Bacterial communities of three plant species from Pb-Zn contaminated sites and plant-growth promotional benefits of endophytic Microbacterium sp. (strain BXGe71).

The endophytic bacterial community of two hyperaccumulators (Arabis alpine, Dysphania ambrosioides) and Veronica ciliate was investigated by Illumina sequencing technology. In addition, the culturable endophytic bacteria (EB) were isolated and their plant-growth promotion capabilities were studied. A dataset consisting of 221,075 filtered high-quality and classifiable unique 16S rDNA gene tags, and an average of 36,846 tags with a mean length of 464-bp for each sample was generated. In total, 10801 different operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were detected, belonging to 18 bacterial phyla, 41 classes, 91 orders, 135 families, and 215 genera. Pseudomonas was the most dominant genus in both shoots and roots of the two hyperaccumulators, making up 81.56% and 81.13%, 41.60% and 77.06% of the total number of OTUs, respectively. However, both Chao 1 and Shannon indices of EB of the two hyperaccumulators were significantly lower than those of V. ciliate (P <. 05), except the Shannon index of D. ambrosioides shoots. The endophytic bacterial community of roots and shoots of A. alpine showed greater similarity with that of D. ambrosioides roots (12 km away), and clustered to one group in dendrogram, in clear contrast to that of V. ciliate, which grew closer to A. alpine (60 m away). Combining results of soil and plant analyses, we suggest that the soil properties, especially heavy metal concentration, may influence the plants endophytic bacterial community composition. Pot experiments showed that the strain BXGe71 (Microbacterium sp.) from A. alpine significantly enhanced host plants' growth under multi-heavy metal (HM) stress (P < .05, t-test).

The efficiency of adjuvants combined with flupyrsulfuron-methyl plus metsulfuron-methyl (Lexus XPE) on weed control.

This paper presents the results of laboratory tests on a selection of weeds (Viola arvensis, Polygonum persicaria, Chamomilla recutita, Chenopodium album, Veronica persicaria, Alopecurus myosusroides) to investigate the efficiency of flupyrsulfuron-methyl plus metsutfuronmethyl (Lexus XPE) in combination with different adjuvants. The efficiency of the herbicide improved in combination of adjuvants. The level of phytotoxicity of the adjuvants-herbicide treatments appllied varied among the different weed species.

Comparative efficacy of five herbicides on winter cereal weeds in semi-arid region of Algeria.

Field chemical control trials on cereal weeds were conducted in the Sétif region (north-east of Algeria), using five herbicides. The most abundant weeds were Fumaria densiflora DC., Veronica cymbalaria Bodard, Vaccaria pyramidata Medik, and Papaver rhoeas L.. The herbicides applied at the end-tillering stage of wheat were bromoxynil + diclofop-methyl, flamprop-isopropyl + MCPA, 2,4-D ester, diclofop-methyl and tribenuron-methyl. Compared to the untreated control, they increased grain yield by 359, 294, 216, 174 and 417 kg ha-1, respectively. These results showed the importance of the chemical control, which is applied in the Sétif region on less than 5% of the total surface of cereals.