ABSTRACT
Introducción: Los estilos de vida saludables previenen enfermedades y optimizan la salud del ser humano, mejor aún en los estudiantes universitarios quienes están vulnerables a cambiar actitudes, rutinas, hábitos y su estilo de vida. Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad de programa basado en modelo de Nola Pender para promover estilos de vida saludables en universitarios peruanos. Métodos: Estudio preexperimental con pretest y postest, en una universidad privada de Tarapoto, Perú, durante 2017. Participaron 869 estudiantes de siete carreras. Para conocer el estilo de vida de los universitarios, se utilizó el PESPS-I de Pender. La intervención tuvo una duración de ocho meses, se consideraron aspectos nutricionales, salud emocional y actividad física. En el análisis estadístico se realizó la prueba no paramétrica Wilcoxon, con nivel de significación de p = 0,05, además de la distribución de frecuencias absolutas, porcentajes, medias, rango promedio y desviación estándar. Resultados: Las medidas del postest fueron superiores a las del pretest demostrando la efectividad del programa para promover los estilos de vida saludables en el ejercicio, la responsabilidad en salud y el manejo del estrés (p < 0,05). Sin embargo, en las dimensiones: nutrición, soporte interpersonal y auto-actualización no se encontraron diferencias significativas (p > 0,05). Conclusiones: El programa para promover los estilos de vida saludables en universitarios peruanos de 16 a 22 años demostró ser efectivo para mejorar el ejercicio, la responsabilidad en salud y el manejo del estrés(AU)
ABSTRACT Introduction: Healthy lifestyles prevent diseases and optimize the health of the human being, even better among university students, who are vulnerable to changing attitudes, routines, habits, and their lifestyle. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of a program based on the Nola Pender model to promote healthy lifestyles in Peruvian university students. Methods: Pre-experimental study with pre-test and post-test, in a private university in Tarapoto, Peru, during 2017. 869 students from seven majors participated. To know the lifestyle of university students, the Pender PESPS-I was used. The intervention lasted eight months. Nutritional aspects, emotional health and physical activity were considered. In the statistical analysis, the non-parametric Wilcoxon test was performed, with a significance level of p=0.05, in addition to the distribution of absolute frequencies, percentages, means, average range and standard deviation. Results: The post-test measures were higher than to those of the pre-test, which demonstrated the effectiveness of the program to promote healthy lifestyles through exercising, health responsibility and stress management (p < 0.05). However, in the dimensions nutrition, interpersonal support and self-update, no significant differences were found (p >0.05). Conclusions: The program to promote healthy lifestyles in Peruvian university students aged 16 to 22 years proved to be effective in improving exercise, health responsibility and stress management(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Young Adult , Student Health Services/methods , Exercise , Healthy LifestyleABSTRACT
Objetivo Caracterizar la implementación y la comprensión de la Promoción de la Salud en Instituciones de Educación Superior en Colombia. Métodos Se realiza un estudio cualitativo con enfoque etnográfico en once instituciones de cinco ciudades, usando una encuesta y una entrevista exploratoria, entrevistas a gestores, observación directa, así como revisión documental. La información se analiza a la luz de conceptualizaciones sobre promoción de la salud, entornos saludables y universidades promotoras de la salud. Resultados Las instituciones han desarrollado políticas, programas, así como acciones de educación, reorientación de los servicios de salud, participación, intervención sobre el ambiente, investigación y otras con alcance familiar y comunitario. Conclusión El desarrollo de la promoción de la salud en estas instituciones ha recorrido caminos distintos, coexisten el enfoque preventivo y abordajes intersectoriales con perspectivas amplias. Se presentan como desafíos la formación de los profesionales como gestores de cambio y la promoción como proceso de transformación organizacional.(AU)
Objective To characterize the implementation and understanding of health promotion at higher education institutions in Colombia. Methods A qualitative study with an ethnographic approach was carried out at eleven institutions selected in five cities. It was conducted through research tools such as an exploratory survey, interviews, direct observation and review of documents. The information was analyzed considering conceptualizations about health promotion, health settings, and health-promoting universities. Results These institutions have implemented policies and programs and have undertaken actions like education, reorientation of health services, participation and intervention on the environment, as well as research and activities with family and community outreach. Conclusion At these institutions, different scopes related to the development of health promotion were found, i.e. there was a preventive approach along with an inter-sectorial outlook with broad extent. Some of the main challenges for institutions are the training of professionals as agents of change, and fostering health promotion as a process of organizational change.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Student Health Services/methods , Health Promotion/methods , Colombia , Qualitative Research , Anthropology, CulturalABSTRACT
Objective To characterize the implementation and understanding of health promotion at higher education institutions in Colombia. Methods A qualitative study with an ethnographic approach was carried out at eleven institutions selected in five cities. It was conducted through research tools such as an exploratory survey, interviews, direct observation and review of documents. The information was analyzed considering conceptualizations about health promotion, health settings, and health-promoting universities. Results These institutions have implemented policies and programs and have undertaken actions like education, reorientation of health services, participation and intervention on the environment, as well as research and activities with family and community outreach. Conclusion At these institutions, different scopes related to the development of health promotion were found, i.e. there was a preventive approach along with an inter-sectorial outlook with broad extent. Some of the main challenges for institutions are the training of professionals as agents of change, and fostering health promotion as a process of organizational change.