Accuracy of formula-based volume and image segmentation-based volume in calculation of preoperative cystic jaw lesions' volume.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of formula-based volume measurements and the 3D volume analysis with different software packages in the calculation of preoperative cystic jaw lesions' volume. The secondary aim was to assess the reliability and the accuracy of 3 imaging software programs for measuring the cystic jaw lesions' volume in CBCT images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study consisted of two parts: an in vitro part using 2 dry human mandibles that were used to create simulated osteolytic lesions to assess the accuracy of the volumetric analysis and formula-based volume. As a gold standard, the volume of each bone defect was determined by taking an impression using rapid soft silicone (Vinylight) and then quantifying the volume of the replica. Afterward, each tooth socket was scanned using a high-resolution CBCT. A retrospective part using archived CBCT radiographs that were taken from the database of the outpatient clinic of the oral and maxillofacial radiology department, Faculty of Dentistry, Minia University to assess the reliability of the 3 software packages. The volumetric data set was exported for volume quantification using the 3 software packages (MIMICS-OnDemand and InVesalius software). Also, the three greatest orthogonal diameters of the lesions were calculated, and the volume was assessed using the ellipsoid formula. Dunn's test was used for pair-wise comparisons when Friedman's test was significant. The inter-examiner agreement was assessed using Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient and intra-class correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Regarding the results of the retrospective part, there was a statistically significant difference between volumetric measurements by equation and different software (P value < 0.001, Effect size = 0.513). The inter-observer reliability of the measurements of the cystic lesions using the different software packages was very good. The highest inter-examiner agreement for volume measurement was found with InVesalius (Cronbach's alpha = 0.992). On the other hand, there was a statistically significant difference between dry mandible volumetric measurements and Gold Standard. All software showed statistically significantly lower dry mandible volumetric measurements than the gold standard. CONCLUSION: Computer-aided assessment of cystic lesion volume using InVesalius, OnDemand, and MIMICS is a readily available, easy to use, non-invasive option. It confers an advantage over formula-based volume as it gives the exact morphology of the lesion so that potential problems can be detected before surgery. Volume analysis with InVesalius software was accurate in determining the volume of simulated periapical defects in a human cadaver mandible as compared to true volume. InVesalius software proved that open-source software can be robust yet user-friendly with the advantage of minimal cost to use.

Evaluation of the posterior superior alveolar artery canal by cone-beam computed tomography in a sample of the Egyptian population.

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in detecting the posterior superior alveolar (PSA) artery canal in a sample of the Egyptian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CBCT images of 600 maxillary sinuses of patients were examined for the presence or absence of the PSA artery along the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus, and for the diameter and type of the canal in relation to age and sex. The distances from the canal to the alveolar crest and sinus floor were also measured. Each canal was assessed to determine whether it was bifid. RESULTS: The PSA artery canal could be detected in 92.0% of the sinuses. The mean distance from the inferior border of the PSA artery canal to the sinus floor was 8.2±2.2 mm (range, 3.2-13.6 mm) in males and 7.3±2.1 mm (range, 3.0-13.1 mm) in females. The mean distance from the inferior border of the PSA artery canal to the alveolar crest was 18.2±2.7 mm (range, 11.0-23.9 mm) in males and 17.4±2.3 mm (range, 10.8-23.5 mm) in females. The mean diameter of the PSA artery canal was larger in male subjects. The PSA artery canal was bifid in 8.7% of cases. The most frequently observed location of the PSA artery canal was intraosseous (82.2%). CONCLUSION: CBCT was confirmed to be a valuable tool for evaluation and localization of the PSA artery before maxillary sinus lift surgery to avoid intraoperative bleeding.