On statistical evaluation of reverse degree based topological indices for iron telluride networks.

In the context of graph theory and chemical graph theory, this research conducts a detailed mathematical investigation of reverse topological indices as they relate to iron telluride networks, clarifying their complex interactions. Graph theory is a branch of abstract mathematics that carefully studies the connections and structural features of graphs made up of edges and vertices. These theoretical ideas are expanded upon in chemical graph theory, which models molecular architectures with atoms acting as vertices and chemical bonds as edges. By extending these concepts, this work investigates the reverse topological indices in the context of Iron Telluride networks and outlines their significant effects on chemical reactivity, molecular topology and statistical modeling. By navigating intricate mathematical formalisms and algorithmic approaches, the analysis provides profound insights into the reactivity patterns and structural dynamics of Iron Telluride compounds, enhancing our knowledge of solid-state chemistry and materials science.

Anatomical variations of sphenoid sinus in terms of volume and protrusions of optic nerve/internal carotid artery in a subgroup of Pakistani population.

Objective: To compare the volume of sphenoid sinus with protrusions of optic nerve and internal carotid artery in both males and females. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2020 to February 2021 at the Radiology Department of Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, and comprised males and females aged 20-60 years having no sphenoid sinus bony abnormality. Sphenoid volume and optic nerve and internal carotid artery protrusions were examined in the computed tomography scans of the paranasal sinus. Based on the protrusions, the scan findings were split into four groups: Group 1 had no protrusion, Group 2 had optic nerve protrusion, Group 3 had internal carotid artery protrusion, and Group 4 had protrusions of both the optic nerve and the internal carotid artery. Data was analysed using GraphPad Prism 9. RESULTS: Of the 300 subjects, 171(57%) were males and 129(43%) were females. The overall mean age was 39.27±10.9 years. There were 147(49%) subjects in group 4, followed by 72(24%) in group 3, 42(14%) in group 2 and 39(13%) in group 1. Statistically significant difference was observed between sphenoid volume across the study groups for both male and female subjects (p<0.001). Conclusion: There was significant relationship between internal carotid artery and optic nerve protrusions and sphenoid volume.

Topological indices and patterns in iron telluride networks.

This paper explores the complex interplay between topological indices and structural patterns in networks of iron telluride (FeTe). We want to analyses and characterize the distinct topological features of (FeTe) by utilizing an extensive set of topological indices. We investigate the relationship that these indicators have with the network's physical characteristics by employing sophisticated statistical techniques and curve fitting models. Our results show important trends that contribute to our knowledge of the architecture of the (FeTe) network and shed light on its physiochemical properties. This study advances the area of material science by providing a solid foundation for using topological indices to predict and analyses the behavior of intricate network systems. More preciously, we study the topological indices of iron telluride networks, an artificial substance widely used with unique properties due to its crystal structure. We construct a series of topological indices for iron telluride networks with exact mathematical analysis and determine their distributions and correlations using statistical methods. Our results reveal significant patterns and trends in the network structure when the number of constituent atoms increases. These results shed new light on the fundamental factors that influence material behavior, thus offering a deeper understanding of the iron telluride network and may contribute to future research and engineering of these materials.

A Comprehensive Computed Tomographic Analysis of Pneumatization Pattern of Sphenoid Sinus and Their Association with Protrusion/Dehiscence of Vital Neurovascular Structure in a Pakistani Subgroup.

AIM: To determine the clinically significant association between pneumatization types of the sphenoid sinus (SS) and protrusion/ dehiscence of the optic nerve (ON) and the internal carotid artery (ICA). MATERIAL AND METHODS: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2020 and April 2021 at the Dow Institute of Radiology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi. This study examined 300 computed tomography (CT) PNS patients aged 18-60 years. The forms of SS pneumatization, extent of pneumatization to the greater wing (GW), anterior clinoid process (ACP), and pterygoid process (PP), as well as the protrusion/dehiscence of the ON and ICA were examined. A statistical relationship was identified between pneumatization type and protrusion/dehiscence of the ON and ICA. RESULTS: The study included 171 men and 129 women with an average age of 39.28 ± 10.9 years. The most commonly encountered pneumatization type was postsellar (63.3%), followed by sellar (27.3%), presellar (8.7%), and conchal (0.75%). The most frequent extended pneumatization was observed up to PP (44%), followed by ACP (31.33%), and GW (16.67%). The rate of dehiscence of the ON and ICA was less than that of protrusion of the same structures. The association between postsellar and sellar pneumatization types and protrusion of the ON and ICA was statistically significant (p < 0.001), with the postsellar type showing more protrusions of the ON and ICA than the sellar type. CONCLUSION: The pneumatization type of SS has a significant impact on the protrusion/dehiscence of adjacent vital neurovascular structures and should be mentioned in CT reports to alert surgeons for any disastrous intraoperative complications and outcomes.

Feasibility of a Digital Health Intervention to Improve Diet Quality Among Women With High Blood Pressure: Randomized Controlled Feasibility Trial.

BACKGROUND: Over 100 million individuals have high blood pressure, and more than half of them are women. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary pattern is a proven lifestyle approach to lower blood pressure, yet population-level adherence is poor. Innovative strategies that promote DASH are needed. OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to improve adherence to the DASH diet among women with hypertension or prehypertension. METHODS: We conducted a 3-month randomized controlled feasibility trial comparing app-based diet tracking (active comparator) to app-based diet tracking plus feedback on DASH adherence via text message (intervention). The intervention platform extracted nutrient data from the app, compared it to DASH recommendations, and sent tailored feedback text messages. Outcomes included the number of days participants tracked their diet, changes in their DASH adherence score, and blood pressure. RESULTS: The women (N=59) had a mean age of 49.9 (SD 11.9) years and were primarily non-Hispanic White (41/59, 69%) and college educated (49/59, 83%). The mean baseline DASH score was 2.3 (SD 1.3). At 3 months, the intervention and active comparator participants had similar mean days tracked per week (4.2, SD 2.1 days vs 4.6, SD 2.7 days; P=.54) and mean changes in their DASH score (0.8, 95% CI 0.2-1.5 vs 0.8, 95% CI 0.4-1.2; P=.75). Intervention participants had lower systolic (mean difference: -2.8 mmHg, 95% CI -1.8 to 7.4; P=.23) and diastolic (mean difference: -3.6 mmHg, 95% CI -0.2 to 7.3; P=.07) blood pressure compared with active comparator participants. Most intervention participants (23/29, 79%) said they would recommend the DASH Cloud intervention to a friend or family member. However, only 34% (10/59) indicated that the feedback text messages helped them reach their diet goals. CONCLUSIONS: A digital health intervention to improve DASH adherence is feasible and produces moderately high engagement among women with elevated blood pressure. The intervention did not enhance DASH adherence over diet tracking alone but resulted in greater reductions in blood pressure. Larger studies are needed to determine how digital health interventions can improve population-level adherence to DASH. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03215472; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT03215472.

Innovative recruitment and clinical orientation programme to manage NHS junior doctor shortfall: A district hospital experience.

BACKGROUND: International medical graduates (IMGs) contribute significantly towards the NHS care provision. No standardised clinical orientation programme (COP) for IMGs new to the NHS exists. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to describe recruitment and retention strategies for junior doctors (JDs) in general medicine and develop a framework to anticipate outcomes of these interventions using the realist evaluation methodology. METHODS: We performed quality improvement interventions of recruitment and COP for new entrant IMGs in our organisation employed between December 2017 and April 2019. RESULTS: Twenty-three IMGs were recruited, 96% successfully completed the COP with a mean contract duration of 13±5 months. From the academic year 2017/18 to 2018/19, mean JD post occupancy increased from 54±3 to 73±4 JDs (p<0.001) and JD locum spend fell by £1.9 million. CONCLUSION: Our structured COP provides a stable, trained and financially sustainable JD workforce. Application in broader NHS settings is recommended.

Diazepam fails to alter anxiety-like responses but affects motor function in a white-black test paradigm in larval zebrafish (Danio rerio).

The growing popularity of zebrafish in psychopharmacology and behavioral brain research is partly due to the practicality and simplicity of drug administration in this species. Several drugs may be administered to zebrafish by immersing the fish in the drug solution. Furthermore, numerous drugs developed for mammals, including humans, have been found to show a similar effect profile in the zebrafish. Thus, the zebrafish has been suggested as a potentially useful animal screening tool. Despite decades of drug development, anxiety still represents a major unmet medical need, and the search for anxiolytic compounds is continuing. The zebrafish has been proposed for high throughput screens for anxiolytic compounds, and the effects of anxiolytic compounds on the behavior of zebrafish have started to be explored. Diazepam (Valium®) is a frequently prescribed human anxiolytic, a GABAA receptor agonist, has also started to be tested in zebrafish, but with occasional contradicting results. Here, we investigate the effects of diazepam in larval (6-day post-fertilization old) zebrafish in a black-white preference paradigm. We found significant white preference and thigmotaxis (edge preference) in our control fish, anxiety-like responses that habituated over time. However, unexpectedly, we observed no anxiolytic effects of diazepam on these behaviors, and only detected significant motor activity reducing effect of the drug. We discuss the complex interpretation of light/dark tests in zebrafish, and also speculate about the possibility of differential GABAergic mechanisms that diazepam affects in larval vs adult zebrafish.

Risperidone induced weight gain leading to benign intracranial hypertension.

Benign intracranial hypertension (BIH) is a condition which is strongly associated with weight gain. A well-known potential adverse effect of anti-psychotic treatment, especially the atypical group, is weight gain. Our case describes the use of risperidone in a young obese lady who gained significant weight after commencing the antipsychotic and later developed headache and blurred vision. Withdrawing the offending drug (causing reduction in her weight) in addition to acetazolamide drastically improved her symptoms within a month. Our case highlights that, obese patients started on antipsychotic medication, who develop headache, should be considered for investigation of BIH.