RESUMEN
Quinolate acid phosphoribosyltransferase (QPRTase), a key enzyme in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) biosynthesis, also plays an important role in ensuring nicotinic acid is available for the synthesis of defensive pyridine alkaloids in Nicotiana species. In this study, cDNAs for QPRTase were characterized from N. rustica and N. tabacum. Deduced proteins from both cDNAs are almost identical and contain a 24 amino acid N-terminal extension, not reported in other QPRTases, that has characteristics of a mitochondrial targeting sequence. In N. tabacum and N. sylvestris, both of which contain nicotine as the major pyridine alkaloid, QPRTase transcript was detected in roots, the site of nicotine synthesis, but not in leaves. QPRTase transcript levels increased markedly in roots of both species 12-24 h after damage to aerial tissues, with a concomitant rise in transcript levels of putrescine N-methyltransferase (PMT), another key enzyme in nicotine biosynthesis. In N. glauca, however, in which anabasine represents the major pyridine alkaloid, QPRTase transcript was detected in both leaf and root tissues. Moreover, wound induction of QPRTase but not PMT was observed in leaf tissues, and not in roots, 12-24 h after wounding. Southern analysis of genomic DNA from the Nicotiana species noted above, and also several others from within the genus, suggested that QPRTase is encoded by a small gene family in all the species investigated.
Asunto(s)
Nicotiana/genética , Pentosiltransferasa/genética , Plantas Tóxicas , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Northern Blotting , Southern Blotting , Clonación Molecular , ADN Complementario/química , ADN Complementario/genética , ADN de Plantas/genética , Escherichia coli/enzimología , Escherichia coli/genética , Regulación Enzimológica de la Expresión Génica , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Prueba de Complementación Genética , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Pentosiltransferasa/metabolismo , Raíces de Plantas/enzimología , Raíces de Plantas/genética , ARN de Planta/genética , ARN de Planta/metabolismo , Alineación de Secuencia , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Homología de Secuencia de Aminoácido , Especificidad de la Especie , Estrés Mecánico , Nicotiana/enzimología , Regulación hacia ArribaRESUMEN
An investigation made in 1966-67 of 2,122 pregnant women revealed 182 (8.6%) with significant asymptomatic bacteriuria, of whom 127 could be located in 1983. In 182 non-bacteriuric controls from the same investigation 105 could be located. Eight bacteriuric and 1 non-bacteriuric patient had died, all from causes of death unrelated to urinary tract infections. Data were collected by questionnaires, together with a urine specimen from approximately 73% of the survivors. No differences could be found between the initial bacteriuric and non-bacteriuric group concerning the number and complications of later pregnancies, urinary tract infections requiring hospitalization, or recognized arterial hypertension. In 1983, more of the initially bacteriuric women had experienced urinary tract infections not demanding hospitalization and more were bacteriuric (greater than or equal to 10(5) col/ml), compared with the controls: 36.5% and 28.8%, respectively. These high rates probably indicate some contamination due to self-sampling. B. anitratum was a new bacteria emerging, compared with the original study.
Asunto(s)
Bacteriuria/diagnóstico , Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo/diagnóstico , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Embarazo , Pronóstico , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Changes in 24-hour excretion of unconjugated urinary cortisol and creatinine clearance were determined in 9 normally menstruating women and in 9 women undergoing estrogen-gestagen treatment on 3 consecutive days. A correlation between the cortisol excretion and the creatinine clearance was found only in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. The cortisol excretion increased neither during the menstrual cycle nor during the estrogen-gestagen treatment. A marked intra-individual variation in the excretion of unconjugated urinary cortisol was demonstrated in both groups.
Asunto(s)
Anticonceptivos Orales Combinados/farmacología , Etinilestradiol/farmacología , Hidrocortisona/orina , Menstruación , Noretindrona/farmacología , Adulto , Creatinina/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Menstruación/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
The value of routinely including biopsy of the iliac crest in the haematological diagnostic programme in medical departments of haematology is elucidated by analysis of 129 biopsies. At the same time, imprints of the biopsies and aspirate smears were compared as regards diagnostic efficacy, which proved 15% greater for imprints and biopsies. The frequency of an inadequate bone biopsy was 7.7%, often because the biopsies were less than 5 mm in length (16%). The individual categories, bone biopsy, imprint, and aspiration smears were of equal diagnostic efficacy in 76%. Guidance for the haematological diagnosis was obtained in 80% of the cases. The incidence of dry tap was 1.6% and the complication rate 1.6%. The optimal result, viz. sufficiently long biopsies (54% over 10 mm in length), is obtained by taking the biopsy with a conically tipped needle (the Jamshidi or Schaadt-Fischer needle) and by making imprints before embedding the biopsies in methacrylate JB IV. The preparation and safety measures in embedding in JB IV and subsequent special staining, including cytochemical studies, are described. By the technique used, it is possible, with some practice, to obtain adequate biopsies in 80-90% of all patients and to take a biopsy and perform aspiration in one session. The patient's position, lying on his side, seems to make him less apprehensive.
