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2.
Rev. esp. med. legal ; 39(3): 93-98, jul.-sept. 2013.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-115173

ABSTRACT

España ocupa una posición privilegiada a nivel mundial con una de las tasas de donación de fallecidos más alta. El modelo español de donación y trasplante de órganos y tejidos goza de gran prestigio mundial y ha sido objeto de estudio e imitación en distintos países. En el presente trabajo se analizan la evolución legislativa en España hasta la promulgación del reciente Real Decreto 1723/2012 y los aspectos médico-legales más novedosos de este último. En el supuesto de donantes vivos destaca la prestación del consentimiento en el ámbito civil derivado de la modificación del Registro Civil. En los donantes fallecidos se amplía la redacción del diagnóstico de muertes por criterios circulatorios y respiratorios. Se analiza la intervención judicial y del médico forense en el proceso de la donación de órganos, enfatizando la necesidad de protocolarizar la actuación incluyendo la exploración del cadáver(AU)


Spain occupies a privileged position in the world with highest deceased donation rates. The Spanish Model of organ donation and transplantation has a great prestige at the world and has been studied and imitated. This paper discusses legislative developments in Spain until the recent enactment of Royal Decree 1723/2012 and the newest medico-legal aspects. In the case of living donors emphasizes the provision of consent in front of civil court resulting from the change of Civil Registry Office status. In cadaveric organ donation expands diagnostic of circulatory and respiratory death criteria. Judicial intervention and the forensic pathologist rol are analyzed in the process of organ donation, emphasizing the need for improving practical guides including exploration of the body(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Transplants/ethics , Transplants , Directed Tissue Donation/ethics , Directed Tissue Donation/legislation & jurisprudence , Tissue Donors/legislation & jurisprudence , Living Donors/legislation & jurisprudence , Forensic Medicine/ethics , Forensic Medicine/legislation & jurisprudence , Forensic Medicine/standards , Brain Death/legislation & jurisprudence , Donor Selection/legislation & jurisprudence , Spain/epidemiology
3.
Rev. bioét. (Impr.) ; 21(1)jan.-abr. 2013.
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-673984

ABSTRACT

Trata-se de estudo de revisão de literatura com o objetivo de caracterizar a legislação vigente com pertinência aos obstáculos encontrados pela Comissão Intra-Hospitalar de Doação de Órgãos e Tecidos para Transplantes.Observou-se que devem ser tomadas medidas de educação contínua entre os profissionais que atuam nessa comissão, bem como conhecer o perfil cultural da população que atende e levar à sociedade informações pertinentes ao processo de doação, visando suscitar entre as famílias essa discussão e, quem sabe assim, reduzir as filas de espera por um transplante no Brasil.


This is a literature review with the aim of characterizing the legislation that refers to the obstacles encountered by Intra Hospital Commission of Organs and Tissues Donation for Transplantation. It was observed thatshould be taken continuing education measures among health professionals in this committee to know thecultural profile of the population which serves this population and lead to relevant information to the donation process in order to raise this discussion between families and perhaps thereby reduce waiting lists for atransplant in Brazil.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Education, Continuing , Tissue and Organ Procurement/ethics , Tissue and Organ Procurement/legislation & jurisprudence , Tissue and Organ Procurement/standards , Health Personnel/education , Health Personnel/ethics , Tissue and Organ Procurement , Mentoring , Transplants/ethics , Organization and Administration
4.
Rev Rene (Online) ; 14(4): 713-719, 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: lil-706509

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se caracterizar o perfil de potenciais doadores de órgãos em hospital da zona norte do Ceará, Brasil. Estudo quantitativo, retrospectivo, documental, realizado em hospital do Ceará, com base em informações contidas em prontuários de potenciais doadores, de maio a setembro de 2009. Os dados foram dispostos em tabelas, enfocando o processo de identificação e os aspectos logísticos. Evidenciaram-se o traumatismo cranioencefálico (51,4 %) e o acidente vascular cerebral (31,4 %) como diagnósticos prevalentes, e que 57,1% concluíram o processo em tempo hábil para captação dos órgãos. Espera-se que a avaliação da política e dos dados da doação contribua para intensificação das taxas de doação, favorecendo reconhecimento das fragilidades do processo, bem como execução de medidas promotoras para o êxito deste.


Subject(s)
Tissue Donors , Health Profile , Transplants , Tissue Donors/ethics , Transplants/ethics
5.
Public Underst Sci ; 21(2): 226-41, 2012 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22586847

ABSTRACT

Organ trafficking is an illegal means of meeting the shortage of transplants. The activity flourishes for several interacting reasons, such as medical needs, poverty and criminality. Other factors are fundamental conceptual structures such as the dream of the regenerative body as well as the view of the body as an object of utility and an object of value. The article aims to go behind the normative discussions that usually surround organ trafficking. Why this is happening, and what the societal consequences are, is examined through ethnographic fieldwork. The focus is on the shadow economies that govern existence and in which people, goods, weapons, money, bodies, etc. constitute components of the global market.


Subject(s)
Commerce/organization & administration , Living Donors/legislation & jurisprudence , Tissue and Organ Procurement/organization & administration , Anthropology, Cultural , Commerce/economics , Commerce/legislation & jurisprudence , Crime , Global Health , Government Regulation , Health Policy , Humans , Israel , Living Donors/ethics , Moldova , Tissue and Organ Procurement/economics , Tissue and Organ Procurement/legislation & jurisprudence , Transplants/economics , Transplants/ethics
8.
Eur. j. anat ; 16(1): 1-21, ene. 2012.
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-107597

ABSTRACT

Previously, we have reported on the legal and ethical aspects and current practice of body donation in several European countries, reflecting cultural and religious variations as well as different legal and constitutional frameworks. We have also established good practice in body donation. Here we shall further extend the legal and ethical frameworks in place and also focus on novelties in the law and different directives. Of particular interest are points that address the commercialization of human bodies and body parts and weaknesses in the legal directives. Therefore, it is important to define what is ethical and what needs to be considered unethical in body donation and the subsequent utilisation of human bodies for teaching and research (AU)


No disponible


Subject(s)
Humans , Tissue and Organ Procurement/ethics , Tissue and Organ Procurement/legislation & jurisprudence , Transplants/ethics , Tissue Donors/ethics , Tissue Donors/legislation & jurisprudence , Bioethical Issues , European Union
14.
Ann Acad Med Singap ; 38(4): 354-5, 2009 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19434339

ABSTRACT

In the past 50 years, organ transplantation has developed from an improbable laboratory exercise to a major therapeutic success. The surgical problems of organ grafting have, for the most part, been solved. Rejection of grafts is now partially understood and usually controllable by powerful immunosuppressive drugs. A steady improvement in patient outcome, especially following the introduction of cyclosporin as an immunosuppressive agent has resulted in a worldwide shortage of organs for transplantation. This has provoked serious ethical dilemmas in every country. These matters are summarised in the following text.


Subject(s)
Biomedical Research , Transplants , Cyclosporine/pharmacology , Graft Rejection/drug therapy , Graft Rejection/prevention & control , Humans , Immunosuppression Therapy , Immunosuppressive Agents/pharmacology , Transplants/ethics
16.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2009. 121 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-545038

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho teve por objetivo investigar as representações sociais construídas pelos familiares que, após a morte de seus parentes, ofereceram seus órgãos e tecidos para transplantes. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo utilizando como instrumento a entrevista semidirigida, também conhecida pela comunidade científica como pesquisa semiestruturada.Foram entrevistados nove familiares de doadores mortos, um doador vivo e um receptor de órgãos. Dois sentidos emergiram no estudo de campo: um ligado à ideia de vida e outro ligado à ideia de morte. No primeiro, estão as percepções da doação como cura, solidariedade,continuidade e altruísmo; no segundo ocorre principalmente a questão da fragmentação do corpo. Assim, com esta pesquisa foi possível concluir que se as pessoas em vida pudessem falar livremente aos seus familiares sobre seu desejo de serem doadoras, poderiam de certa forma facilitar aos seus familiares a decisão em doar os órgãos no difícil momento da morte.Todos os indivíduos entrevistados neste trabalho expressaram que este fator foi determinante no momento da decisão e tornou a decisão menos estressante. Refletir sobre doação de órgãos no cotidiano permite que o tema saia do anonimato e adentre tanto nas redes de apoio social quanto em instituições hospitalares e de saúde, a ponto de facilitar a decisão posterior de familiares.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Adaptation, Psychological , Directed Tissue Donation/ethics , Tissue Donors/psychology , Family Relations , Transplants/ethics
18.
Cir. plást. ibero-latinoam ; 34(2): 83-88, abr.-jun. 2008. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-66786

ABSTRACT

La cobertura de la mano es un desafío para el cirujano plástico, debido a las múltiples opciones disponibles. El colgajo interóseo posterior de base distal es una de las opciones más útiles para la reconstrucción de esta clase de defectos. Sin embargo, debido a su inconstante anatomía vascular pueden acontecer problemas en su disección. Las variaciones anatómicas son bien conocidas y son básicamente de dos tipos: la ausencia de anastomosis distal con la arteria interósea anterior o la hipoplasia aplasia en el tercio distal del antebrazo de la arteria interósea posterior, provocando un porcentaje relativamente alto de necrosis parcial, que puede acarrear un fallo en la cobertura de esta zona. Con objeto de prevenir un resultado desfavorable, hemos usado un colgajo interóseo posterior en forma de transferencia libre para el tratamiento quirúrgico de una mujer que fue remitida a nuestro Servicio con un defecto de 7 x 7 cm de diámetro en el dorso de lamino izquierda (AU)


Hand coverage is a challenge for plastic surgeons, because there are many therapeutic options available. The distally based posterior interosseous artery flap is one of the most useful elections for reconstruction of this defect. However, we can find problems in dissecting the flap due to an inconstant vascular anatomy. Anatomical variants are well known and they can be of two types: the absence of the distal anastomosis with the anterior interosseous artery and the hypoplasia or aplasia of the middle third of the posteriorinterosseous artery, with a relatively high rate of partial flap loss which may result in coverage failure. In order to prevent an unsuccessful flap harvest, we have used an interosseous free flap for a woman with a 7 x7 cm defect in the dorsum of her left hand (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Hand/anatomy & histology , Hand/blood supply , Hand/innervation , Hand/surgery , Hand/transplantation , Transplants/ethics , Transplants/trends , Transplants , Wounds and Injuries/complications , Wounds and Injuries/rehabilitation , Wounds and Injuries/surgery , Suture Techniques/instrumentation , Suture Techniques
20.
Swiss Med Wkly ; 137 Suppl 155: 151S-156S, 2007 03 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17874523

ABSTRACT

The main ethical problem of organ transplantation is the shortage of transplantable organs. The substitute strategies currently under discussion endanger frust in transplantion medicine and thereby increase the problem. Thus ethically preferable alternatives to overcome the shortage are suggested.


Subject(s)
Transplants/ethics , Transplants/supply & distribution , Artificial Organs , Ethics, Clinical , Humans , Informed Consent , Living Donors , Transplantation, Heterologous , Transplants/statistics & numerical data
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