RESUMEN
Objective: To understand the knowledge, attitude, and current status of vaccination of herpes zoster vaccination among urban residents aged 25 years and above in China. Methods: In August to October 2022, a convenience sampling method was used to survey residents aged 25 years and above at 36 community centers in 9 cities across China. Questionnaires were used to collect basic information, knowledge, and attitude toward herpes zoster and its vaccination, as well as vaccination status and reasons for non-vaccination among residents. Results: A total of 2 864 urban residents were included in the study. The total score of residents' cognition of herpes zoster and its vaccine was 3.01±2.08, and the total score of their attitude was 18.25±2.76. Factors such as being male (β=-0.45, P<0.001), older than 40-59 years (β=-0.34, P=0.023) or ≥60 years (β=-0.68, P<0.001), married (β=-0.69, P=0.002) were negatively associated with knowledge score. The educational level of high school or secondary school (β=0.44, P=0.036), college (β=0.65, P=0.006), bachelor's degree and above (β=1.20, P<0.001), annual net household income ≥120 000 Yuan in 2021 (β=0.42, P=0.020), having urban employee medical insurance (β=0.62, P=0.030), having public or commercial medical insurance (β=0.65, P=0.033), and having a history of chickenpox (β=0.29, P=0.025) were positively associated with knowledge scores. Being male (β=-0.38, P=0.008) and not remembering a history of chickenpox (β=-0.49, P=0.012) were negatively associated with attitude scores. Annual net household income in 2021 was between 40 000-80 000 Yuan (β=0.44, P=0.032) or between 80 000-120 000 Yuan (β=0.62, P=0.002) or ≥120 000 Yuan (β=0.93, P<0.001), and a history of herpes zoster (β=0.59, P=0.004) were positively associated with attitude scores. Of the 2 864 residents surveyed, only 29 (1.01%) had received the herpes zoster vaccine, with a vaccination rate of 1.70% for those aged 50 years and above, with the main reason for non-vaccination being lack of knowledge about the herpes zoster vaccine, followed by the high price. 42.67% of the population said they would consider getting the herpes zoster vaccine in the future. Conclusion: Low knowledge of herpes zoster and its vaccine, positive attitudes towards the preventive effects of herpes zoster and its vaccine, and extremely low vaccination rates among the urban population in China call for multiple measures to strengthen health education and vaccination recommendations for residents, especially for the elderly, low-education and low-income populations.
Asunto(s)
Anciano , Masculino , Humanos , Femenino , Vacuna contra el Herpes Zóster , Varicela , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Población Urbana , Herpes Zóster/prevención & control , ChinaRESUMEN
With the background of establishing a community of common health for mankind,to secure global public health safety and enhancing health status are the common concerns to all nations in the world.To develop primary health care system is the most important strategy.China has achieved remarkable progress in health system development over the past seven decades,especially in strengthening primary health care system,which have been highly appraised by international society.This paper presents synthesis of China's experiences in developing and supporting rural health security system,tiered health care delivery system and essential public health package,followed by discusses on policy implications for other settings.
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Objective:To evaluate the impact and analyze the mechanism of separating drug sales from medical services reform on the total medical expenditure containment of outpatient services in Beijing. Methods:The monitoring data and historical data from 89 third-level,78 second-level public hospitals,and 206 primary health institutions and community health service agencies,which participated in the reform,were analysed to estimate the impacts on outpa-tient service utilization and service price. The analysis was based on the data of the first and second quarters of 2016 outpatient and emergency department fee changes,and analysis of service utilization and service price factors on the im-pact of changes in outpatient and emergency services mechanism. Results:The total outpatients'expenditure in Beijing in the second quarter of 2017 was 17.38 billion yuan,representing a slight decrease of 1.14% than the expenditure in 2016. The growth rate reduced by 2.46%. Expenditure in third-level and second-level hospitals decreased by 2.82% and 3.02%,respectively,with reductions in growth rates of 4.06% and 3.74% respectively. Expenditure in primary institutions increased by 17.09%. The increase rate in the second quarter of 2017 was 26.28%,representing a remark-able increase compared to the rate in 2016(15.84%). The contribution from the medical institution service prices and service utilization to the change of outpatient and emergency medical expenditure containment was 6.98% and -7. 65%,respectively. For third-level hospitals,the contribution was 10.37% and -12.00%,respectively;second-level hospitals were 0.72% and -3.35%,respectively;and the primary health institutions was 6.08% and 9.57%. Con-clusions:Beijing's comprehensive reform of separating drug sales from medical services reform has effectively controlled the rising medical expenditure of outpatient services,mainly by adjusting outpatients service utilization between differ-ent level healthcare institutions.