RESUMEN
We tested closure between in situ radiometric and absorption coefficient measurements by using a nearly backscattering-independent remote-sensing reflectance model that employs the remote-sensing reflectance at three wavelengths. We show that only a small error is introduced into the closure model when the proper functional relationships of f/Q and the backscattering is taken to be a constant when using the sea-viewing wide field-of-view sensor wavelengths 443, 490, and 555 nm. A method of inverting the model to obtain the absorption coefficient by use of simple linear spectral relationships of the absorption coefficient is provided. The results of the model show that the independent measurements of reflectance and absorption obtain closure with a high degree of accuracy.
Asunto(s)
Líquido Amniótico/citología , Cromosomas Sexuales , Femenino , Marcadores Genéticos , Humanos , Masculino , EmbarazoRESUMEN
A patient was referred for amniotic fluid cell culture because of advanced maternal age. A decisional dilemma presented itself as a result of the detection of a metacentric bisatellited microchromosome (47,XX + marker) in the amniotic fluid cell culture. The decision whether to terminate the pregnancy had to be considered because the literature revealed a number of cases of an extra marker in patients with single or multiple congenital abnormalities, although other patients with a similar marker were phenotypically completely normal. The finding of an identical marker chromosome in the phenotypically normal mother and two of her off-spring favoured the continuation of the pregnancy. It would appear as if this is the first reported case in which a familial marker chromosome was detected prenatally and the pregnancy permitted to continue to term with the birth of a normal infant.
Asunto(s)
Líquido Amniótico/citología , Aberraciones Cromosómicas Sexuales/genética , Adulto , Células Cultivadas , Femenino , Asesoramiento Genético , Marcadores Genéticos , Humanos , Cariotipificación , Masculino , Linaje , Embarazo , Cromosoma X , Cromosoma YRESUMEN
Sclerosteosis is a rare, progressive disorder in which bone overgrowth causes facial distortion and cranial nerve dysfunction. The intracranial pressure usually becomes elevated and sudden death often occurs in adulthood. Servival into old age is unusual, but we have recently had the opportunity to investigate 2 elderly patients. Their clinical and radiographic features suggest that the rate of progression diminishes in later life, and that in exceptional circumstances survival into old age is possible.
