Sulfated polysaccharides from seaweed as a supplement to Prochilodus brevis sperm freezing medium.

BACKGROUND: Using sulfated polysaccharides (SP) in fish sperm freezing medium promotes cell maintenance. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of different SP concentrations, extracted from two seaweeds (Gracilaria domingensis and Ulva fasciata), as a supplement to the sperm freezing medium of Prochilodus brevis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five semen pools were diluted in a solution composed of 5% glucose, 10 % dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and different SP concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 or 3.0 mg/mL). The samples were cryopreserved and, after 7 days, rewarmed and analyzed for morphology, plasma membrane integrity, DNA integrity, mitochondrial activity and sperm kinetics [total motility, progressive motility, curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight line velocity (VSL), average path velocity (VAP), linearity (LIN), and wobble (WOB)]. RESULTS: There was no interaction between seaweed and SP concentrations. Similar effects were observed with SP extracted from the two seaweeds, regardless of concentration. When comparing the SP concentrations, regardless of the seaweed, 1.0 mg/mL SP showed better results for VCL and VSL. For VAP and WOB, 1.0 mg/mL SP showed better results, but differed from 3.0 mg/mL. LIN followed the same pattern, but differed from SP at 2.5 and 3.0 mg/mL. For progressive motility, 1.0 mg/mL G. domingensis showed superior results compared to the control. For mitochondrial activity, G. domingensis was superior to U. fasciata, regardless of concentration. The lowest concentrations (0.5 and 1.0 mg/mL) showed the best results, regardless of the seaweed. However, the control was superior to all treatments tested. CONCLUSION: G. domingensis SP at the lowest concentrations might be a potential supplement to the P. brevis freezing medium. doi.org/10.54680/fr22210110412.

The effect of glycosaminoglycans, extracted from the skin of tilapia, in the sperm freezing medium of Colossoma macropomum.

BACKGROUND: Sulfated polysaccharides from the skin of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), added to the tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) semen diluting medium, can be potential antioxidants and promote the maintenance of sperm quality. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of different concentrations of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) from the skin of Nile tilapia as a supplement in two cryogenic media for tambaqui semen. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tambaqui males received a single dose of pituitary carp extract. The semen was collected for pool analysis and, later, cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. The pools were diluted and frozen in a solution containing fish-specific powdered coconut water (ACP-104) and 10% DMSO or 5% Glucose and 10% DMSO and supplemented with different concentrations of GAGs. The controls had no GAGs addition. After 45 days, the samples were thawed by immersion in a water bath and evaluated for membrane and DNA integrity, morphology and sperm kinetics. RESULTS: The parameters of linearity (LIN), straightness (STR) and DNA integrity of sperm frozen in 5% Glucose showed better results than ACP-104. For membrane integrity, concentrations of 0 and 1.0 mg/mL were better than 5 mg/mL. Semen motility in 5% Glucose showed superior results at concentrations lower than 5 mg/mL of GAGs. For VCL and VAP, in ACP-104, 3.0 mg/mL exceeded the other treatments. In 5% Glucose, for VCL, 4.0 mg/mL showed the lowest results compared to concentrations of <3.5 mg/mL and, for VAP, it also differed from 4.5 mg/mL CONCLUSION: Therefore, the skin of Nile tilapia has GAGs, in low concentrations, capable of improving the post-thawed sperm quality of tambaqui, especially in 5% Glucose medium.

Use of glucose or BTS™ combined with DMSO or methylglycol under two differentfreezing protocols for the cryopreservation of sperm from the common curimatã(Prochilodus brevis)

This study evaluated the effect of glucose orBeltsville Thawing Solution (BTS™) combined withdimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or methylglycol (MG)under two different freezing protocols on the kineticsand morphology of cryopreserved Prochilodus brevissperm. The semen samples were diluted using one of fourdifferent treatments (glucose+DMSO, glucose+MG,BTS™+DMSO, and BTS™+MG), loaded into 0.25-mlstraws and subjected to two different freezing processes(programmed freezing machine and dry shipper). After10 days, the semen samples were thawed, and the spermmorphology and kinetics were evaluated. Thephysicochemical parameters of the semen in naturawere similar to those observed in other studies ofCharaciformes, indicating the feasibility of semencryopreservation. Glucose, when used as a diluentwith the cryoprotectant MG (glucose+MG), yieldedhigher percentages of mobile spermatozoa afterfreezing in a dry shipper (76.88 ± 4.84%) and in aprogrammed freezing machine (70.95 ± 1.76%)compared with the combination of glucose and DMSO.Moreover, the glucose+MG treatment yielded a highersperm velocity (curvilinear velocity: 79.52 ± 2.88 µm s-1; straight-line velocity: 45.46 ± 3.01 µm s-1; averagepath velocity: 67.92 ± 3.08 µm s-1) than the otherstudied treatments, and a higher amount of normalsperm (74.56 ± 0.77%) was observed in the semensamples cryopreserved using a programmed freezingmachine. The sperm abnormalities observed included abent tail morphology. Therefore, the use ofglucose+MG in combination with either a dry shipper ora programmed freezing machine is recommended forthe cryopreservation of P. brevis sperm because thesemethods yielded high numbers of motile andmorphologically normal spermatozoa.

Use of glucose or BTS™ combined with DMSO or methylglycol under two differentfreezing protocols for the cryopreservation of sperm from the common curimatã(Prochilodus brevis)

This study evaluated the effect of glucose orBeltsville Thawing Solution (BTS™) combined withdimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or methylglycol (MG)under two different freezing protocols on the kineticsand morphology of cryopreserved Prochilodus brevissperm. The semen samples were diluted using one of fourdifferent treatments (glucose+DMSO, glucose+MG,BTS™+DMSO, and BTS™+MG), loaded into 0.25-mlstraws and subjected to two different freezing processes(programmed freezing machine and dry shipper). After10 days, the semen samples were thawed, and the spermmorphology and kinetics were evaluated. Thephysicochemical parameters of the semen in naturawere similar to those observed in other studies ofCharaciformes, indicating the feasibility of semencryopreservation. Glucose, when used as a diluentwith the cryoprotectant MG (glucose+MG), yieldedhigher percentages of mobile spermatozoa afterfreezing in a dry shipper (76.88 ± 4.84%) and in aprogrammed freezing machine (70.95 ± 1.76%)compared with the combination of glucose and DMSO.Moreover, the glucose+MG treatment yielded a highersperm velocity (curvilinear velocity: 79.52 ± 2.88 µm s-1; straight-line velocity: 45.46 ± 3.01 µm s-1; averagepath velocity: 67.92 ± 3.08 µm s-1) than the otherstudied treatments, and a higher amount of normalsperm (74.56 ± 0.77%) was observed in the semensamples cryopreserved using a programmed freezingmachine. The sperm abnormalities observed included abent tail morphology. Therefore, the use ofglucose+MG in combination with either a dry shipper ora programmed freezing machine is recommended forthe cryopreservation of P. brevis sperm because thesemethods yielded high numbers of motile andmorphologically normal spermatozoa.(AU)

Aloe vera na criopreservação do sêmen de tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) / Aloe vera in the cryopreservation of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) sperm

This study aimed to evaluate the extract of Aloe vera (AV) associated or not with 10% Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) in cryopreservation of tambaqui semen. For the formation of the pools (n= 14), 30 males were hormonally induced twice. Each pool had the objective motility, curvilinear velocity, straight-line velocity, average path velocity and morphology analyzed before and after cryopreservation of semen. The means for cryopreservation were constituted of Powder Coconut Water-104 diluent added DMSO and/or AV (5 or 10%). After cryopreservation, motility, velocities and morphology were reduced significantly when compared to fresh semen. For sperm motility the best treatment was that using only DMSO (20,86±8,31) and DMSO + 5% AV (15.71±9.77). For the velocities, the worse treatment was DMSO+10% AV. Treatment with only the addition of DMSO had a significantly higher effect than others on percentage of morphologically normal sperm. The mean correlation found was between motilityand the rate of morphologically normal sperm (r = 0.687). In conclusion, the addition of AV does not provide greater protection for spermatozoa during cryopreservation.

Aloe vera na criopreservação do sêmen de tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) / Aloe vera in the cryopreservation of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) sperm

This study aimed to evaluate the extract of Aloe vera (AV) associated or not with 10% Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) in cryopreservation of tambaqui semen. For the formation of the pools (n= 14), 30 males were hormonally induced twice. Each pool had the objective motility, curvilinear velocity, straight-line velocity, average path velocity and morphology analyzed before and after cryopreservation of semen. The means for cryopreservation were constituted of Powder Coconut Water-104 diluent added DMSO and/or AV (5 or 10%). After cryopreservation, motility, velocities and morphology were reduced significantly when compared to fresh semen. For sperm motility the best treatment was that using only DMSO (20,86±8,31) and DMSO + 5% AV (15.71±9.77). For the velocities, the worse treatment was DMSO+10% AV. Treatment with only the addition of DMSO had a significantly higher effect than others on percentage of morphologically normal sperm. The mean correlation found was between motilityand the rate of morphologically normal sperm (r = 0.687). In conclusion, the addition of AV does not provide greater protection for spermatozoa during cryopreservation(AU)