[Resorption coefficients and prevention of Pu-239 oxide entry through microtrauma of the skin]. / Koéffitsienty rezorbtsii i preduprezhdenie postupleniia oksidov 239Pu v organizm iz zagriaznennykh mikrotravm kozhi.

The resorption coefficients of 239Pu were from (3.0 +/- 0.3) x 10(-4) to (6.3 +/- 1.4) x 10(-4) after contamination of skin microwounds of rats with plutonium oxides. Effective periods of the radionuclide accumulation in the organism were from 0.18 to 0.48 days. Disactivation of microinjuries with 3% hydrogen peroxide solution followed by electrocoagulation of the involved skin sites helped reduce the level of 239Pu in the tested skin site by 12.5 times, and by 4.5 to 7.5 times in the skeleton and liver. These measures, in combination with a 64-day course of pentacin and zincacin injections, helped reduce the level of the radionuclide in the organism 12-fold.

[Wounds and burns of the skin polluted by alpha irradiation in personnel of radiochemistry enterprises]. / Rany i ozhogi kozhi, zagriaznennye alfa-izluchateliami, u personala radiokhimicheskogo predpriiatiia.

Records of pollution by plutonium and americium 241 of skin wounds and burns in the personnel of the Mayak plant in 1948-1992 are analyzed. Traumas occurred in 286 (7.2%) workers, mechanical injuries were 84.1% of these. A high incidence of wound contamination was recorded in the workers engaged in mechanical processing of plutonium. Altogether 34.1% of injuries had alpha-radiators in residual amounts after debridement, though their levels did not surpass the minimal levels of radionuclide detection.

[Clinico-radiometric studies of the eye in radioactive contamination]. / Kliniko-radiometricheskie issledovaniia organa zreniia pri radioaktivnom zagriaznenii.

The aim of the study was assessment of local and remote effects of radioactive substances on ocular media and development of measures to remove radionuclides from the eye. Radioactive substances getting into the eye in the form of aerosols, dust, or gaseous mixtures are unevenly distributed in it. The highest radioactivity was found on the skin of the eyelids and orbit, particularly so on the eyelashes and eyebrows, the least one on the cornea and in the conjunctival cavity. A follow-up of 8 to 17 years showed that timely removal of radionuclides from ocular surface prevented the development of specific symptoms and trophic changes of ocular media, of radiation cataracts among other things. The suggested method for washing the skin of the eyelids and orbital area from radioactive contaminants did not induce skin irritation, maceration, sense of discomfort, and is recommended for practice.

[Biological action of 239Pu during intake by inhalation and complexon therapy with Zn or Ca DTPA under experimental conditions]. / Biologicheskoe deistvie 239Pu pri ego ingaliatsionom postuplenii i kompleksonoterapii Zn-ili CaDTPA v éksperimente.

The authors described the effect of substantial amounts of plutonium nitrate administered to rats by inhalation in the presence of Zn- or CaDTPA-complexon therapy for 2 months. A 2-fold decrease of absorbed doses in the lung, a 3-fold decrease in the skeleton and a 4-fold decrease in the liver were shown. The mean life of the treated animals was considerably raised. A significant reduction of the frequency of development of severe pneumosclerosis and an increase in the frequency of lung tumor development were noted. In view of the above, complexon therapy should be necessarily recommended during inhalation of radionuclides in substantial amounts.

[Behavior and biological action of large amounts of 239Pu following intramuscular administration in rats undergoing long-term therapy with Zn- and Ca-DTPA]. / Povedenie i biologicheskoe deistvie bol'shikh kolichestv 239Pu posle vnutrimyshechnogo vvedeniia u krys v usloviiakh dlitel'noi terapii Zn- i Ca-DTPA.

The authors submit the results of the studies of the influence of large amounts of 239Pu, administered to rats via stab wounds, and subsequent treatment there of with clinical doses of Zn- and Ca-DTPA for two months. It is shown that the absorbed doses considerably decrease and the average life of treated rats increases; the incidence of malignant tumors does not change after the treatment with Ca-DTPA.

[Behavior and biological action of 239Pu administered intramuscularly during complexon therapy]. / Povedenie i biologicheskoe deistvie 239Pu pri vnutrimyshechnom vvedenii v usloviiakh kompleksonoterapii.

With intramuscular injection of 239Pu nitrate the radionuclide content of the rat skeleton was higher, and at the site of injection, lower, than with injection of a polymer plutonium. The animals developed osteosarcomas (nitrate greater than polymer), and at the site of trauma, fibrosarcomas (nitrate less than polymer). After a complexon therapy the dose accretion in the skeleton and liver diminished, the life span increased, and the incidence of sarcomas decreased.