RESUMEN
Twenty species of the genus Telsimia from China are reviewed herein. Among them, eight species are described as new to science: Telsimia chayuensis, T. forcipata, T. latus, T. lobatus, T. lunata, T. menglaensis, T. parascymnoides, and T. parvus spp. nov.; two species are reported from China for the first time: T. darjeelingensis Kapur, 1969 and T. elongate Hoàng, 1985. All species are provided with nomenclatural history, diagnoses, detailed descriptions (except for the 10 previously described species), colored illustrations, and distributions. The female genitalia of five described species are provided for the first time. A distribution map and a key to all the Chinese species are also provided.
RESUMEN
In this study, the effect of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) on morphological, physiological, and molecular characteristics of Phellinus noxius has been investigated, and the potential antifungal mechanism of PCA against P. noxius was also explored. The results revealed that PCA showed in vitro antifungal potential against P. noxius and completely inhibited P. noxius hyphae at concentrations >40 µg/mL. PCA inhibited both mycelial growth and the loss of mycelial biomass in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. Morphological changes in PCA-treated P. noxius hyphae, such as irregularly swollen mycelia as well as short hyphae with increased septation and less branching, were observed by optical microscopy. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were significantly increased in PCA-treated P. noxius cells as compared to control groups. Induced hyperpolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), repressed superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and up-regulated gene expression of seven tested genes were also found in PCA-treated P. noxius groups. Thus, the present results suggested that the mechanism of action of PCA against P. noxius might be attributed to direct damage of mycelium and high intracellular ROS production, and indirect induction of genes involved in cell detoxification, oxidation-reduction process, and electron transport of the respiratory chain.
