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1.
Emergencias (Sant Vicenç dels Horts) ; 31(5): 341-345, oct. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-184124

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Conocer la epidemiología de las consultas en urgencias por amnesia global transitoria (AGT), ya sea pura, asociada al consumo de tóxicos o en el contexto de una agresión sexual. Método. Estudio retrospectivo de enero a diciembre de 2018. Se revisaron las AGT atendidas en intoxicados (AGTtox), en víctimas de agresiones sexuales (AGTsex) y las amnesias puras (AGTpur), evaluando la presencia de tóxicos. Resultados. Se identificaron 287 AGT: 169 AGTsex (58,9%), 62 AGTpur (21,6%) y 56 AGTtox (19,5%). De ellas, 218 (76%) fueron mujeres y la edad osciló entre 16 y 90 años (60,6% menores de 30 años). Reconocieron consumo de alcohol 201 casos (72,8%), con etanolemia positiva en 105 (49,1%) (media de 0,74 g/l y máxima de 3,9 g/l). Admitieron consumo de cannabis 20 pacientes (7,1%), con analítica positiva en 39 casos (17,3%); cocaína 14 (4,9%), con analítica positiva en 28 (12,4%), y anfetaminas 5 (1,7%), con analítica positiva en 20 (8,8%). Presentaron sínto-mas de intoxicación 58 casos (20,1%). Cuatro pacientes ingresaron en coma. Se realizó una tomografía computariza-da (TC) craneal a 66 pacientes (23%), se hospitalizaron 7 y no hubo ningún fallecimiento. Conclusiones. La prevalencia de AGT es mayor si se incluyen los intoxicados y las agresiones sexuales, modificando la determinación de tóxicos la epidemiología de la AGT en urgencias


Objectives. To study the epidemiology of emergency department visits for transient global amnesia (TGA) by itself or associated with substance abuse or sexual assault. Methods. Retrospective study of cases treated from January to December 2018. Data for all patients with TGA were extracted, and cases were classified as associated with substance abuse (TGASUB), sexual assault (TGASEX), or neither (TGAONLY). Results. A total of 287 TGA cases were found: 169 (58.9%) were TGASEX, 62 (21.6%) TGAONLY, and 56 (19.5%) TGASUB. Two hundred eighteen (76%) were female and 69 (24%) were male. Ages ranged from 16 to 90 years; 174 (60.6%) were under the age of 30 years. Two hundred one patients (72.8%) reported consuming alcohol; and 105 (49.1%) were positive on testing (mean blood alcohol concentration, 0.74 g/L; maximum, 3.9 g/L. Twenty patients (7.1%) reported using cannabis, and 39 (17.3%) had positive test results; 14 reported using cocaine (4.9%) and 28 (12.4%) tested positive; 5 (1.7%) reported using amphetamines and 20 (8.8%) tested positive. Fifty-eight (20.1%) had symptoms of intoxication. Four were admitted in coma. A computed tomography scan was ordered for 66 patients (23%), 7 patients were hospitalized, and none died. Conclusions. The prevalence of TGA is higher if cases of substance abuse and sexual assault are counted. Toxicolgy testing changes the epidemiology of TGA in emergencies


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Amnesia, Transient Global/complications , Amnesia, Transient Global/epidemiology , Substance-Related Disorders/complications , Emergency Medical Services/methods , Sex Offenses , Toxicological Symptoms/adverse effects , Retrospective Studies , Coma/complications , Coma/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, Emission-Computed , Ethanol/toxicity , Cocaine/toxicity , Cannabis/toxicity , Amphetamines/toxicity , Analysis of Variance
2.
Rev. toxicol ; 31(2): 196-203, jul.-dic. 2014. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-133328

ABSTRACT

Las micotoxinas son metabolitos secundarios producidos por hongos del genero Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium y Alternaria. Las micotoxinas más abundantes son aflatoxinas (Aspergillus), ocratoxina A (Penicillium), fumonisinas, zearalenona, deoxinivalenol (Fusarium) y alternariol (Alternaria). De las especies de Alternaria, A. alternata es la especie productora más importante de micotoxinas. Todas están consideradas como contaminantes tóxicos que están presentes en alimentos de consumo diario. Esta revisión se centra en estudios in vitro relacionados con la respuesta y citotoxicidad a la micotoxina de Alternaria, alternariol (AOH). Para ello, se ha realizado una búsqueda bibliográfica de los artículos de AOH disponible en bases de datos como: Pubmed, Scopus, Science Direct y Current Contents en los últimos catorce años. Así pues, el objetivo de la revisión bibliográfica es evaluar los efectos de AOH investigados mediante ensayos in vitro (AU)


Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by genera fungus of: Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium and Alternaria. The most frequent mycotoxins are: aflatoxins (Aspergillus), ochratoxin A (Penicillium), fumonisins, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol (Fusarium) and alternariol (Alternaria). Among all Alternaria spp, A. Alternata is the most producer mycotoxin. All mycotoxins are considered toxic contaminants present in food of daily consumption. This review is based on in vitro studies where response and toxicity in cells of Alternaria mycotoxin, alternariol (AOH) have been carried out. In this sense a bibliographic search of AOH papers available in on-line data bases such as: Pubmed, Scopus, Science Direct and Current Contents in the last fourteen years, have been collected. The main objective of this bibliographic review is to evaluate the AOH effects detected in in vitro assay (AU)


Subject(s)
Alternaria/chemistry , Alternaria/isolation & purification , Alternaria/pathogenicity , Mycotoxins/analysis , Aspergillus/pathogenicity , Penicillium/pathogenicity , Fusarium/pathogenicity , Environmental Pollutants , Food/toxicity , Food Analysis/methods , Food Analysis/standards , Toxicological Symptoms/adverse effects , Toxicological Symptoms/pharmacology , Toxicological Symptoms/toxicity , Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase/toxicity
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