Thiram, an inhibitor of 11ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2, enhances the inhibitory effects of hydrocortisone in the treatment of osteosarcoma through Wnt/ß-catenin pathway.

BACKGROUND: The anti-osteosarcoma effects of hydrocortisone and thiram, an inhibitor of type 2 11ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11HSD2), have not been reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of hydrocortisone alone or the combination of hydrocortisone with thiram on osteosarcoma and the molecular mechanism, and determine whether they can be as new therapeutic agents for osteosarcoma. METHODS: Normal bone cells and osteosarcoma cells were treated with hydrocortisone or thiram alone or in combination. The cell proliferation, migration, cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by using CCK8 assay, wound healing assay, and flow cytometry, respectively. An osteosarcoma mouse model was established. The effect of drugs on osteosarcoma in vivo was assessed by measuring tumor volume. Transcriptome sequencing, bioinformatics analysis, RT-qPCR, Western blotting (WB), enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and siRNA transfection were performed to determine the molecular mechanisms. RESULTS: Hydrocortisone inhibited the proliferation and migration, and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of osteosarcoma cells in vitro. Hydrocortisone also reduced the volume of osteosarcoma in mice in vivo. Mechanistically, hydrocortisone decreased the levels of Wnt/ß-catenin pathway-associated proteins, and induced the expression of glucocorticoid receptor α (GCR), CCAAT enhancer-binding protein ß (C/EBP-beta) and 11HSD2, resulting in a hydrocortisone resistance loop. Thiram inhibited the activity of the 11HSD2 enzyme, the combination of thiram and hydrocortisone further enhanced the inhibition of osteosarcoma through Wnt/ß-catenin pathway. CONCLUSIONS: Hydrocortisone inhibits osteosarcoma through the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway. Thiram inhibits 11HSD2 enzyme activity, reducing hydrocortisone inactivation and promoting the effect of hydrocortisone through the same pathway.

[NABARRA TECHNIQUE. POST-SURGICAL APPLICATION OF NOBECUTAN® AS BARRIER DRESSING]. / Técnica NABARRA. APLICACIÓN POSQUIRÚRGICA DE NOBECUTAN® COMO APÓSITO BARRERA.

The incidence of neoplasia of vulva round 1-2 per 100,000 women with predominance in ranges age of diagnosis between 65-75years. This type of cancer pathology is tackled with surgical techniques summarized in simple vulvectomy or vulvectomy with unilateral or bilateral lymphadenectomy according to staging of cutaneous involvement. The morbidity of this surgical process is mainly grouped in skin moisture, dehiscence and infection. The use of Nobecutan® as a plastic dressing aerosol barrier reduces cutaneous surgical comorbidity.

[EFFECTIVENESS OF NOBECUTAN® PLASTIC DRESSING SPRAY IN REDUCING PAIN ASSOCIATED WITH PERINEAL TRAUMA AFTER VAGINAL DELIVERY]. / Eficacia del apósito plástico en aerosol Nobecutan®: EN LA DISMINUCIÓN DEL DOLOR ASOCIADO AL TRAUMA PERINEAL TRAS EL PARTO VAGINAL.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the difference in perineal pain between women with dressing spray versus no dressing spray applied after perineal repair. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING: The Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, a state hospital belonging to the Community of Madrid. SAMPLE: The study involved eighty-two nulliparous women, who had undergone vaginal delivery with episiotomy or second-degree perineal laceration. METHOD: They were randomized. One group was applied the dressing spray directly on the wound (experimental group). The other group was applied the dressing spray on the skin around the wound (control group). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The participants were questioned regarding the sensation of pain (0-100 scale) in repose and during different activities (such as sitting, walking, urinating and during defecation), and the use of painkillers at 24 and 48 hours postpartum. RESULTS: Women treated with plastic dressing spray on the wound had less pain at repose, sitting, walking, urinating and during defecation at 24 hours and 48 hours postpartum. Only reached statistical significance the pain in urination at 48 hours. The difference was 9.5 mm (95 %; 1.2 to 17.4) and the effect size (Cohen's d): d = 0.51). The need for analgesia was higher in the control group than in the experimental, but not significant differences being observed. CONCLUSIONS. Findings suggest that Nobecutan® plastic dressing spray can decrease perineal pain in nulliparous women in the first 48 hours after birth.

[DECREASE OF DEHISCENCE AND OTHER COMPLICATIONS IN THE USE OF PERIPHERAL VENOUS LINES IN POST-OPERATIVE HEPATO-BILIARY AND VASCULAR SURGERY THROUGH THE USE OF NOBECUTAN® AEROSOL]. / Disminución de la aparición de dehiscencia y otras complicaciones en el manejo de vías venosas periféricas en el posoperatorio de cirugía hepatobiliar y vascular mediante el uso de aerosol Nobecutan®.

Peripheral venous canalization, its surveillance and maintenance is realized by nurses with a diagnostic or therapeutic purpose. In the surgery unit was observed frequent appearances of phlebitis, extravasations or dehiscence in the point puncture. In order to increase the quality cares and patient safety, it was searched for new guidelines for preventing or minimizing applications using Nobecutan® aerosol as a new technical and material to fix. It was selected by its characteristics: adhesive layer (helps to fix), elastic, transparent (allows to visualize insertion point), permeable and sealing material. It was intended to open up a new field to realize new studies and to implement new procedures by means of a randomized cross-sectorial descriptive study. The objectives were: reduce catheter changes, avoid dehiscence, reduce phlebitis, get a better fixation and determine Nobecutan® effectiveness to prevent complications. With obtained data, a data base was designed and analyzed by statistical software SPSS version 19.0 for Windows. According to obtained results and after discussion, it was concluded to apply Nobecutan® to decrease dehiscence in the insertion point and the numbers of intravenous lines changes during admittance. It wasn't found beneficial influence to phlebitis.

[For patients undergoing surgery, a reduction of risks and an increase in comfort by means using the Nobecutan aerosol]. / Paciente intervenido quirúrgicamente: disminución de riesgos y aumento del confort mediante el uso del aerosol Nobecutan.

This article summarizes the study which won the 2010 Nursing Nobecutan Prize, Second Edition. This study is an observational study of patients who undergo spinal column surgery. At the beginning of their surgical procedure, Nobecutan aerosol was applied to the affected area.

[Patient's comfort during cicatrization and wound protection process due to the use of Nobecutan plastic dressing administered by an aerosol]. / El confort del paciente durante el proceso de cicatrización y protección de la herida con el apósito de plástico en aerosol (Nobecutan).

This report received the 2009 Nobecutan Nursing Prize. Born to Protect. This is a study which proposes to evaluate the comfort level patients perceive when they apply the Nobecutan transparent dressing administered by an aerosol. Dressing composition: plastic composed by a 4% acrylic co-polymer, 42.98% ethyl acetate, Tetramethylthiuram disulfide 0,02% and dimethyl 53%. Characteristics: *Micro-porous, prevents maceration of the skin. *Impervious to water and micro-organisms. *Easy to use as a aerosol which upon spraying an area, forms a thin film which permits transparency over a wound and therefore constant visual control; plus this film prevents allergic reactions.

Nobecutane spray as a temporary dressing of skin graft donor sites.

Various methods have been used for managing split-thickness skin graft donor sites. Open and closed techniques have been suggested by various authors with the purpose of achieving smooth and rapid healing of the wound. There is growing evidence to suggest that the site and quality of the healing is improved when the wound is protected from dehydration and further mechanical trauma. A recent method is the spraying of Nobecutane Spray on the donor site. Nobecutane sprayed on a wound forms a plastic film which serves as a dressing material. It contains specially modified acrylic resin in an organic solvent (ethyl acetate) and TMTD (tetramethylthiuram disulphide) which is strongly bactericidal and fungicidal. We employed this method on 50 patients and found it to be effective in achieving rapid and painless healing. The dressing is transparent, permits easy follow-up of healing in the donor site, protects the wound against infection, and does not inconvenience the patient. The treatment is simple, economical, and does not require special skills. The dressing peels off spontaneously after epidermal regeneration of the wound is completed. No complications or allergic reaction were observed with this treatment.

Toxicity of vinylidene chloride in mice and rats and its alterations by various treatments.

The toxicity of vinylidene chloride (VDC) was studied in mice and rats exposed to various concentrations of the vapors for 23 hr/day. In addition, the ability of various compounds to alter parameters of toxicity was evaluated. Mice were more sensitive than rats to the lethal, hepatotoxic, and renal toxic effects of VDC. Disulfiram protected mice from these toxic effects of inhaled VDC and reduced the levels of covalently bound radioactivity in the liver and kidney after the ip administration of [14C] VDC. Diethyldithiocarbamate and thiram also protected mice from the acute lethal effects of VDC.