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BACKGROUND: Research on the attitudes of Saudi adults towards consanguinity is scarce. The study aimed to explore the attitudes towards consanguinity and its associations with socio-demographic characteristics in a sample of Saudi adults. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire. A total of 386 outpatient waiting-area attendees at King Abdul-Aziz Medical City-Riyadh were included. Participants were asked about their socio-demographic characteristics, attitude towards consanguinity and the reasons behind this. RESULTS: The positive attitude towards consanguinity among the study respondents was 48.1% with 95% confidence interval (42.91-53.33%). Social and traditional culture (59.9%) were found to be the predominant reasons for favoring consanguinity in Saudi Arabia. Evidence against a positive attitude towards consanguinity was noted in respondents who received medical information about consanguinity versus those who had not received medical information (42.3% vs. 57%, p-value = 0.008). According to the multivariate logistic model, the odds of a positive attitude towards consanguinity were 2 times higher for males (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.2; 95% CI: 1.147, 4.290) and 4.1 times higher in respondents in consanguineous marriages (aOR: 4.1; 95% CI: 2.350, 7.156). The odds of a positive attitude towards consanguinity were 50% less in respondents who received health information on consanguinity compared to those who had not received health information about consanguinity (aOR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.253, 0.863). CONCLUSION: One in every two Saudi adults favors consanguinity however, Saudi men and women differ in their attitudes towards consanguinity. Receiving health information on consanguinity was associated with a negative attitude towards this practice.
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OBJECTIVE: To assess Saudi patients' preferences regarding Saudi physicians' attire, and its influence on patients' level of trust and confidence in their physician. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from May to June 2011 among patients waiting to be seen by their physicians from the outpatient medical clinics of King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Patients were asked multiple questions, which included their choice of preference regarding the attire of male and female physicians. Additionally, patients were asked questions related to their preferences regarding their physician's gender, and the influence of physician's appearance on patient confidence. RESULTS: A total of 399 patients were interviewed (231 males, 168 females). The mean age was 37 years. Most of the patients (62%) preferred physicians` formal outfit, which was is defined as; tie, shirt, and trousers. Only 9.7% of the patients preferred national Saudi attire (thoab and shemagh). Most patients (73%) preferred long skirts to be worn by female doctors. Up to 85% of patients preferred the white coat to be worn by physicians. Approximately 50% of the patients expressed no preference regarding the gender of their physicians. Confidence in the physician's competence and experience was not significantly associated with the physician's attire or gender (p=0.238). CONCLUSION: Most patients prefer physicians to wear formal attire, however, the gender of the treating physician was not shown to be of particular importance. In addition, the level of trust in a physician is not related to his/her external appearance.