Detrusor morphology and pathology in relation to bladder outflow obstruction in bilharzial patients.

The light and electron microscopic structure of detrusor muscle of trabeculated urinary bladder from patients with urodynamically proved bilharzial outflow obstruction had been compared with normal detrusor muscle. In bilharzial outflow obstruction, the detrusor muscle bundles were formed of relatively smaller smooth muscle cells widely separated by dense connective tissue, fatty infiltration, bilharzial ova, inflammatory cells and hyalinosis. No evidence of smooth muscle hyperplasia, mitosis, or fibroblastic proliferation. At the level of electron microscopy. The connective tissue infiltration was proved to be microfibriles apparently in continuity of the basal lamina of the smooth muscle. These pathological changes can explain both the morphological and urodynamic changes in bilharzial urinary bladder outflow obstruction.

Diagnostic value of DNA content in keratosis and adult papilloma of the larynx.

Nuclear DNA content of laryngeal epithelial cells in smears was carried out by DNA cytometry with automatic microscope and T.V. image analysis system in 6 adult papilloma and 10 keratosis of the larynx patients. The method had high degree of precision confirmed by whole tissue biopsy and serial sections. The method is non invasive and allows fair diagnosis of suspicious and early malignant cases.

Extruded and protruded lumbar discs: combined clinical, histopathological, histochemical, immunopathological, histochemical, immunopathological and ultrastructural studies.

A total number of selected 252 patients with prolapsed lumbar intervertebral discs (92 extruded and 160 protruded) were operated upon in Neurosurgery Department Zagazig University Hospital during the period extended from January, 1988, to October 1990. In this study we reviewed their clinical and operative data. Surgical biopsies were taken from randomly selected 120 patients of them (50 extruded and 70 protruded discs) and were subjected to histopathological, histochemical and immunopathological studies. Ultrastructural study was performed for randomly selected 14 cases (7 extruded and 7 protruded discs). The results were compared with 7 normal intervertebral discs obtained from these studies showed that there were no differences between extruded and protruded discs at the histochemical level. Cell mediated immunity could be added as a factor in the pathogenesis of the degenerative process that lead to disc prolapse (in 20% of cases with extruded discs and 57.1% of cases with protruded discs). At the ultrastructural level 85.3% of extruded discs were prolapsed nucleus pulposus while 14.7% were prolapsed annulus fibrosus alone or with nucleus pulposus. All protruded discs were prolapsed annulus fibrosus with nucleus pulposus. These findings may have an impact on the management of this common problem.

The histopathological picture of concomitant infection with Leishmania major and Toxoplasma gondii in albino mice.

Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. major and toxoplasmosis caused by T. gondii are prevalent among man and animals in several localities in Egypt particularly in the Nile Delta and Sinai. Double infection may take place. In this paper, it was intended to study the concomitant infection in albino mice. The results showed that the clinical and histopathological pictures differ in concomitant infection from that shown by infection with either parasite alone. Therefore leishmaniasis and toxoplasmosis must be diagnosed parasitologically.