Creencias y prácticas de autocuidado en profesionales de enfermería en UCI durante la pandemia COVID-19 / Beliefs and Self-Care Practices in ICU Nurses During the COVID-19 Pandemic / Crenças e práticas de autocuidado em enfermeiros da UCI durante a pandemia COVID-19

Para los profesionales de enfermería, la pandemia por COVID-19 agudizó la necesidad de poner en práctica el cuidado y el autocuidado como elementos fundamentales para proteger la vida propia, de los pacientes, allegados, y la salubridad social en general. Objetivo: describir las creencias y las prácticas de autocuidado utilizadas por profesionales de enfermería que trabajan en Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo para mantener el bienestar físico, mental y social durante la atención de la pandemia por COVID-19 entre el segundo semestre del 2020 y primero del 2021. Metodología: enfoque cualitativo tipo etnográfico, basado en el método de la etnoenfermería propuesto por Madeleine Leininger. Muestreo por saturación teórica de 14 informantes clave. Recolección de información mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas presenciales y virtuales grabadas ­transcritas en su totalidad­ y notas de campo. Análisis de información a través de las fases de la etnoenfermería, categorización, caracterización e identificación de patrones recurrentes. Resultados: se identificaron tres categorías como temas principales, se obtuvo información sobre las creencias y prácticas de autocuidado de los profesionales de enfermería durante la pandemia por COVID-19 que tienen repercusiones en la búsqueda del bienestar individual y colectivo, reconocibles a través de la implementación de diferentes estrategias de protección y las prácticas culturales asociadas. Conclusión: los pensamientos y el consecuente actuar mencionados por la población entrevistada responden de manera directa a las prácticas y creencias relacionadas con sus intenciones de disminuir la probabilidad de contagio y gestionar un autocuidado en la construcción de una resiliencia y un bienestar efectivo de los profesionales de enfermería.

For nursing professionals, the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the need to put care and self-care into practice as fundamental elements to protect their lives, that of their patients, relatives, and social health in general. Objective: To describe the self-care beliefs and practices used by nursing professionals who work in Intensive Care Units to maintain physical, mental, and social well-being during the care of the COVID-19 pandemic between the second period of 2020 and the first period of 2021. Methodology: Qualitative ethnographic approach, based on the ethno-nursing method proposed by Madeleine Leininger. Sampling by theoretical saturation of 14 key informants was carried out. Collection of information was doner through semi-structured face-to-face and virtual interviews, recorded, fully transcribed, and field notes. Analysis of information through the phases of ethno-nursing, categorization, characterization and identification of recurring patterns. Results: Three categories were identified as main themes, information was obtained on the beliefs and self-care practices of nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic that have repercussions on the search for individual and collective well-being, recognizable through the implementation of different strategies of protection and associated cultural practices. Conclusion: The thoughts and consequent actions mentioned by the interviewed population respond directly to the practices and beliefs related to their intentions to reduce the probability of contagion and manage self-care in the construction of resilience and effective well-being of health professionals nursing.

Para os profissionais de enfermagem, a pandemia de COVID-19 exacerbou a necessidade de colocar em prática o cuidado e o autocuidado como elementos fundamentais para proteger suas vidas, a de seus pacientes, familiares e a saúde social em geral. Objetivo: descrever as crenças e práticas de autocuidado utilizadas por profissionais de enfermagem que atuam em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva para manter o bem-estar físico, mental e social durante o cuidado da pandemia de COVID-19 entre o segundo período de 2020 e o primeiro período 2021. Metodología: abordagem etnográfica qualitativa, com base no método de etnoenfermagem proposto por Madeleine Leininger. Amostragem por saturação teórica de 14 informantes-chave . Coleta de informações por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas presenciais e virtuais, gravadas, transcritas na íntegra e notas de campo. Análise da informação através das fases de etnoenfermagem, categorização, características e identificação de padrões recorrentes. Resultados: foram identificadas três categorías como temas principais, obteve-se informação sobre as crenças e práticas de autocuidado dos profissionais de enfermagem durante a pandemia de COVID-19 que repercutem na busca do bem-estar individual e coletivo, reconhecíveis através da implementação de diferentes estratégias. de proteção e práticas culturais associadas. Conclusão: os pensamentos e ações consequentes mencionados pela população entrevistada respondem diretamente às práticas e crenças relacionadas às suas intenções de reduzir a probabilidade de contágio e gerenciar o autocuidado na construção da resiliência e bem-estar efetivo dos profissionais de saúde.

Case Report: First Confirmed Case of Coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 With Choclo orthohantavirus.

The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a major international public health concern. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on March 11, 2020. In Panama, the first SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed on March 9, 2020, and the first fatal case associated to COVID-19 was reported on March 10. This report presents the case of a 44-year-old female who arrived at the hospital with a respiratory failure, five days after the first fatal COVID-19 case, and who was living in a region where hantavirus pulmonary syndrome cases caused by Choclo orthohantavirus (CHOV), are prevalent. Thus, the clinical personnel set a differential diagnosis to determine a respiratory disease caused by the endemic CHOV or the new pandemic SARS-CoV-2. This case investigation describes the first coinfection by SARS-CoV-2 and CHOV worldwide. PCR detected both viruses during early stages of the disease and the genomic sequences were obtained. The presence of antibodies was determined during the patient's hospitalization. After 23 days at the intensive care unit, the patient survived with no sequelae, and antibodies against CHOV and SARS-CoV-2 were still detectable 12 months after the disease. The detection of the coinfection in this patient highlights the importance, during a pandemic, of complementing the testing and diagnosis of the emergent agent, SARS-CoV-2, with other common endemic respiratory pathogens and other zoonotic pathogens, like CHOV, in regions where they are of public health concern.

Glucocorticoid interactions with the dorsal striatal endocannabinoid system in regulating inhibitory avoidance memory.

The endocannabinoid (eCB) system is highly stress sensitive and known to modulate memory formation of emotionally arousing experiences across different corticolimbic structures. eCB signaling within these circuits is also essentially involved in regulating non-genomically mediated glucocorticoid hormone effects on memory. It has long been thought that the dorsal striatum, which plays a major role in procedural memory and habit formation, is considerably less impacted by stressful experiences; however, recent findings indicate that stress and glucocorticoids also affect striatal-dependent memory processes. Yet, to what extent eCB signaling within the dorsal striatum may mediate such glucocorticoid effects on memory consolidation is currently unknown. Here we show, in male Wistar rats, that the cannabinoid agonist WIN55,212-2 administered into the dorsal striatum immediately after an inhibitory avoidance training experience dose-dependently enhanced 48-h retention performance. Conversely, the cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R) antagonist AM251 impaired retention when administered into the dorsal striatum after inhibitory avoidance training. Most importantly, antagonism of striatal CB1R activity with AM251 completely abolished the effect of corticosterone or of the membrane-impermeable ligand corticosterone:BSA administered posttraining into the dorsal striatum or injected systemically on enhancement of inhibitory avoidance memory. Further, suppression of glucocorticoid signaling by systemic injection of the corticosterone-synthesis inhibitor metyrapone also impaired the memory-enhancing effect of intra-striatal WIN55, 212-2 administration. These findings indicate that the eCB system, in close interaction with glucocorticoid signaling, is involved in modulating plasticity changes underlying memory consolidation not only in corticolimbic structures but also within the dorsal striatum.

Comportamiento epidemiológico de la morbilidad materna extrema. Colombia, 2016 / Epidemiological behavior of extreme maternal morbidity. Colombia, 2016 / Comportamento epidemiológico da morbidade materna extremamente grave Colômbia, 2016

Introducción. La Morbilidad Materna Extrema (MME) es un problema de salud pública porque compromete la vida de la gestante. Esta complicación obstétrica también pone en riesgo la salud y el bienestar del recién nacido y de los hijos ya existentes. Objetivo. Determinar el comportamiento epidemiológico de la MME en Colombia durante el año 2016. Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo tipo ecológico en mujeres entre 10 a 59 años, residentes en Colombia y con historial médico de MME durante el embarazo, el parto o el puerperio. Los datos se obtuvieron del Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia en Salud Pública (SIVIGILA) y el Sistema Integral de Información de la Protección Social (SISPRO). Se calculó el indicador de carga de enfermedad Años de Vida Perdidos por Discapacidad (AVPD), mediante herramientas empleadas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Resultados. El mayor número de AVPD por MME se presentó en el grupo de 15 a 29 años con un total de 5,86 AVPD. Se evidencia que Bogotá suma 1,93 AVPD a la carga de MME en el país. Conclusión. La MME tiene mayor prevalencia en la capital del país, aunque el 67,2% de los casos notificados se encuentran en los departamentos con mayor nivel de complejidad de atención en salud y capacidad de respuesta de calidad

Introduction. Extreme Maternal Morbidity (MME) is a public health problem that compromises the life of the pregnant woman. This obstetric complication also puts the health and well-being of the newborn and the children already at risk. Objective. To determine the epidemiological behavior of the MME in Colombia during 2016. Materials and methods. Ecological descriptive study in women aged 10 to 59 years, residents in Colombia and medical history of MME during pregnancy, delivery or puerperium. The data were obtained from the National System of Surveillance in Public Health (SIVIGILA) and the Integral Information System of Social Protection (SISPRO). The indicator of the burden of the disease Years of life Lost due to Disability (AVPD) was calculated using tools used by the World Health Organization. Results: The highest number of AVPD per MME was presented in the group of 15 to 29 years with a total of 5.86 AVPD. It is evident that Bogota adds 1.93 AVPD to the Load of MME in the country. Conclusion. MME has a higher prevalence in the country's capital, although 67.2% of cases are found in the departments with the highest level of health care and quality response capacity.

Introdução. A morbidade Materna Extremamente Grave (MMEG) é um problema de saúde pública porque compromete a vida da mulher grávida. Esta complicação obstétrica também coloca em risco a saúde e o bem estar do recém-nascido e dos filhos existentes. Objetivo. Determinar o comportamento epidemiológico da MMEG na Colômbia em 2016. Materiais e métodos. Estudo descritivo do tipo ecológico em mulheres entre 10 e 59 anos, residentes na Colômbia e com histórico médico de MMEG durante a gravidez, parto ou puerpério. Os dados foram obtidos no Sistema Nacional de Vigilância em Saúde Pública (SIVIGILA) e no Sistema Integral de Informação da Proteção Social (SISPRO). O indicador carga da doença Anos de Vida Perdidos por Incapacidade (YLD) foi calculado, através de ferramentas utilizadas pela Organização Mundial da Saúde. Resultados. O número elevado de YLD por MMEG aparece no grupo entre 15 e 29 anos com um total de 5,86 YLD. É evidente que Bogotá acrescenta 1,93 YLD à carga de MMEG no país. Conclusão. A MMEG tem uma prevalência mais alta na capital do país, embora o 67,2% dos casos relatados estão nos departamentos com um nível mais alto de complexidade de atenção e capacidade de resposta de qualidade.

Comparación entre Parodontax® y agua bicarbonatada en la prevención de mucositis inducida por quimioterapia en niños con cáncer asisten al Centro Javeriano de Oncología / Comparison between Parodontax® and carbonated water to prevent chemotherapy-induced mucositis in children with cancer who attend the Centro Javeriano de Oncología

ANTECEDENTES: Durante la quimioterapia para tratamiento del cáncer, se presentan complicaciones en cavidad oral como la mucositis. PROPÓSITO: Comparar la efectividad del Parodontax ® con el agua bicarbonatada en la prevención de mucositis inducida por quimioterapia en niños con cáncer. MÉ-TODOS: El diseño del estudio fue controlado aleatorizado doble ciego. La muestra fueron 20 niños de 0 a 14 años que asistían para tratamiento con quimioterapia al Centro Javeriano de Oncología. Se realizaron tres controles de placa dentobacteriana y se clasificó el grado de mucositis. Los datos se analizaron con la prueba de Chi2. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de mucositis fue del 40% la cual se redujo al 15% al final del estudio. En la valoración, inicial 4 niñas presentaron mucositis; en 2 de ellas las lesiones se mantuvieron, mientras que en las otras 2 la patología se resolvió luego de empezar el protocolo con la crema. En la valoración inicial, 4 niños presentaron mucositis, de los cuales 1 mantuvo la patología. 11 pacientes presentaron un porcentaje de placa dentobacteriana mayor al 60%; al final del estudio, 10 de ellos se presentaron un nivel de placa entre el 10 y 30%. En la valoración inicial de 9 pacientes que presentaron mucositis, uno pertenecía al estrato 1; 5 al estrato 2, y 3 al estrato 3. Un paciente de estrato 2 presentó mucositis al final. CONCLUSIONES: El Parodontax® presentó eficacia similar al agua bicarbonatada al ser usado para la prevención de mucositis en niños tratados con quimioterapia.

BACKGROUND: During chemotherapy for cancer treatment side effects in oral cavity are frequent, of which mucositis is the most common. PURPOSE: Compare the efficacy of Parodontax® and carbonated water used to treat chemotherapy-induced mucositis in children with cancer. METHODS: This was a double-blinded randomized clinical trial. The sample consisted of 30 children between the ages of 0 and 14 years who attended the Centro Javeriano de Oncología for chemotherapy. 3 dental plaque scores and diagnosis of mucositis were carried out to each patient. Data were described by gender and socioeconomic status (SES) and analyzed with the Chi2 test. RESULTS: Mucositis was present in 40% of the cases and decreased to 15% at the end of the study. At the beginning, 4 girls presented mucositis, of which 2 still had the lesions at the end of the trial. The other 2 recovered from the lesions. Among the boys, 4 of them showed mucositis but only 1 kept the lesions after the treatment. 11 patients had a dental plaque score of 60% or greater that decreased to 10-30% at the end of the study. Regarding the SES, at the begining, from 9 patients who presented mucositis, 1 was classified as SES 1, 5 as SES 2, and 3 as SES 3. CONCLUSION: Parodontax® showed a similar efficacy to carbonated water for the treatment of chemotherapy induced mucositis in children cancer.

Feasibility study of bioremediation of a drilling-waste-polluted soil: stimulation of microbial activities and hydrocarbon removal.

The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of bioremediation as a treatment option for an aged and chronically polluted drilling waste soil located at the Southeast of Mexico. The polluted drilling-waste site with a mean total petroleum hydrocarbon concentration (TPHs) of 39,397 +/- 858 mg/kg was treated with one dose of a nutrient-surfactant commercial product at 40 mg/kg soil and two doses of H2O2 (50 and 100 mg H2O2/kg soil). In this study, the parameters that were monitored include soil respiration, heterotrophic and hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria as biological indicators, catalase and dehydrogenase activities, and TPHs degradation as decontamination parameters. The results demonstrated that the microbial activities can be stimulated in a polluted drilling-waste site by the addition of H2O2 and commercial product, thereby resulting in increasing TPHs degradation. These aspects must be taken into account when biodegradation studies involve the application of a commercial product.