Tobacco smoke exposure and sleep: estimating the association of urinary cotinine with sleep quality. / Exposition à la fumée du tabac et sommeil : estimation de l'association entre concentration de cotinine urinaire et qualité du sommeil.

INTRODUCTION: A majority of studies on tobacco smoke exposure and sleep quality have relied on self-reported smoking, resulting in potential exposure misclassification and biases related to self-report. The objective of this study was to investigate associations between urinary cotinine, a biological marker of tobacco smoke exposure, and sleep quality measures, including sleep duration, sleep continuity or efficiency, sleep satisfaction and alertness during normal waking hours. METHODS: Using data on a national sample of 10 806 adults (aged 18-79 years) from the Canadian Health Measures Survey (2007-2013), we performed binary logistic regression analyses to estimate associations between urinary cotinine concentrations and sleep quality measures, while controlling for potential confounders. Additionally, we performed ordinal logistic regression to assess the association between urinary cotinine concentrations and increased number of sleep problems. RESULTS: Overall, 28.7% of adult Canadian survey respondents had urinary cotinine concentrations above the limit of detection (LOD), nd the prevalence of each sleep problem ranged from 5.5% to 35.6%. Elevated urinary cotinine concentrations (quartile 4 vs.

Construction and validation of a sleep hygiene booklet for the elderly.

OBJECTIVE: to construct and validate an educational booklet for the elderly, with guidelines on sleep hygiene. METHOD: a methodological research with booklet construction; validation by 22 judges and evaluation by 22 elderly people. The content was extracted from the guidelines of the Brazilian Sleep Association and the elderly health manual of the Human Rights Office. The item with Content Validity Index (CVI) greater than 0.8 or whose concordance ratio verified with the Binomial Test was valid and statistically equal to or greater than 80%. RESULTS: the booklet presented 14 guidelines for the elderly about sleep hygiene distributed over 25 pages. All items were evaluated as relevant. The CVI had an average of 0.95 by the judges and 0.95 by the elderly. CONCLUSION: the booklet was constructed and validated as to its content and appearance. It can be used by health professionals in the various services with the elderly.

Dexmedetomidine Alleviates Postpartum Depressive Symptoms following Cesarean Section in Chinese Women: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study.

OBJECTIVES: Few studies have investigated the prophylactic efficacy of dexmedetomidine (DEX) in postpartum depressive symptoms (PDS). A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial was conducted to investigate whether the administration of DEX, immediately after delivery and for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA), can attenuate PDS. METHODS: A total of 600 parturients scheduled for elective cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia were randomly allocated into the control group (infusion with 0.9% normal saline after delivery and PCIA with sufentanil) and the DEX group (DEX infusion 0.5 µg/kg after delivery and PCIA with DEX plus sufentanil). The prevalence of postpartum depressive disorders was indicated by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Postoperative analgesia, sedation, and sleep quality of parturients were also assessed. RESULTS: Postpartum blues and PDS prevalence in the DEX, versus control, group were significantly lower (5.0% vs 14.1%, p<0.001; 5.7% vs 16.3%, p<0.001, respectively), especially in parturients with antenatal depression or moderate stress during pregnancy. Compared with the control group, the EPDS score at postpartum days 7 and 42 in the DEX group was significantly lower (4.23 ± 4.37 vs 1.93 ± 3.36, p<0.001; 4.68 ± 4.78 vs 1.99 ± 3.18, p<0.001, respectively), as was the incidence of postpartum self-harm ideation at postpartum days 7 and 42 in the DEX group versus the control group (1.1% vs 4.0%, p=0.03; 0.4% vs 2.9%, p=0.04, respectively). The pain score and the sleep quality in the DEX group were better than that in the control group (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The application of DEX in the early postpartum period can significantly attenuate the incidence of postpartum depressive disorders.

Insomnia management.

BACKGROUND: Insomnia is a common condition affecting individuals of various ages that can be addressed using a range of validated treatments. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this review is to outline current treatment approaches for insomnia disorder. DISCUSSION: Current guidelines suggest cognitive behavioural therapy is the first-line treatment for insomnia. This may be complemented with short-term pharmacological intervention.

Construction and validation of a sleep hygiene booklet for the elderly / Construcción y validación de un manual para ancianos acerca de la higiene del sueño / Construção e validação de cartilha para idoso acerca da higiene do sono

ABSTRACT Objective: to construct and validate an educational booklet for the elderly, with guidelines on sleep hygiene. Method: a methodological research with booklet construction; validation by 22 judges and evaluation by 22 elderly people. The content was extracted from the guidelines of the Brazilian Sleep Association and the elderly health manual of the Human Rights Office. The item with Content Validity Index (CVI) greater than 0.8 or whose concordance ratio verified with the Binomial Test was valid and statistically equal to or greater than 80%. Results: the booklet presented 14 guidelines for the elderly about sleep hygiene distributed over 25 pages. All items were evaluated as relevant. The CVI had an average of 0.95 by the judges and 0.95 by the elderly. Conclusion: the booklet was constructed and validated as to its content and appearance. It can be used by health professionals in the various services with the elderly.

RESUMEN Objetivo: construir y validar un manual educativo para ancianos, con orientaciones sobre higiene del sueño. Método: investigación metodológica con construcción de lo manual, validación por 22 jueces y evaluación por 22 ancianos. El contenido fue extraído de las orientaciones de la asociación brasileña del sueño y del manual de salud del anciano de la Secretaría de Derechos Humanos. Se consideró válido el ítem con Índice de Validez de Contenido (IVC) mayor que 0,8 o cuya proporción de concordancia, verificada con el Test Binomial, fue estadísticamente igual o superior al 80%. Resultados: lo manual presentó 14 orientaciones para ancianos sobre higiene del sueño, distribuidas en 25 páginas. Todos los ítems fueron evaluados como pertinentes y el IVC tuvo promedio de 0,95 por los jueces y 0,95 por los ancianos. Conclusión: lo manual fue construida y validada en cuanto a su contenido y apariencia, pudiendo ser utilizada por los profesionales de salud en los diversos servicios con el público anciano.

RESUMO Objetivo: construir e validar cartilha educativa para idosos, com orientações sobre higiene do sono. Método: pesquisa metodológica com construção da cartilha, validação por 22 juízes e avaliação por 22 idosos. O conteúdo foi extraído das orientações da associação brasileira do sono e do manual de saúde do idoso da Secretaria de Direitos Humanos. Foi considerado válido o item com Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC) maior que 0,8 ou cuja proporção de concordância, verificada com o teste binomial, foi estatisticamente igual ou superior a 80%. Resultados: a cartilha apresentou 14 orientações para idosos sobre higiene do sono, distribuídas em 25 páginas. Todos os itens foram avaliados como pertinentes e o IVC teve média de 0,95 pelos juízes e 0,95 pelos idosos. Conclusão: a cartilha foi construída e validada quanto seu conteúdo e aparência e pode ser utilizada pelos profissionais de saúde nos diversos serviços com o público idoso.

Guía de práctica clínica sobre trastornos del sueño en la infancia y adolescencia en atención primaria / Clinical practice guide on sleep disorders in childhood and adolescence in primary care

Orientar a los profesionales sanitarios del ámbito de Atencion Primaria (AP) en el reconocimiento de los problemas y trastornos del sueño en la infancia y adolescencia, y sobre todo, en la selección de recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia científica disponible, de las intervenciones terapéuticas para el manejo de los pacientes.