[Pre-hospitalization treatment with Abciximab in the preparation of patients for primary angioplasty in the acute phase of myocardial infarct. Immediate and long-term (one month) results]. / Traitement préhospitalier par abciximab des patients candidats à une angioplastie primaire en phase aiguë d'infarctus du myocarde. Résultats immédiats et à l mois.

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is an alternative to fibrinolysis in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, after balloon PTCA, the rate of early re-occlusion, of re-infarctus and of restenosis remains high. Stent implantation with antiplatelet drug regimen (aspirin, ticlid) limits these risks. Abciximab (new GPIIb/IIIa receptors inhibitor) reduces PTCA complications rate in the acute coronary syndromes. Intravenous administration of abciximab can restore a normal flow in the infarcted related coronary artery (IRA) after few minutes. A monocentric, non randomized, prospective pilot study was iniated to assess the feasibility of pre-hospital treatment with abciximab in preparation to primary PTCA stenting in AMI (primary endpoint) and to appreciate potential benefits in initial IRA patency as well as prevention of PTCA thrombotic complications (secondary endpoint). Between April 1997 and January 1998, 38 AMI were treated with abciximab in pre-hospital phase (group A). Mobil Intensive Care Unit (MICU) team implemented the treatment and guaranteed immediate transport to the cathlab (abciximab bolus-coronary angiography time = 37 +/- 17 min). Immediate results were compared to those of 198 paired patients who were treated for AMI during the same period (Group T). Initial IRA flow TIMI grade 3 was significantly higher in group A, 24%, than in group T, 9% (p < 0.017). The rates of per-procedural complications (no flow, distal embolism), of local complications, of transfusions were not significantly different. During 1 month follow-up, there was no significant difference between group A and group T concerning death, re-MI, stent thrombosis and new revascularization. To conclude, the pre-hospital treatment with abciximab in AMI is feasible by MICU medical team without any delay of the cathlab admission. It is associated with no increased hemorrhagic complications rate. The abciximab pre-hospital treatment improves the initial IRA patency. These encouraging preliminary results expect to be confirmed by larger, multicentric, randomized and prospective studies.

[Intraosseous device of perfusion. Apropos of 3 cases before hospitalization]. / Dispositif intraosseux de perfusion. A propos de trois observations en préhospitalier.

A renewal of interest in the intraosseous route has appeared lately in France. It concerns pediatric patients. After anatomophysiological and technical quotes, we report the indications, contraindications, method of supervision and complications of the placement of an intraosseous infusion. Our modest experience enables us to present three observations where intraosseous route has been used outside hospital in children suffering a cardiopulmonary arrest on arrival of the practitioner belonging to the mobile emergency unit. This rapid and easy to place technique seems to be attractive as an alternative to the intravenous route in situations of utmost emergency, this all the more so since there are few reported contraindications and complications.