ABSTRACT
Leptospirosis is one of the most widespread zoonoses in the world, and its most severe form in humans, "Weil's disease," may lead to jaundice, hemorrhage, renal failure, pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome, and sometimes,fatal multiple organ failure. Although the mechanisms underlying jaundice in leptospirosis have been gradually unraveled, the pathophysiology and distribution of leptospires during the early stage of infection are not well understood. Therefore, we investigated the hamster leptospirosis model, which is the accepted animal model of human Weil's disease, by using an in vivo imaging system to observe the whole bodies of animals infected with Leptospira interrogans and to identify the colonization and growth sites of the leptospires during the early phase of infection. Hamsters, infected subcutaneously with 104 bioluminescent leptospires, were analyzed by in vivo imaging, organ culture, and microscopy. The results showed that the luminescence from the leptospires spread through each hamster's body sequentially. The luminescence was first detected at the injection site only, and finally spread to the central abdomen, in the liver area. Additionally, the luminescence observed in the adipose tissue was the earliest detectable compared with the other organs, indicating that the leptospires colonized the adipose tissue at the early stage of leptospirosis. Adipose tissue cultures of the leptospires became positive earlier than the blood cultures. Microscopic analysis revealed that the leptospires colonized the inner walls of the blood vessels in the adipose tissue. In conclusion, this is the first study to report that adipose tissue is an important colonization site for leptospires, as demonstrated by microscopy and culture analyses of adipose tissue in the hamster model of Weil's disease.
Subject(s)
Adipose Tissue/parasitology , Leptospira interrogans/pathogenicity , Leptospirosis/pathology , Leptospirosis/parasitology , Animals , Cricetinae , Disease Models, Animal , Female , Luminescent Measurements , Microscopy, Electron, Transmission , Microscopy, Fluorescence , Weil Disease/parasitologySubject(s)
Leptospirosis/transmission , Weil Disease/transmission , Agricultural Workers' Diseases/diagnosis , Agricultural Workers' Diseases/etiology , Agricultural Workers' Diseases/parasitology , Animals , Animals, Domestic , Animals, Wild , Disease Vectors , Humans , Leptospirosis/diagnosis , Leptospirosis/parasitology , Weil Disease/diagnosis , Weil Disease/parasitologyABSTRACT
Las fiebres recurrentes son producidas por espiroquetas del genero Borrelia y transmitidas a otros por garrapatas y piojos. Nosotros hemos estudiado la sensibilidad y especificidad de un micrometodo de concentracion para el diagnostico de la Borreliosis en sangre. Se tomo sangre de ratones que fueron inoculados previamente con una cepa de Borrelia de origen humano. Tubos de micro-hematocrito fueron llenados con sangre, centrifugados y observados a traves del microscopio. La observacion se realiza en la interface de los globulos rojos y el plasma. El micrometodo se muestra mas sensible cuando los niveles de bacteremia son bajos
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Borrelia Infections , Relapsing Fever/diagnosis , Borrelia/pathogenicity , Hematocrit/methods , Cerebrospinal Fluid/parasitology , Urine/parasitology , Weil Disease/microbiology , Weil Disease/parasitologyABSTRACT
During 1981, 265 bovine abortions were investigated by serological and histological methods for evidence of leptospiral infection. Leptospires were demonstrated in the tissues of 10 foetuses by a Levaditi silver impregnation technique. Serological testing of maternal sera indicated that Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo was associated with 5 of the abortions while the remaining 5 were due to L. interrogans serovar pomona infection. In cases of abortion associated with L. interrogans serovar hardjo leptospires were readily demonstrated in foetal liver, kidney, intestine and heart. They were demonstrated less often in lung and placenta and could not be found in foetal brain. Autolysis did not appear to interfere with the demonstration of leptospires by silver impregnation. No lesions attributable to leptospiral infection were seen in placentas but mild interstitial nephritis was found in some of the foetuses. Fourteen other cows had serological evidence of recent leptospiral infection but leptospires were not detected in foetal tissues. Histological examination of silver impregnated foetal tissues in combination with the microscopic agglutination test was shown to be an effective method for diagnosing abortion associated with L. interrogans serovar hardjo in cattle.
