RESUMEN
Human and bovine respiratory syncytial viruses (HRSV and BRSV) are two closely related, worldwide prevalent viruses that are the leading cause of severe airway disease in children and calves, respectively. Efficacy of commercial bovine vaccines needs improvement and no human vaccine is licensed yet. We reported that nasal vaccination with the HRSV nucleoprotein produced as recombinant ring-shaped nanoparticles (N(SRS)) protects mice against a viral challenge with HRSV. The aim of this work was to evaluate this new vaccine that uses a conserved viral antigen, in calves, natural hosts for BRSV. Calves, free of colostral or natural anti-BRSV antibodies, were vaccinated with N(SRS) either intramuscularly, or both intramuscularly and intranasally using Montanide ISA71 and IMS4132 as adjuvants and challenged with BRSV. All vaccinated calves developed anti-N antibodies in blood and nasal secretions and N-specific cellular immunity in local lymph nodes. Clinical monitoring post-challenge demonstrated moderate respiratory pathology with local lung tissue consolidations for the non-vaccinated calves that were significantly reduced in the vaccinated calves. Vaccinated calves had lower viral loads than the non-vaccinated control calves. Thus N(SRS) vaccination in calves provided cross-protective immunity against BRSV infection without adverse inflammatory reaction.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos/prevención & control , Nucleoproteínas/inmunología , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/veterinaria , Vacunas contra Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/inmunología , Proteínas Virales/inmunología , Adyuvantes Inmunológicos/farmacología , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Formación de Anticuerpos , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/inmunología , Protección Cruzada , Inmunidad Celular , Pulmón/inmunología , Pulmón/patología , Pulmón/virología , Masculino , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Nanopartículas , Proteínas Recombinantes/inmunología , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/inmunología , Infecciones por Virus Sincitial Respiratorio/prevención & control , Virus Sincitial Respiratorio Bovino/inmunología , Vacunas de Subunidad/inmunología , Carga ViralRESUMEN
Oral contamination with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) agent in susceptible PRNP genotype sheep results in widespread distribution of prion in the host. Because ARR homozygous sheep are considered to be resistant to transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, they have been selected to eradicate scrapie from sheep flocks and to protect the human food chain from small ruminant BSE risk. However, results presented here show that several months after an oral challenge with BSE agent, healthy ARR/ARR sheep can accumulate significant amounts of PrP(Sc) in the spleen.