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1.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 87(4): 393-407, jul.-ago. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-115122

ABSTRACT

Fundamentos: Internet y la telefonía móvil forman parte de la tecnología más reciente que puede utilizarse en la educación para la salud. El objetivo fue evaluar el proceso de un programa para prevenir conductas de riesgo de cáncer implementado a través de internet y telefonía móvil. Métodos: Durante tres cursos académicos del período 2009-12 se seleccionó a estudiantes de secundaria de España y México para participar en un programa en línea suplementado con el envío de mensajes al teléfono móvil (SMS) cuyo objetivo era prevenir conductas de riesgo de cáncer. La intervención fue diseñada como un ensayo aleatorizado, con un grupo experimental (GE) y un grupo control. Se midieron el reclutamiento y la retención utilizando las herramientas de la plataforma de gestión de la web y de Google Analytics. Resultados: 3.855 estudiantes iniciaron el registro en el programa de los cuales 2.001 (51,9%) completaron el cuestionario. 77,5% fueron mexicanos, de 13 años (40,6%), de buen nivel académico (68,7%) y con padres (49,6%) y madres (53,9%) universitarios. El 56,4% registró un número de teléfono para recibir SMS. El GE estuvo formado por 1.014 estudiantes y la media de sus visitas a la web fue 31,6 en el primer curso, 21,8 en el segundo y 21,9 en el tercero. Las duraciones medias fueron, respectivamente, 11:02, 8:07 y 12:55 minutos. Cada adolescente del GE logró incorporar a 1,16 adultos (total1.172) y otros 1.076 se registraron espontáneamente. La tasa de retención de los estudiantes del GE fue 41,5% al final del seguimiento y fue mayor entre quienes tenían mejor nivel académico (OR:12,5), eran mexicanos (OR:4,4), tenían 12 años (OR: 3,1) y habían sido incorporados durante el primer trimestre del curso (OR: 2,8). Conclusión: El reclutamiento y la retención de estudiantes fueron escasos, especialmente en España. No obstante, los estudiantes que participaron visitaron la web del programa, en teoría durante un tiempo suficiente para lograr buenos resultados preventivos(AU)


Background: Current communication technologies can be used in health education. The aim was to assess the process of an online program designed to prevent cancer risk behaviours using an educational website and mobile phones. Methods: High school students from Spain and Mexico were recruited during 3 academic years (2009-12) to participate in a web-based program supplemented with mobile phone messages (SMS) which aim was to prevent cancer risk behaviours. The program was designed as a randomized trial, with control and experimental group (EG). Recruitment and adherence were analyzed using data of the Web management platform and Google Analytics. Results: 3,855 students started the logging on the program of which 2,001 (51.9%) completed the questionnaire.77.5% were Mexicans, 13 years old (40.6%), with good academic level (68.7%) and with parents (49.6%) and mothers (53.9%) having university degree. 56.4% recorded a phone number to receive SMS. The EG consisted of 1,014 students and the averages of their visits to the website were 31.6 in the first year, 21.8 in the second and 21.9 in the third. Each adolescent of the EG was able to incorporate 1.16 adults (total 1,172) and other 1,076 were recorded spontaneously. Retention rate at the end of follow-up was 41.5% and was higher among those who were best students (OR: 12,5), Mexicans (OR: 4.4), 12 years old (OR: 3.1) and have been incorporated in the first three months of the implementation (OR: 2.8). Conclusion: Students’ recruitment and retention was scarce, mainly in Spain. However students involved visited the program website with sufficient amount of time to achieve good results(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Social Planning/organization & administration , Social Planning/standards , Health Promotion/methods , Health Promotion , Internet/organization & administration , Internet/standards , Adolescent Behavior/psychology , Neoplasms/epidemiology , Neoplasms/prevention & control , Social Planning/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Promotion/organization & administration , Health Promotion/standards , Telephone/statistics & numerical data , Telephone/standards , Telephone , Risk Factors , Analysis of Variance , Surveys and Questionnaires
2.
Gac. sanit. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 22(supl.1): 111-117, abr. 2008.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-62009

ABSTRACT

Se argumentan las razones de la intervención del Estadocon relación a los medicamentos, y se destacan dos de susperspectivas más habituales, la sanitaria y la industrial, perspectivasque en España tienden a ignorarse, entrar en conflictoo confundirse. Se revisa el creciente impacto de los medicamentossobre el estado de salud y sobre la productividadque aporta una industria como la farmacéutica, intensiva enconocimiento.El impacto en el bienestar de los fármacos dependerá decómo se gestione la prescripción en el marco de unas políticasmacro manifiestamente mejorables. Se valoran tresgrandes líneas de actuación y, en un texto preocupado por laefectividad de las políticas, se recomienda un mayor uso dela competencia en precios, señales regulatorias que premiena los medicamentos más innovadores (los que ofrezcan lamayor efectividad incremental en relación con el coste añadidorespecto a las alternativas ya disponibles), una sacudidaal sistema nacional de innovación y la imprescindible alineaciónde los incentivos de los prescriptores con los de unsistema sanitario que, cerrando sus brechas entre eficacia yefectividad, pueda ser cada vez más deseable y, por tanto,sostenible(AU)


The reasons and rationale for state intervention in the pharmaceuticalindustry are discussed with emphasis on two ofthe most frequent perspectives: the health-focused view andthe income-centered approach; these perspectives tend to beignored, to come into conflict, or to be confused in Spain. Thegrowing impact of drugs on health and on the productivity ofa knowledge-intensive industry – such as the pharmaceuticalsector – is discussed.The impact of drugs on welfare will depend on how prescriptionis dealt with within the framework of some macro policiesthat could clearly be improved. The present article focuseson the effectiveness of Spanish pharmaceutical policyand assesses three families of policies. Several recommendationsare made: greater use of price competition, regulatorysignals rewarding the most innovative drugs (those thatoffer the greater incremental cost-effectiveness with respectto the already existing alternatives), a shake-up of the nationalsystem of innovation, and the indispensable alignment ofprescriber incentives and the health system. An integrated pharmaceuticalpolicy would help to bridge the quality chasm ofthe Spanish health system by making it more desirable, andtherefore sustainable(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Health Policy/legislation & jurisprudence , Evaluation of the Efficacy-Effectiveness of Interventions , Primary Health Care/methods , Primary Health Care/trends , Community Health Services/organization & administration , Community Health Services/trends , Community Health Services , Community Medicine/legislation & jurisprudence , Primary Health Care/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Policy/economics , Health Policy/trends , Social Planning/legislation & jurisprudence
3.
Santa Cruz de la Sierra; Oficialía Mayor de Desarrollo Humano; jun. 2006. 25 p. tab.
Monography in Spanish | LIBOCS, LIBOSP | ID: biblio-1305372

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del presente folleto es contribuir al mejoramiento de la calidad de vida mediante la intervención en áreas de salud, educación, deporte y género-generacional con criterios de equidad, inclusión social y solidaridad


Subject(s)
Human Rights/legislation & jurisprudence , Human Development , Social Planning/legislation & jurisprudence , Bolivia
5.
Managua; MECD;PDDH; dic. 2002. 76 p. ilus.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-494957

ABSTRACT

El Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deportes de Nicaragua pone a disposición la Guía didáctica sobre los derechos humanos de la niñez y la adolescencia, la que servirá de apoyo para el desarrollo de las actividades dirigidas a promover entre las y los estudiantes, el conocimiento y la práctica de sus derechos humanos. . Explica que son los derechos humanos, sus caracteristicas. Se aborda un poco de historia sobre los derechos de la ñinez, los derechos de estos en Nicaragua. A través del estudio de sus derechos las niñas, niños y los adolescentes, deben hacer conciencia de que son personas con derecho a que se les respete su integridad fìsica, moral psicològica y que además deben respetar de igual manera a todas las demás personas. También se incluye como el docente debe abordar el tema de los derechos de los niños donde los estudiantes elaboran sus ideas sobre lo que son las obligaciones dentro de la sociedad


Subject(s)
Child Labor , Child Welfare , Social Planning/legislation & jurisprudence , Students/legislation & jurisprudence , Family , Human Rights , Puberty , Self Care , Self Concept
9.
J Health Hum Resour Adm ; 1(4): 570-95, 1979 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10297499

ABSTRACT

Raab uses the National Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974(P.L.93-641)which designated state and substate regional planning agencies, as a departure for discussion of a larger issue: federalism. Administration of the law has raised issues about the allocation of power among national, state and local governments. The author tries to set this question in historical context by tracing the history of U.S. intergovernmental relations and highlighting key issues. He focuses on two perspectives of federalism: cooperative and competitive relations between governments. From this survey, Raab draws three conclusions: conflict has become "inevitable" as governments pursue their own objectives in administering national grants-in-aid; state and local officials have grown more concerned with administrative structure than the substance of policy; and the growth of lobbies for state and local governments has reduced the prospect of conflict.


Subject(s)
Health Planning/legislation & jurisprudence , Public Policy , Social Planning/legislation & jurisprudence , Conflict, Psychological , Financing, Government , Government Agencies/history , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Humans , Politics , United States
10.
Med Care ; 17(3): 244-54, 1979 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-763002

ABSTRACT

This paper reviews ten federal health laws from the perspective of the extent to which consumer participation had been incorporated as an integral aspect of health program, identifies some issues and dilemmas of implementing consumer participation activities, and offers suggestions for the involvement of consumer advocates. The review of the laws showed uncertainty of outcomes, conflicting philosophies, conflicting purposes, conflicting strategies, and conflicts relating to representativeness, legitimacy and consumer role. Despite the inconsistent record of Congress to legislate consumer participation, two recent health laws, P.L. 93-641 and Title III of P.L. 94-63, appear to offer major opportunities in promoting consumer involvement in planning and policy development activities. However, because these laws continue to delegate the responsibility for implementing consumer involvement programs to providers, established institutions and state agencies, consumer advocates are urged to increase their knowledge of the laws and to assist consumers to realize their right of self-determination. The cause is worthy and represents a desirable goal for public health--and in the final analysis, for the survival of our democratic society.


Subject(s)
Community Participation/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Planning/legislation & jurisprudence , National Health Programs/organization & administration , Community Mental Health Centers/organization & administration , Financing, Government , Governing Board/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Systems Agencies/organization & administration , National Health Programs/legislation & jurisprudence , Public Policy , Social Planning/legislation & jurisprudence , United States
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