Share of food group expenditure in Mexican households according to the gender of the head of household and size of the locality.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate differences in the percentage of expenditure on food groups in Mexican households according to the gender of the household head and the size of the locality. DESIGN: Analysis of secondary data from the National Household Income and Expenditure Survey (ENIGH) 2018. We estimated the percentage of expenditure on fifteen food groups according to the gender of the head of household and locality size and evaluated the differences using a two-part model approach. SETTING: Mexico, 2018. PARTICIPANTS: A nationally representative sample of 74 647 Mexican households. RESULTS: Female-headed households allocated a lower share of expenditure to the purchase of sweetened beverages and alcoholic beverages and higher percentages to milk and dairy, fruits and water. In comparison with metropolitan households, households in rural and urban localities spent more on cereals and tubers, sugar and honey, oil and fat and less on food away from home. CONCLUSIONS: Households allocate different percentages of expenditure to diverse food groups according to the gender of the head of the household and the size of the locality where they are located. Future research should focus on understanding the economic and social disparities related to differences in food expenditure, including the gender perspective.

[OBESITY MANAGEMENT IN THE PRIMARY CARE SETTING BY AN INTENSIVE LIFESTYLE INTERVENTION]. / MANEJO DE LA OBESIDAD EN EL PRIMER NIVEL DE ATENCIÓN CON UN PROGRAMA INTENSIVO DE CAMBIO DE ESTILO DE VIDA.

OBJECTIVE: the aim of this study was to compare an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention against Traditional Treatment for obesity management in the primary care setting. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: interventional randomized controlled study with participation of 42 obese adults. Subjects assigned to the Intensive Lifestyle Intervention received a validated behavior change protocol "Group Lifestyle Balance" in 12 sessions, weekly consultations by a nutritionist and meal replacements. Traditional Treatment consisted of monthly consultations with a nutritionist that provided nutritional assessment and physical activity. RESULTS: almost all study participants (97%) were measured after 3 months of intervention. Intensive Lifestyle Intervention and Traditional Treatment subjects showed the following changes in body weight: (Median [25-75th percentile]) (-4.7 kg [-6.5, -3.1]) vs. (+0.4 kg [-0.3, 1.3]). Sixty two percent of Intensive Lifestyle Intervention group participants lost more than 5 % body weight vs. 0 % in the traditional treatment group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: this preliminary evidence showed that an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention can be an effective strategy for obesity management in the primary care setting.

Objetivo: comparar un Programa Intensivo de Cambio de Estilo de Vida con el Tratamiento Tradicional para el manejo de la obesidad en el primer nivel de atención. Sujetos y métodos: estudio de intervención aleatorizado controlado, en el que participaron 42 adultos con obesidad. Los sujetos asignados al Programa Intensivo de Cambio de Estilo de Vida recibieron un protocolo de cambio de conducta validado "Equilibrio de Estilo de Vida" en 12 sesiones, consultas semanales con un nutriólogo y remplazos de comidas. El Tratamiento Tradicional consistió en consultas mensuales con un nutriólogo que proporcionó orientación nutricional y de actividad física. Resultados: después de tres meses se midió al 97% de los participantes que iniciaron el estudio. Los sujetos del Programa Intensivo de Cambio de Estilo de Vida y del Tratamiento Tradicional mostraron los siguientes cambios en el peso corporal: (mediana [percentil 25-75]) (-4,7 kg [-6,5, -3,1]) vs. (+0,4 kg [-0,3, 1,3]). El 62% de los participantes del Programa Intensivo de Cambio de Estilo de Vida bajaron más de un 5% del peso corporal, contra el 0% en el grupo de Tratamiento Tradicional (p < 0,001). Conclusiones: este estudio es una evidencia preliminar de que un Programa Intensivo de Cambio de Estilo de Vida puede ser una alternativa efectiva para el tratamiento de la obesidad en el primer nivel de atención.

Manejo de la obesidad en el primer nivel de atención con un programa intensivo de cambio de estilo de vida / Obesity management in the primary care setting by an intensive lifestyle intervention

Objetivo: comparar un Programa Intensivo de Cambio de Estilo de Vida con el Tratamiento Tradicional para el manejo de la obesidad en el primer nivel de atención. Sujetos y métodos: estudio de intervención aleatorizado controlado, en el que participaron 42 adultos con obesidad. Los sujetos asignados al Programa Intensivo de Cambio de Estilo de Vida recibieron un protocolo de cambio de conducta validado «Equilibrio de Estilo de Vida» en 12 sesiones, consultas semanales con un nutriólogo y remplazos de comidas. El Tratamiento Tradicional consistió en consultas mensuales con un nutriólogo que proporcionó orientación nutricional y de actividad física. Resultados: después de tres meses se midió al 97% de los participantes que iniciaron el estudio. Los sujetos del Programa Intensivo de Cambio de Estilo de Vida y del Tratamiento Tradicional mostraron los siguientes cambios en el peso corporal: (mediana [percentil 25-75]) (-4,7 kg [-6,5, -3,1]) vs. (+0,4 kg [-0,3, 1,3]). El 62% de los participantes del Programa Intensivo de Cambio de Estilo de Vida bajaron más de un 5% del peso corporal, contra el 0% en el grupo de Tratamiento Tradicional (p < 0,001). Conclusiones: este estudio es una evidencia preliminar de que un Programa Intensivo de Cambio de Estilo de Vida puede ser una alternativa efectiva para el tratamiento de la obesidad en el primer nivel de atención (AU)

Objective: the aim of this study was to compare an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention against Traditional Treatment for obesity management in the primary care setting. Subjects and methods: interventional randomized controlled study with participation of 42 obese adults. Subjects assigned to the Intensive Lifestyle Intervention received a validated behavior change protocol «Group Lifestyle Balance» in 12 sessions, weekly consultations by a nutritionist and meal replacements. Traditional Treatment consisted of monthly consultations with a nutritionist that provided nutritional assessment and physical activity. Results: almost all study participants (97%) were measured after 3 months of intervention. Intensive Lifestyle Intervention and Traditional Treatment subjects showed the following changes in body weight: (Median [25-75th percentile]) (-4.7 kg [-6.5, -3.1]) vs. (+0.4 kg [-0.3, 1.3]). Sixty two percent of Intensive Lifestyle Intervention group participants lost more than 5 % body weight vs. 0 % in the traditional treatment group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: this preliminary evidence showed that an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention can be an effective strategy for obesity management in the primary care setting (AU)