[Integrated Diagnostics Methods for the Treatment of the Individual Disorders of Cognitive Development].

The article presents the results of integrated assessment of 500 children (300 males and 200 females aged from 4 to 12 years) cognitive disorders. The results include a list of the most important pre- and post-natal risk factors. It is shown that multifactor assessment of children with cognitive impairment (including history taking, psychological and neuropsychological examination, clinical, neurophysiological, ultrasonic, duplex and magnetic resonance scanning) allows to detect the main precursory signals of cognitive disorders, to deteremine strong and weak sides of developmental course of a particular child and, basing on that and to develop effective individual programs of intervention.

[Schoolchildren's visual acuity in the dynamics of learning].

The results of the screening study of the acuity of schoolchildren between 7 and 17 years old living in Rostov Region of the Russian Federation are discussed in the article. The method of computer optometry was used to measure acuity. 93772 pupils, 48621 girls and 45151 boys, from 150 schools participated in this examination. It was found that there is sustained growth of those with low acuity (0,2 and less) among children of both sexes from junior group (7 years) to the senior (17). The signs of the decline in visual acuity among girls (14%) are manifested earlier than in boys (8%). The decline in visual acuity among 7-8-year-old children is about 3%. While comparing children from rural areas with those from big cities a true dependence of the parameter (acuity) on the factors (city and sex) was found.

[Eye movements during reading as an indicator of development of reading skill].

In this issue the parametres of oculomotor activity were investigated by the eye movements videoregistration's method at reading of texts of different complexity by pupils with various reading skill level. The parametres of eye movements and their determination is described. It is shown that the general time of reading, average fixations duration and total regressions count decreases, average amplitude progressive and regressive saccades increases in process of development reading skill. That testifies to perfection of mechanisms of implementation cognitive processes that form the basis of reading.

[Psychophysiological structure of verbal and nonverbal intellect in 6-7 year old children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder].

Wechsler test revealed the peculiarities of intellectual development of children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). It is shown that the psychophysiological structure of intelligence in 6-7 year old children without any signs of ADHD is characterized by a high level of development and close interaction between verbal and nonverbal components. Their peers with ADHD demonstrate an insufficient level of development of visual-spatial perception, voluntary activity organization and regulation, and a lower level of interaction between verbal and nonverbal components. Significant differences between verbal and nonverbal integral indices are the evidence of the deficit in voluntary attention and voluntary regulation and in the integrity of operational cognitive structures.

[The peculiarities of intellectual development of boys and girls of 15-16 years old].

The structure of intelligence in senior adolescents was studied. The analysis of intelligence in adolescents of both sexes showed that there are no distinct differences in the structure of intellectual development in boys and girls of 15-16 years old. The significantly better results were marked only in girls memory development which can prove the fact that the specific character of cognitive development doesn't depend on sex at the last stages of puberty. Significant dispersion of individual intellectual characteristics can serve the evidence for the high variability of the psychophysiology structure of intelligence in adolescents at this ontogenetic stage of development.

[Functional organization of the brain cortical areas at rest condition in children 5, 6 and 7 years old].

Functional connectivity at rest was studied in children of 5, 6 and 7 years old. Connection strengths were estimated using coherence function taken at the frequencies of the major EEG rhythms. Factor analysis of the raw coherence data revealed 4 different cortico-cortical functional connectivity patterns. These patterns are stable across the studied age span although particular functional links may change reflecting the general trend of heterchronous maturation of the cortex.