ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 19 (Covid-19) poses a huge threat to health systems and economies worldwide. So far, there has been no proven effective treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Various potential therapies, viz., immunomodulatory agents, antiviral therapy, and plasma transfusion, are undergoing clinical trials. An intensive search of the medical corpora revealed that low dose X-ray radiation therapy has been used in the past to treat interstitial pneumonia. In this article we explore a historical background of low-dose X-rays for the treatment of pneumonia and how it could be a promising therapy in treating patients with COVID-19.
Subject(s)
COVID-19/radiotherapy , X-Ray Therapy/methods , History, 20th Century , Humans , Radiotherapy Dosage , X-Ray Therapy/historyABSTRACT
Contact X ray brachytherapy 50 kVp was initiated in the 1930s with the Siemens unit and popularized with the Philips unit in the 1950s. A renaissance was seen in the early 2000s with the Intrabeam™ unit for breast IORT. Presently the Papillon™ systems thanks to its high dose rate (>10Gy/mn) can be used to treat breast (IORT), skin, eyelid and rectal cancers. Future developments are expected to consolidate the place of contact radiotherapy as a safe and efficient treatment for accessible early tumors.
Subject(s)
Brachytherapy/history , X-Ray Therapy/history , Brachytherapy/instrumentation , Brain Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Breast Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Equipment Design/history , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Humans , Radiotherapy Dosage , Rectal Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Skin Neoplasms/radiotherapy , X-Ray Therapy/instrumentationABSTRACT
Until the early 20thcentury enucleation of the eyeball or its partial excision were the basic treatments for ocular cancer. The discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (1845-1923) offered new possibilities to the treatment of ocular cancer either as mono or as adjuvant therapy. Nowdays this treatment is more sophisticated.
Subject(s)
Eye Neoplasms/history , Eye Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Radiation Oncology/history , X-Ray Therapy/history , X-Ray Therapy/instrumentation , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Humans , X-RaysABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , History, 19th Century , Aortography/history , Spain , X-Rays , X-Ray Therapy/history , Blood Vessels/cytology , Societies/history , Aortography , X-Ray Therapy , Blood Vessels/anatomy & histology , Societies/ethicsSubject(s)
Cosmetics/history , Lead/history , Beauty , Cosmetics/chemistry , History, 15th Century , History, 16th Century , History, 17th Century , History, 18th Century , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , History, Ancient , History, Medieval , Humans , Radium/history , X-Ray Therapy/historyABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Análisis del método de diagnóstico de los rayos X adoptado por el Cuerpo de Sanidad de la Armada en los últimos años del siglo XIX y de los apoyos científicos, legales e institucionales. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Memorias clínicas apuntando la necesidad de creación de gabinetes radiológicos en los hospitales de la marina; documentos rescatados de los fondos del Archivo General de la Marina (Viso del Marqués, Ciudad Real). Reglamentos, legislación y apoyos del gobierno. Estudios científicos con los pros y los contras de la técnica diagnóstica de la radiología naciente. RESULTADOS: Demanda y adopción de esta técnica y su aplicación a la asistencia sanitaria en el ámbito castrense y su extensión a la población civil. Primeros pasos de los rayos X en España. CONCLUSIÓN: Implantación de la radiología como método diagnóstico en los hospitales y en los barcos de la Armada, dentro del contexto de la ciencia en España a finales del siglo XIX y comienzos del XX
OBJECTIVE: Analysis of the X-ray diagnose method adopted by the Navy Health Corps in the last few years of the 19th century and its scientific, legal and institutional support. Material and METHOD: Clinic reports referring the need to create X-ray consulting rooms in Navy hospitals; documents retrieved from the General Navy Archive (Viso del Marqués, Ciudad Real), regulations, legislation and government support. Scientific research evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of the newly- born radio diagnosis technique. RESULTS: Demand and adoption of this technique, its medical use in the military realm, and its subsequent extension to civil population. First steps of X-rays in Spain. CONCLUSION: Implementation of radiology as a diagnosis method in Navy hospitals and ships within the context of Spanish science by the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th
Subject(s)
History, 19th Century , X-Rays , X-Ray Therapy/history , Military Medicine/methods , Military Medicine/trends , Spain/epidemiology , Scientific Domains , Military Personnel/psychology , Naval Medicine/history , Naval Medicine/legislation & jurisprudence , Naval Medicine/methodsABSTRACT
The discovery of X rays in 1895 captivated society like no other scientific advance. Radiation instantly became the subject not only of numerous scientific papers but also of circus bazaars, poetry, fiction, costume design, comics, and marketing for household items. Its spread was "viral." What is not well known, however, is its incorporation into visual art, despite the long tradition of medicine and surgery as a subject in art. Using several contemporary search methods, we identified 5 examples of paintings or sculpture that thematically feature radiation therapy. All were by artists with exhibited careers in art: Georges Chicotot, Marcel Duchamp, David Alfaro Siqueiros, Robert Pope, and Cookie Kerxton. Each artist portrays radiation differently, ranging from traditional healer, to mysterious danger, to futuristic propaganda, to the emotional challenges of undergoing cancer therapy. This range captures the complex role of radiation as both a therapy and a hazard. Whereas some of these artists are now world famous, none of these artworks are as well known as their surgical counterparts. The penetration of radiation into popular culture was rapid and pervasive; yet, its role as a thematic subject in art never fully caught on, perhaps because of a lack of understanding of the technology, radiation's intangibility, or even a suppressive effect of society's ambivalent relationship with it. These 5 artists have established a rich foundation upon which pop culture and art can further develop with time to reflect the extraordinary progress of modern radiation therapy.
Subject(s)
Medicine in the Arts , Paintings/history , Radiation Oncology/history , X-Ray Therapy/history , Folklore/history , History, 20th Century , Humans , Medicine in Literature , Neoplasms/history , Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Posters as Topic , Radium/history , Radium/therapeutic useABSTRACT
This article provides a historical assessment of the role of X-ray therapy in the treatment of bronchial asthma. This analysis revealed that X-ray therapy in the treatment of bronchial asthma spanned the first six decades of the 20th century, and involved nearly 6,000 patients in published clinical case studies. Patients selected typically had at least moderate to severe asthma and were refractory to other commonly employed treatments. The results of more than 60 studies indicated that about 70% of patients had rapid and marked reductions in clinical symptoms with about half of these patients showing complete symptom relief. The duration of the beneficial responses was variable but was approximately 1-6 months for about 50% of the benefited patients, and between 1 to 4 years for the upper 25% of benefited patients. The use of X rays to treat such patients fell into disfavor during the 1950s due to mounting concerns over possible enhanced risks of cancer that coincided with the discoveries and use of antihistamine medications, antibiotics and the methyl xanthine bronchodilators aminophylline and theophylline.
Subject(s)
Asthma/drug therapy , Asthma/radiotherapy , X-Ray Therapy/history , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Asthma/history , Histamine Antagonists/therapeutic use , History, 20th Century , Humans , Theophylline/therapeutic use , Xanthines/therapeutic useABSTRACT
This article assesses the therapeutic efficacy of ionizing radiation for the treatment of shoulder tendonitis/bursitis in the USA over the period of its use (human 1936-1961; veterinary 1954-1974). Results from ~3,500 human cases were reported in the clinical case studies over 30 articles, and indicated a high treatment efficacy (>90 %) for patients. Radiotherapy was effective with a single treatment. The duration of treatment effectiveness was prolonged, usually lasting until the duration of the follow-up period (i.e., 1-5 years). Therapeutic effectiveness was reduced for conditions characterized as chronic. Similar findings were reported with race horses in the veterinary literature. These historical findings are consistent with clinical studies over the past several decades in Germany, which have used more rigorous study designs and a broader range of clinical evaluation parameters. Radiotherapy treatment was widely used in the mid twentieth century in the USA, but was abandoned following the discovery of anti-inflammatory drugs and the fear of radiation-induced cancer. That X-ray treatment could be an effective means of treating shoulder tendonitis/bursitis, as a treatment option, and is essentially unknown by the current medical community. This paper is the first comprehensive synthesis of the historical use of X-rays to treat shoulder tendonitis/bursitis and its efficacy in the USA.
Subject(s)
Bursitis/radiotherapy , Shoulder Joint/radiation effects , Shoulder Pain/radiotherapy , Tendinopathy/radiotherapy , Animals , Bursitis/history , Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Horse Diseases/history , Horse Diseases/radiotherapy , Horses , Humans , Lameness, Animal/history , Lameness, Animal/radiotherapy , Shoulder Pain/history , Tendinopathy/history , Treatment Outcome , X-Ray Therapy/history , X-Ray Therapy/veterinaryABSTRACT
Robert Kienböck is best remembered for his publication "Concerning traumatic malacia of the lunate and it's consequences" in 1910. However, this is only one of 250 publications, an eight volume edition on radiology and his uncountable presentations to the scientific world. He also was an inventor and entrepreneur and the first president of the Austrian Röntgen Society.
Subject(s)
Lunate Bone , Osteonecrosis/history , Radiography/history , Austria , Female , History, 20th Century , Humans , Male , Osteonecrosis/diagnostic imaging , Osteonecrosis/therapy , X-Ray Therapy/historyABSTRACT
The aim of this article is to present briefly the accidental genesis of x-ray therapy that during its first application provoked great expectations and euphoria, soon followed by difficulties and disappointments due to the abuse of radiation and to the inexperience of the first radiotherapists. Nowadays, the use of radiotherapy is restricted to certain types of cancer with excellent treatment results and with less adverse effects.
Subject(s)
Radiation Oncology/history , X-Ray Therapy/history , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , HumansABSTRACT
Grenz ray therapy has declined in the United States during the past several decades with respect to availability, use, and resident training. However, it remains a simple, affordable, and effective option for managing several refractory dermatoses, especially psoriasis, hand eczema, and allergic contact dermatitis. Though high-dose grenz irradiation has been associated with the development of nonmelanoma skin cancers, grenz ray therapy is considered a safe treatment modality when administered according to the guidelines recommended herein. We review the value of grenz irradiation in contemporary dermatology.
Subject(s)
Skin Diseases/radiotherapy , Skin Neoplasms/etiology , X-Ray Therapy/methods , Clinical Trials as Topic , Dermatology/trends , Eczema/radiotherapy , History, 20th Century , Humans , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Psoriasis/radiotherapy , X-Ray Therapy/adverse effects , X-Ray Therapy/history , X-Ray Therapy/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
En este artículo se hace una revisión general de la contribución de la oncología radioterápica a la disciplina de la oncología. Se detalla en diversos apartados como son las aportaciones en el campo de los avances tecnológicos, los avances en radiobiología que han permitido mejorar el índice terapéutico y la asociación con fármacos antineoplásicos en esquemas de radioquimioterapia. Finalmente se destacan los progresos futuros en la utilización de irradiación con hadrones (protones, iones acelerados, etc) y la sinergia terapéutica con fármacos dirigidos a las nuevas dianas moleculares (AU)
This article offers a general overview of Radiotherapy Oncology´s contribution to Oncology, with detail insight into the aspects of technological improvements, breakthrough improvements in radiobiology that have raised therapeutic standards, and the association of antineoplasic drugs in radiochemotheerapy programmes (AU)
