PVA solution with dispersed AgSD is a simple and efficient way to prepare AgSD/PVA hydrogels, which might be an ideal antibacterial wound dressing.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemical synthesis , Bandages , Chemistry, Pharmaceutical/methods , Polyvinyl Alcohol/chemical synthesis , Silver Sulfadiazine/chemical synthesis , Wound Healing , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Cell Survival/drug effects , Cell Survival/physiology , Mice , NIH 3T3 Cells , Polyvinyl Alcohol/administration & dosage , Silver Sulfadiazine/administration & dosage , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared/methods , Wound Healing/drug effects , X-Ray Diffraction/methodsABSTRACT
The synergistic activity between nitric oxide (NO) released from diazeniumdiolate-modified proline (PROLI/NO) and silver(I) sulfadiazine (AgSD) was evaluated against Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis using a modified broth microdilution technique and a checkerboard-type assay. The combination of NO and AgSD was defined as synergistic when the fractional bactericidal concentration (FBC) was calculated to be <0.5. Gram-negative species were generally more susceptible to the individual antimicrobial agents than the Gram-positive bacteria, while Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible to combination therapy. The in vitro synergistic activity of AgSD and NO observed against a range of pathogens strongly supports future investigation of this therapeutic combination, particularly for its potential use in the treatment of burns and chronic wounds.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects , Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects , Nitric Oxide/pharmacology , Silver Sulfadiazine/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Gram-Negative Bacteria/growth & development , Gram-Positive Bacteria/growth & development , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Nitric Oxide/chemical synthesis , Nitric Oxide/chemistry , Silver Sulfadiazine/chemical synthesis , Silver Sulfadiazine/chemistryABSTRACT
In this study the preparation of five hydrophilic derivatives of sulfadiazine is reported. The common structural element in the compounds is the 2-sulfonamidopyrimidine moiety. Three of these compounds are suitable for the preparation of a photostable I: I silver compound. These silver compounds are five to ten times more water soluble than silver sulfadiazine. The IR, 1H- and 13C-NMR data point to a similar co-ordination of silver in these compounds as with silver sulfadiazine. The microbiological activity of these silver compounds against St. aureus is slightly lower.
