ABSTRACT
Steroid-induced psychosis is a known serious adverse effect seen commonly in adults but less commonly in children. We present a seven-year-old girl with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome who developed abnormal behaviour, trichotillomania, alopecia and mood changes. She was investigated to rule out other causes and treated with tapering steroids, fluoxetine and olanzapine. A marked improvement was noted after two months. Patients on long term or high dose steroids should be monitored for adverse psychological effects of steroids, as early recognition and intervention can improve the outcome.
Subject(s)
Nephrotic Syndrome , Trichotillomania , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Nephrotic Syndrome/chemically induced , Nephrotic Syndrome/diagnosis , Nephrotic Syndrome/drug therapy , Steroids , Trichotillomania/chemically induced , Trichotillomania/diagnosis , Trichotillomania/drug therapyABSTRACT
Los fármacos estimulantes se usan, habitualmente, en la población pediátrica para tratar el trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad, y sus efectos secundarios están bien descritos. Sin embargo, la tricotilomanía no aparece como uno de ellos. En la literatura, hay algunos casos publicados de tricotilomanía en relación con la administración de metilfenidato y dextroanfetamina. Se presentan dos casos de tricotilomanía de nueva aparición en niños en seguimiento en nuestro Centro por déficit de atención e hiperactividad y en tratamiento con fármacos psicoestimulantes (metilfenidato y lisdexanfetamina), como probable efecto adverso de estos.
Stimulant drugs are commonly used in pediatric population in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and their side effects are well described, however trichotillomania does not appear as one of them. In the literature we found some published cases of trichotillomania in relation to methylphenidate and dextroamphetamine. We present two cases of new-onset trichotillomania in children followed up in our center by attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and treated with psychostimulant drugs (methylphenidate and lisdexamfetamine), as a probable adverse effect of this treatment
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Trichotillomania/chemically induced , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy , Central Nervous System Stimulants/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Stimulant drugs are commonly used in pediatric population in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and their side effects are well described, however trichotillomania does not appear as one of them. In the literature we found some published cases of trichotillomania in relation to methylphenidate and dextroamphetamine. We present two cases of new-onset trichotillomania in children followed up in our center by attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and treated with psychostimulant drugs (methylphenidate and lisdexamfetamine), as a probable adverse effect of this treatment.
Los fármacos estimulantes se usan, habitualmente, en la población pediátrica para tratar el trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad, y sus efectos secundarios están bien descritos. Sin embargo, la tricotilomanía no aparece como uno de ellos. En la literatura, hay algunos casos publicados de tricotilomanía en relación con la administración de metilfenidato y dextroanfetamina. Se presentan dos casos de tricotilomanía de nueva aparición en niños en seguimiento en nuestro Centro por déficit de atención e hiperactividad y en tratamiento con fármacos psicoestimulantes (metilfenidato y lisdexanfetamina), como probable efecto adverso de estos.
Subject(s)
Central Nervous System Stimulants/adverse effects , Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate/adverse effects , Methylphenidate/adverse effects , Trichotillomania/chemically induced , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy , Central Nervous System Stimulants/therapeutic use , Child , Humans , Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate/therapeutic use , Male , Methylphenidate/therapeutic useSubject(s)
Benzothiazoles/adverse effects , Dopamine Agonists/adverse effects , Indans/adverse effects , Indoles/adverse effects , Self-Injurious Behavior/chemically induced , Self-Injurious Behavior/complications , Trichotillomania/chemically induced , Trichotillomania/complications , Drug Therapy, Combination/adverse effects , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors/adverse effects , PramipexoleSubject(s)
Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors/adverse effects , Trichotillomania/chemically induced , Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Atomoxetine Hydrochloride/administration & dosage , Atomoxetine Hydrochloride/adverse effects , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy , Child , Humans , MaleSubject(s)
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/complications , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy , Methylphenidate/adverse effects , Methylphenidate/therapeutic use , Trichotillomania/chemically induced , Trichotillomania/complications , Central Nervous System Stimulants/adverse effects , Central Nervous System Stimulants/therapeutic use , Child , Delayed-Action Preparations/adverse effects , Delayed-Action Preparations/therapeutic use , Humans , MaleSubject(s)
Autism Spectrum Disorder/drug therapy , Central Nervous System Stimulants/adverse effects , Methylphenidate/adverse effects , Trichotillomania/chemically induced , Central Nervous System Stimulants/administration & dosage , Child , Delayed-Action Preparations , Humans , Male , Methylphenidate/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Trichotillomania (TTM) is a mental disorder characterized by uncontrolled and impulsive hair pulling leading to hair loss, distress, and disordered functioning. Treatment choices include behavioral therapy (especially habit reversal training) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. However, randomized controlled trials conducted with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have led to controversial results of effectiveness for TTM. Here, we report a female patient whose TTM symptoms increased after fluoxetine use.
Subject(s)
Fluoxetine/adverse effects , Trichotillomania/chemically induced , Child , Female , Humans , Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/adverse effectsABSTRACT
A prior report described the presentation of cocaine-induced trichotillomania, which resolved with the cessation of cocaine use. Here the authors describe the case of stimulant-induced trichotillomania that resolved with the discontinuation of stimulants and initiation of olanzapine. To the authors' knowledge this is the first reported adult case of stimulant-induced trichotillomania. The case is of a patient with a previous diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder whose symptoms of trichotillomania coincide with abuse of amphetamine and with the resolution of symptoms in the absence of amphetamine use. Given the increase in exposure of prescription amphetamines among adults, further study into the association between stimulants and adverse events such as trichotillomania is needed.
Subject(s)
Amphetamine/adverse effects , Central Nervous System Stimulants/adverse effects , Trichotillomania/chemically induced , Adult , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Since the introduction of levodopa therapy and dopaminergic replacement therapy to abate symptoms of idiopathic Parkinson's disease, repetitive compulsive behaviors have been reported and are now considered to be drug-related response complications. As dopamine (DA) agonists are the licensed treatment in Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS), a survey was conducted to determine the extent to which patients with RLS present compulsive behaviors. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between DA agonists and the occurrence of motor or behavioral compulsions, stress, depression, and sleep disturbance in RLS patients. A questionnaire was mailed three times, at four-month intervals over a period of 8 months to all patients of the Quebec Memory and Motor Skills Disorders Clinic diagnosed with RLS. In addition to recording all medication information for RLS treatment, patients were assessed on the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group Rating Scale (IRLS), the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), the Sleep Scale from the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) and on a visual analog scale for current level of stress. A section pertaining to hobby, mania, and compulsion was also included. Analyses are based on 97 out of 151 patients (64.2%) with RLS who returned the three questionnaires. Twelve patients (12.4%) on stable DA agonist therapy (average dose 0.52+/-0.59 mg Pramipexole equivalent) developed a new compulsive behavioral repertoire. Eating (3 women, 1 man), buying food or clothes (2 women, 1 man), trichotillomania (1 woman, 1 man), and gambling (1man) were among the compulsions developed under DA treatment. In addition, two women presented new tic-like phenomena. In contrast to the RLS patients without compulsive behaviors (53 treated with DA agonist; 32 untreated), those with compulsive habits reported experiencing more stress, depression and sleep problems. Patients with RLS with mood and stress states may be at greater risk of developing compulsive behaviors while receiving standard dosage DA agonist treatment. These behaviors are clearly linked to short-term satisfaction and underline the role of dopaminergic mesolimbic stimulation in the reinforcement process of rewarding behavioral sequences.
