ABSTRACT
From a historical viewpoint, all the elements surrounding a disease, from its name to the weight of meaning attached to it, are the result of "negotiations" in which many sections of society are participants. In the case of leprosy, the discovery of sulfones in 1941 made a significant contribution towards transforming our understanding of this disease, leading to questions being raised as to the measures adopted for its prevention and control, particularly the compulsory isolation of sufferers. On the basis of these assumptions, this article examines the debate which took place regarding the process whereby the old prophylactic procedures for the control of leprosy were replaced, in an important national journal, Arquivos Mineiros de Leprologia, in the 1950s.
Subject(s)
Leprosy/history , Patient Isolation/history , Sulfones/history , History, 20th Century , Humans , Leprosy/drug therapy , Leprosy/prevention & control , Quarantine/history , Sulfones/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Da perspectiva histórica, todos os elementos que envolvem uma doença, desde sua nomeação até a carga de significado que lhe é atribuída, resultam de "negociações" elaboradas por múltiplos atores sociais. No caso da lepra, a descoberta das sulfonas, em 1941, contribuiu de forma significativa para a transformação do entendimento dessa enfermidade, gerando um questionamento acerca das ações utilizadas para o seu controle/combate, sobretudo o isolamento compulsório dos doentes. Com base nesses pressupostos, este artigo analisa o debate que se constituiu acerca do processo de substituição das antigas práticas profiláticas para o controle da lepra, em um importante periódico de circulação nacional, Arquivos Mineiros de Leprologia, na década de 1950.
From a historical viewpoint, all the elements surrounding a disease, from its name to the weight of meaning attached to it, are the result of "negotiations" in which many sections of society are participants. In the case of leprosy, the discovery of sulfones in 1941 made a significant contribution towards transforming our understanding of this disease, leading to questions being raised as to the measures adopted for its prevention and control, particularly the compulsory isolation of sufferers. On the basis of these assumptions, this article examines the debate which took place regarding the process whereby the old prophylactic procedures for the control of leprosy were replaced, in an important national journal, Arquivos Mineiros de Leprologia, in the 1950s.
Subject(s)
Humans , History, 20th Century , Leprosy/history , Patient Isolation/history , Sulfones/history , Leprosy/drug therapy , Leprosy/prevention & control , Quarantine/history , Sulfones/therapeutic useSubject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases/chemically induced , Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/adverse effects , Lactones/adverse effects , Safety-Based Drug Withdrawals , Sulfones/adverse effects , Cardiovascular Diseases/history , Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/history , Drug Approval , History, 21st Century , Humans , Lactones/history , Patient Safety , Risk Assessment , Safety-Based Drug Withdrawals/history , Sulfones/historyABSTRACT
This article traces the history of leprosy in Reunion from the early eighteenth century, which long paralleled the slave trace. Lepers were confined to a lazaretto and treated with herbs. Father Raimbault, "doctor" and chaplain of the lepers in the middle of the twentieth century, is still honored today. The improvement in living standards and the use of sulfones finally resulted in the control of leprosy. Nonetheless, from 2005 to 2011, an average of three new cases per year were detected among a population of 800,000 inhabitants.
Subject(s)
Leprosy/history , History, 18th Century , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Humans , Leper Colonies/history , Leprosy/drug therapy , Leprosy/epidemiology , Reunion , Social Stigma , Sulfones/history , Sulfones/therapeutic useSubject(s)
Erectile Dysfunction/drug therapy , Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Piperazines/therapeutic use , Sulfones/therapeutic use , History, 20th Century , Humans , Male , Penile Prosthesis , Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors/history , Piperazines/history , Purines/history , Purines/therapeutic use , Sildenafil Citrate , Sulfones/historySubject(s)
Drug Evaluation/history , Drug Therapy/history , Drug and Narcotic Control/history , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/history , United States Food and Drug Administration/history , Databases, Factual , Drug Evaluation/methods , Ethylene Glycols/history , Ethylene Glycols/poisoning , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Humans , Lactones/adverse effects , Lactones/history , Pharmaceutical Preparations/history , Rosiglitazone , Sulfanilamide , Sulfanilamides/history , Sulfones/adverse effects , Sulfones/history , Thiazolidinediones/adverse effects , Thiazolidinediones/history , United StatesSubject(s)
Advertising , Drug Industry , Mass Media , Piperazines , Sulfones , Technology , Advertising/economics , Advertising/history , Advertising/legislation & jurisprudence , Drug Industry/economics , Drug Industry/education , Drug Industry/history , Drug Industry/legislation & jurisprudence , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Mass Media/economics , Mass Media/history , Mass Media/legislation & jurisprudence , Periodicals as Topic/economics , Periodicals as Topic/history , Periodicals as Topic/legislation & jurisprudence , Piperazines/economics , Piperazines/history , Purines/economics , Purines/history , Sildenafil Citrate , Sulfones/economics , Sulfones/history , Technology/economics , Technology/education , Technology/history , Technology/legislation & jurisprudenceABSTRACT
From 1911 to 1969 those people diagnosed with leprosy in the South Pacific were gradually isolated and received medical treatment at the Central Lepers' Hospital, Makogai Island, Fiji. Until the discovery of sulfones in the 1940s leprosy was largely incurable and it was expected that those who went to the island would never return. This paper assumes that the stigma attendant on leprosy which provoked the isolation order is itself a form of disability. The paper draws on patients'stories to explore their individual and collective experience of isolation and suggests that for many, collective isolation on Makogai was an enabling experience. On Makogai, leprosy was the 'norm', the social disability of stigma was removed and people were able to be self-sufficient, to build community and social relationships and to live a fairly ordinary island life.
Subject(s)
Attitude to Health , Leper Colonies/history , Leprosy/history , Social Stigma , Fiji , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Humans , Leprosy/diagnosis , Leprosy/drug therapy , Pacific Islands , Quality of Life/psychology , Religion and Medicine , Social Isolation/psychology , Sulfones/history , Sulfones/therapeutic useSubject(s)
Erectile Dysfunction/history , Medicine, Traditional/history , Nostrums/history , Pharmacopoeias as Topic/history , Piperazines/history , Sulfones/history , Vasodilator Agents/history , 3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases/antagonists & inhibitors , Europe , History, 17th Century , History, 18th Century , Humans , Male , Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors/history , Purines/history , Sildenafil CitrateSubject(s)
Clinical Trials as Topic , Consumer Product Safety , Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors , Government Regulation , Lactones , Product Surveillance, Postmarketing , Sulfones , Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems , Arthritis/drug therapy , Cardiovascular Diseases/chemically induced , Clinical Trials as Topic/history , Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/adverse effects , Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/history , Drug Approval , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Drug Industry/legislation & jurisprudence , Drug Labeling/history , Drug Labeling/legislation & jurisprudence , Government Regulation/history , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Humans , Lactones/adverse effects , Lactones/history , Sulfones/adverse effects , Sulfones/history , United States , United States Food and Drug AdministrationSubject(s)
Inflammation/enzymology , Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases/metabolism , Cartoons as Topic , Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/history , Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/therapeutic use , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Humans , Inflammation/drug therapy , Inflammation/history , Lactones/history , Lactones/therapeutic use , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Sulfones/history , Sulfones/therapeutic useSubject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases/chemically induced , Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/adverse effects , Drug Approval/history , Drug Industry/history , Lactones/adverse effects , Sulfones/adverse effects , Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality , Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/history , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Humans , Lactones/history , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/history , Sulfones/history , United States , United States Food and Drug AdministrationSubject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases/chemically induced , Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/adverse effects , Drug Approval , Lactones/adverse effects , Product Surveillance, Postmarketing , Sulfones/adverse effects , Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/history , Drug Approval/history , Drug Industry/history , Drug Labeling/history , History, 21st Century , Humans , Intestinal Perforation/prevention & control , Lactones/history , Sulfones/history , United States , United States Food and Drug AdministrationSubject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases/chemically induced , Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/adverse effects , Lactones/adverse effects , Sulfones/adverse effects , Aspirin/therapeutic use , Celecoxib , Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/history , Drug Approval/history , Drug Interactions , Gastrointestinal Diseases/chemically induced , Gastrointestinal Diseases/history , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Humans , Lactones/history , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Pyrazoles/adverse effects , Pyrazoles/history , Sulfonamides/adverse effects , Sulfonamides/history , Sulfones/history , United States , United States Food and Drug AdministrationABSTRACT
La Historia de la Terapéutica de la Lepra se divide en tres períodos: incurabilidad, monoterapia y multiterapia. Se describen las diferentes medicaciones en estos períodos y las últimas novedades así como el tratamiento de las reacciones (AU)