RESUMEN
The induction of antimicrobial activity of a new preparation, an aqueous fraction of water-oil emulsion oxidized by air oxygen, was studied. The effect of various factors (the degree of unsaturation of the initial oil and the content of oil oxidation products in obtained preparation) on the antimicrobial activity was determined. The antimicrobial activity of the preparation was induced by oil oxidation. The preparation produced from sardine Sardinops melanostica oil (33.95% of polyunsaturated fatty acids) displayed the highest antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial activity was shown in water-soluble oil oxidation products.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Aceites de Pescado/química , Animales , Antiinfecciosos/aislamiento & purificación , Peces , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Especificidad de la EspecieRESUMEN
A mixture of water-soluble oxidation products of Sardinops melanosticta sardine oil was found to contain (2E)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal. This was isolated by column chromatography on silica gel and reversed-phase HPLC. Its structure was elucidated by physicochemical methods. The activity of (2E)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal against test cultures of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis was about 20% of the total antimicrobial activity of the preparation.
Asunto(s)
Aldehídos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Aldehídos/química , Aldehídos/aislamiento & purificación , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/aislamiento & purificación , Bacillus subtilis/efectos de los fármacos , Cromatografía en Capa Delgada , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Aceites de Pescado/química , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Estructura Molecular , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
The enzymic hydrolysis of fish with lipases from various sources was studied. The lipase from the fungus Rhizopus microsporus preferentially removes saturated fatty acids, while lipase from the pyloric caeca of salmon unsaturated fatty acids upon hydrolysis of fish fats. The enzymes can be used to obtain fatty products enriched with eicosanopentaenoic acid, mono- and diacylglycerols by enzymic hydrolysis of the ivasi fat.
Asunto(s)
Aceites de Pescado/metabolismo , Lipasa/metabolismo , Animales , Diglicéridos/metabolismo , Ácido Eicosapentaenoico/metabolismo , Glicéridos/metabolismo , Hidrólisis , Rhizopus/enzimología , Triglicéridos/metabolismoRESUMEN
Effect of dietary fish oil obtained from Sardinops Sagax malanosticta on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesions was studied in female Wistar rats with initial weight of 90-100 g. During three weeks, the untreated control group was fed with the basic diet containing 6% butter as a lipid component, while two test groups received olive oil or fish oil 0.2 ml/rat/day) in addition to the basic diet. In the control group, intragastric administration of 1 ml of ethanol (96 degrees) caused acute gross gastric mucosal damage (edema, vascular engorgement, and hemorrhagic erosions) in 14 of 16 rats. Supplement of olive oil decreased the number of rats with ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesions in the group, but did not reduce the ratio of damaged area to the total area of the stomach. In contrast, rats receiving dietary fish oil showed a decrease in both the incidence and extent of mucosal lesions. It has been suggested that the protective effect of dietary fish oil on the gastric mucosa is due to a high content of eicosapentaenoic acid.
Asunto(s)
Etanol/toxicidad , Aceites de Pescado/farmacología , Mucosa Gástrica/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Dieta , Femenino , Aceite de Oliva , Aceites de Plantas/farmacología , Ratas , Ratas EndogámicasRESUMEN
Conditions for transformation of tissue adenosine-5'-monophosphate (AMP) into inosine-5'-monophosphate (IMP) with the aid of endogenic AMP-aminohydrolase are developed resting on the studied properties of AMP-aminohydrolase (EC 3.5.4.6) from saltwater fish muscles (one of the enzymes participating in the nucleotide metabolism). Sorption of the nucleotide is performed on the activated charcoals A gamma-3 A gamma-5 which eluate IMP from acid solutions. It reduces the process of isolation, permits application of the acid wash solutions to remove salts; the alkaline ethyl alcohol-aid elution at the subsequent stages accelerates the process of nucleotide concentration by means of vacuum evaporation. The suggested approaches allow developing a simple method of IMP production from fish tissues which diminishes the cost of preparation.
Asunto(s)
Peces/metabolismo , Inosina Monofosfato/aislamiento & purificación , Nucleótidos de Inosina/aislamiento & purificación , Músculos/análisis , AMP Desaminasa/metabolismo , Adenosina Monofosfato/metabolismo , Animales , Cromatografía en Papel , Cromatografía en Capa Delgada , Hidrólisis , Inosina Monofosfato/metabolismo , Músculos/enzimología , Espectrofotometría UltravioletaRESUMEN
Hypercholesterolemia was experimentally induced in rats which received diets with a high fat content (66% calories) and cholesterol loading (2.5% of ration). The therapeutic effect of lipids isolated from quick-frozen Far East sardines was tested on rats given 500 mg lipids daily. The content of the blood serum lipid fractions in the test animals decreased under the action of the sardines' lipids: the total cholesterol level dropped by 23%, beta-lipoprotein cholesterol by 29%, triglycerides by 15%; the content of beta-lipoproteins became normal. The blood coagulation time was diminished in rats receiving diets with a high content of fat and cholesterol, as compared to that in control animals; and it increased under the action of sardines' lipids. A conclusion has been made on the hypolipidemic property of Far East sardines' lipids that produce a therapeutic effect on the blood lipid metabolism in animals.