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INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have shown that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with osteoporosis (OP) and bone mineral density (BMD), but the underlying genetic mechanisms are unclear. Our study wanted to explore the genetic and causal relationship between IBD and OP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on large-scale genome-wide association summary statistics and individual-level datasets (i.e., the UK Biobank), this study performed linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC), pleiotropic analysis under the composite null hypothesis (PLACO), and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to explore the genetic association, the pleiotropic genes and the causal relationship between IBD and BMD. RESULTS: LDSC revealed significant genetic correlations between IBD and BMD (e.g., forearm BMD (rg = -0.3479, P = 0.019) and femoral neck BMD (rg = -0.1335, P = 0.0307). PLACO identified 14 overlapping pleiotropic loci, 1 shared risk gene (CDYL), and multiple shared pathways, revealing possible mechanisms for IBD and OP. MR analysis demonstrated a causal association between IBD and BMD. CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that IBD may increase the risk of OP and reveals a complex genetic mechanism linking IBD and the risk of osteoporosis, which has important implications for diagnosing and treating IBD and OP.
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BACKGROUND: Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) are extensively distributed in our environment, prompting concerns about potential health hazards, including lung injuries resulting from OPFR exposure. METHODS: The present study recruited 125 lung cancer patients, assessing their exposure to 10 OPFR compounds through urine samples. The final analysis comprised 108 participants after excluding those lacking epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) status and those with chronic kidney disease. Demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as urinary OPFR concentrations, were compared based on OPFR detection. Spearman correlation was conducted to explore the relationship between OPFR compounds, while logistic regression was used to identify OPFR compounds associated with EGFR mutation. RESULTS: The study revealed widespread OPFR exposure among lung cancer patients, with an overall detection frequency of 99.07%. Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBEP) exhibited a strong correlation to its metabolite bis(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (r = 0.88, p < 0.01). Patients with TBEP in their urine had higher percentage of wild-type EGFR and the detection of TBEP was associated with a reduced likelihood of mutant EGFR expression. CONCLUSIONS: OPFR exposure was prevalent in lung cancer patients, with TBEP detection identified as a factor with lower EGFR mutation expression. This study contributes to the understanding of OPFR exposure in lung cancer patients and underscores the significance of TBEP in evaluating EGFR mutation in this population.
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Receptores ErbB , Retardadores de Llama , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Organofosfatos , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Receptores ErbB/genética , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales/efectos adversos , Mutación , AdultoRESUMEN
ABSTRACT: A 50-year-old woman was admitted due to a liver mass discovered by ultrasound in routine physical examination. MRI demonstrated a large hepatocellular carcinoma. It also discovered an abdominal mass simultaneously. 18 F-FDG PET/CT was performed for staging. PET/CT showed mixed and mild metabolism of the hepatic lesion and giant abdominopelvic mass, respectively. Hepatocellular carcinoma combined with a benign mass in abdominopelvic cavity from uterine was considered and finally proved pathologically. We present a rare case of woman with large liver cancer accompanied by giant uterine fibroid where 18 F-FDG PET/CT helped in making the right diagnosis.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Fluorodesoxiglucosa F18 , Leiomioma , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Tomografía Computarizada por Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones , Humanos , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Hepáticas/complicaciones , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico por imagen , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/complicaciones , Leiomioma/diagnóstico por imagen , Leiomioma/complicaciones , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Imagen Multimodal , Neoplasias Uterinas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Uterinas/complicacionesRESUMEN
Background: Creatinine-cystatin C ratio (CCR) has been demonstrated as an objective marker of sarcopenia in clinical conditions but has not been evaluated as an osteoporosis marker in individuals with normal renal function. Methods: We selected 271,831 participants with normal renal function from UK Biobank cohort. Multivariable linear/logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards model were used to investigate the phenotypic relationship between CCR and osteoporosis in total subjects and gender-stratified subjects. Based on the genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, linkage disequilibrium regression (LDSC) and Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis were performed to reveal the shared genetic correlations and infer the causal effects, respectively. Results: Amongst total subjects and gender-stratified subjects, serum CCR was positively associated with eBMD after adjusting for potential risk factors (all P<0.05). The multivariable logistic regression model showed that the decrease in CCR was associated with a higher risk of osteoporosis/fracture in all models (all P<0.05). In the multivariable Cox regression analysis with adjustment for potential confounders, reduced CCR is associated with the incidence of osteoporosis and fracture in both total subjects and gender-stratified subjects (all P<0.05). A significant non-linear dose-response was observed between CCR and osteoporosis/fracture risk (P non-linearity < 0.05). LDSC found no significant shared genetic effects by them, but PLACO identified 42 pleiotropic SNPs shared by CCR and fracture (P<5×10-8). MR analyses indicated the causal effect from CCR to osteoporosis/fracture. Conclusions: Reduced CCR predicted increased risks of osteoporosis/fracture, and significant causal effects support their associations. These findings indicated that the muscle-origin serum CCR was a potential biomarker to assess the risks of osteoporosis and fracture.
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Biomarcadores , Creatinina , Cistatina C , Análisis de la Aleatorización Mendeliana , Osteoporosis , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Osteoporosis/genética , Osteoporosis/sangre , Osteoporosis/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Biomarcadores/sangre , Creatinina/sangre , Cistatina C/sangre , Cistatina C/genética , Anciano , Estudio de Asociación del Genoma Completo , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Adulto , Densidad Ósea/genética , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
Synthesis of monomer-recyclable polyesters solely from CO2 and bulk olefins holds great potential in significantly reducing CO2 emissions and addressing the issue of plastic pollution. Due to the kinetic disadvantage of direct copolymerization of CO2 and bulk olefins compared to homopolymerization of bulk olefins, considerable research attention has been devoted to synthesis of polyester via the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of a six-membered disubstituted lactone intermediate, 1,2-ethylidene-6-vinyl-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one (ð¹-L), obtained from telomerization of CO2 and 1,3-butadiene. However, the conjugate olefin on the six-membered ring of ð¹-L leads to serious Michael addition side reactions. Thus, the selective ROP of ð¹-L, which can precisely control the repeating unit for the production of polyesters potentially amenable to efficient monomer recycling, remains an unresolved challenge. Herein, the first example of selective ROP of ð¹-L is reported using a combination of organobase and N,N'-Bis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]urea as the catalytic system. Systematic modifications of the substituent of the urea show that the presence of electron-deficient 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl groups is the key to the extraordinary selectivity of ring opening over Michael addition. Efficient monomer recovery of oligo(ð¹-L) is also achieved under mild catalytic conditions.
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Butadienos , Dióxido de Carbono , Poliésteres , Polimerizacion , Butadienos/química , Poliésteres/química , Poliésteres/síntesis química , Dióxido de Carbono/química , Estructura Molecular , CatálisisRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Psychological distress, especially depression, associated with perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease (PFCD) is widespread and refractory. However, there is a surprising paucity of studies to date that have sought to identify the prevalence and risk factors of depression associated with PFCD. AIM: To estimate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and investigate the depression-related risk factors in patients with PFCD. METHODS: The study was conducted in the form of survey and clinical data collection via questionnaire and specialized medical staff. Depressive symptoms, life quality, and fatigue severity of patients with PFCD were assessed by Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patient Quality of Life Questionnaire (IBDQ), and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Fatigue Patient Self-assessment Scale. The basic demographic information, overall disease features, perianal clinical information, and laboratory inflammation indicators were also gathered. Multivariate regression analysis was ultimately used to ascertain the risk factors of depression associated with PFCD. RESULTS: A total of 123 patients with PFCD were involved, and 56.91% were suffering from depression. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, Perianal Disease Activity Index (PDAI) score [odds ratio (OR) = 0.69, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.50 to 0.95], IBDQ score (OR = 0.93, 95%CI: 0.88 to 0.97), modified Van Assche index (OR = 1.24, 95%CI: 1.01 to 1.53), and IBD Fatigue score (OR = 1.72, 95%CI: 1.23 to 2.42) were independent risk factors of depression-related prevalence among patients with PFCD (P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the increasing perianal modified Van Assche index (ß value = 0.166, 95%CI: 0.02 to 0.31) and decreasing IBDQ score (ß value = -0.116, 95%CI: -0.14 to -0.09) were independently associated with the severity of depression (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Depressive symptoms in PFCD patients have significantly high prevalence. PDAI score, modified Van Assche index, quality of life, and fatigue severity were the main independent risk factors.
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4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) is a crucial target enzyme in albino herbicides. The inhibition of HPPD activity interferes with the synthesis of carotenoids, blocking photosynthesis and resulting in bleaching and necrosis. To develop herbicides with excellent activity, a series of 3-hydroxy-2-(6-substituted phenoxynicotinoyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-one derivatives were designed via active substructure combination. The title compounds were characterized via infrared spectroscopy, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The structure of compound III-17 was confirmed via single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Preliminary tests demonstrated that some compounds had good herbicidal activity. Crop safety tests revealed that compound III-29 was safer than the commercial herbicide mesotrione in wheat and peanuts. Moreover, the compound exhibited the highest inhibitory activity against Arabidopsis thaliana HPPD (AtHPPD), with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 0.19 µM, demonstrating superior activity compared with mesotrione (0.28 µM) in vitro. A three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship study revealed that the introduction of smaller groups to the 5-position of cyclohexanedione and negative charges to the 3-position of the benzene ring enhanced the herbicidal activity. A molecular structure comparison demonstrated that compound III-29 was beneficial to plant absorption and conduction. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations further verified the stability of the complex formed by compound III-29 and AtHPPD. Thus, this study may provide insights into the development of green and efficient herbicides.
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4-Hidroxifenilpiruvato Dioxigenasa , Arabidopsis , Diseño de Fármacos , Inhibidores Enzimáticos , Herbicidas , 4-Hidroxifenilpiruvato Dioxigenasa/antagonistas & inhibidores , Arabidopsis/efectos de los fármacos , Arabidopsis/enzimología , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/química , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Ciclohexanonas/química , Ciclohexanonas/farmacología , Ciclohexanonas/síntesis química , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/síntesis química , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Herbicidas/síntesis química , Herbicidas/farmacología , Cetonas/síntesis química , Cetonas/farmacología , Simulación del Acoplamiento Molecular , Estructura Molecular , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Triticum/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Solvatochromes have gained great attention because of their unique roles in monitoring biomolecular location, interaction, and dynamics. Particularly, solvatochromes presenting both red-shifting excitation and dual-band switchable emission are in great demand yet significantly difficult to come true. In this article, we disclose an aromatic alcohol-based pH-sensitive chromophore NIR-HBT that not only presents red-shifting excitation and solvent-dependent dual-band emission but also shows high photostability and excellent brightness. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first solvatochrome to simultaneously display these optical properties. Especially, in contrast to the reported dual-band solvatochromes whose solvatochromism is achieved by affecting their excited state behaviors, the solvatochromism of NIR-HBT is realized by modulating its ground state proton dissociation, which is a new solvatochromic mechanism that has not been reported. Furthermore, based on the dual-band solvatochromism of NIR-HBT and its intrinsic binding ability to GQs, near-infrared ratiometric detection of GQs is achieved. These results indicate that NIR-HBT is an attractive solvatochrome that can be used to develop near-infrared ratiometric biosensors for biological research. More broadly, the discovered solvatochromic mechanism can also open new horizons for exploring the solvatochrome.
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Ethnopharmacological relevance: As a representative classical prescription, Sijunzi decoction has powerful therapeutic effects on spleen-stomach qi insufficiency. Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, diffuse, and non-specifically inflammatory disorder, the etiology of which still remains unclear. In the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) perspective, splenic asthenia is the primary cause of UC. Based on this, Sijunzi decoction has been extensively used in TCM clinical practice to alleviate UC in recent years. However, the pharmacological mechanism of Sijunzi decoction in modern medicine is still not completely clear, which limits its clinical application. Aim of the study: The purpose of this study was to investigate the Sijunzi decoction's curative effect on acute UC mice and probe into its potential pharmacological mechanism. Materials and methods: The UC mouse model was set up by freely ingesting a 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) solution. The relieving role of Sijunzi decoction on UC in mice was analyzed by evaluating the changes in clinical parameters, colon morphology, histopathology, inflammatory factor content, intestinal epithelial barrier protein expression level, and gut microbiota balance state. Finally, multivariate statistical analysis was conducted to elucidate the relationship between inflammatory factors, intestinal epithelial barrier proteins, and gut microbiota. Results: First, the research findings revealed that Sijunzi decoction could visibly ease the clinical manifestation of UC, lower the DAI score, and attenuate colonic damage. Moreover, Sijunzi decoction could also significantly inhibit IL-6, IL-1ß, and TNF-α while increasing occludin and ZO-1 expression levels. Subsequently, further studies showed that Sijunzi decoction could remodel gut microbiota homeostasis. Sijunzi decoction was beneficial in regulating the levels of Alistipes, Akkermansia, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, and other bacteria. Finally, multivariate statistical analysis demonstrated that key gut microbes were closely associated with inflammatory factors and intestinal epithelial barrier proteins. Conclusion: Sijunzi decoction can significantly prevent and treat UC. Its mechanism is strongly associated with the improvement of inflammation and intestinal epithelial barrier damage by regulating the gut microbiota.
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Recently, metal-mediated electrochemical conversion of nitrogen and hydrogen to ammonia (M-eNRRs) has been attracting intense research attention as a potential route for ammonia synthesis under ambient conditions. However, which metals should be used to mediate M-eNRRs remains unanswered. This work provides an extensive comparison of the energy consumption in the classical Haber Bosch (H-B) process and the M-eNRRs. The results indicate that when employing lithium and calcium, metals popularly used to mediate the M-eNRRs, the energy consumption is more than 10 times greater than that of the H-B process even assuming a 100% Faradaic efficiency and zero overpotentials. Only electrosynthesis with a cell voltage not exceeding 0.38 V might have the potential to rival the H-B process from an energetic perspective. A further analysis of other metals in the periodic table reveals that only some heavy metals, including In, Tl, Co, Ni, Ga, Mo, Sn, Pb, Fe, W, Ge, Re, Bi, Cu, Po, Tc, Ru, Rh, Ag, Hg, Pd, Ir, Pt, and Au, can potentially consume less energy than that of the H-B process purely from a thermodynamic standpoint, but whether they can activate N2 under ambient conditions is yet to be explored. This work shows the importance of performing thermodynamic analysis for the development of an innovative strategy to synthesize ammonia with the ultimate goal of replacing the H-B process on a large scale.
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OBJECTS: Previous studies have suggested a potential correlation between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and biological aging, but the intricate connections and mechanisms remain elusive. METHODS: In our study, we focused on two specific measures of biological age (PhenoAge and BioAge), which are derived from clinical biomarkers. The residuals of these measures, when compared to chronological age, are defined as biological age accelerations (BAAs). Utilizing the extensive UK Biobank dataset along with various genetic datasets, we conducted a thorough assessment of the relationship between BAAs and RA at both the individual and aggregate levels. RESULTS: Our observational studies revealed positive correlations between the two BAAs and the risk of developing both RA and seropositive RA. Furthermore, the genetic risk score (GRS) for PhenoAgeAccel was associated with an increased risk of RA and seropositive RA. Linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) analysis further supported these findings, revealing a positive genetic correlation between PhenoAgeAccel and RA. PLACO analysis identified 38 lead pleiotropic single nucleotide polymorphisms linked to 301 genes, providing valuable insights into the potential mechanisms connecting PhenoAgeAccel and RA. CONCLUSION: In summary, our study has successfully revealed a positive correlation between accelerated biological aging, as measured by BAAs, and the susceptibility to RA.
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Envejecimiento , Artritis Reumatoide , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Humanos , Artritis Reumatoide/genética , Artritis Reumatoide/epidemiología , Artritis Reumatoide/diagnóstico , Factores de Riesgo , Persona de Mediana Edad , Envejecimiento/genética , Femenino , Medición de Riesgo , Masculino , Factores de Edad , Fenotipo , Anciano , Desequilibrio de Ligamiento , AdultoRESUMEN
Carbon dioxide (CO2) has long been recognized as an ideal C1 feedstock comonomer for producing sustainable materials because it is renewable, abundant, and cost-effective. However, activating CO2 presents a significant challenge because it is highly oxidized and stable. A CO2/butadiene-derived δ-valerolactone (EVP), generated via palladium-catalyzed telomerization between CO2 and butadiene, has emerged as an attractive intermediate for producing sustainable copolymers from CO2 and butadiene. Owing to the presence of two active carbon-carbon double bonds and a lactone unit, EVP serves as a versatile intermediate for creating sustainable copolymers with a CO2 content of up to 29 wt % (33 mol %). In this Review, advances in the synthesis of copolymers from CO2 and butadiene with divergent structures through various polymerization protocols have been summarized. Achievements made in homo- and copolymerization of EVP or its derivatives are comprehensively reviewed, while the postmodification of the obtained copolymers to access new polymers are also discussed. Meanwhile, potential applications of the obtained copolymers are also discussed. The literature references were sorted into sections based on polymerization strategies and mechanisms, facilitating readers in gaining a comprehensive view of the present chemistry landscape and inspiring innovative approaches to synthesizing novel CO2-derived copolymers.
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Objective: This study aimed to determine if a combination of 2 abnormal lipid profiles revealed a stronger association with low bone mass than a single blood lipid abnormality alone. Methods: This study enrolled 1373 participants who had received a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan from January 2016 to December 2016 in a medical center in southern Taiwan. Logistic regression was used to examine association between lipid profiles and osteopenia or osteoporosis after adjusting for covariates. Results: Compared to people with total cholesterol (TC) < 200â mg/dL, those with TC ≥ 240â mg/dL tended to have osteopenia or osteoporosis (OR 2.61; 95% CI, 1.44-4.71). Compared to people with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) < 130â mg/dL, those with LDL-C ≥ 160â mg/dL tended to develop osteopenia or osteoporosis (OR 2.13; 95% CI, 1.21-3.74). The association of increased triglyceride and decreased bone mass was similar, although not statistically significant. Those with the combination of TG ≥ 200â mg/dL and TC ≥ 240â mg/dL had a stronger tendency to have osteopenia or osteoporosis (OR 3.51; 95% CI, 1.11-11.13) than people with only one blood lipid abnormality. Similarly, people with TG ≥ 200â mg/dL and LDL-C ≥ 160â mg/dL had a stronger tendency to have osteopenia or osteoporosis (OR 9.31; 95% CI, 1.15-75.42) than people with only one blood lipid abnormality, after adjustment for the same covariates. Conclusion: Blood levels of TC, LDL-C, and TG were associated with osteopenia or osteoporosis. Results indicate that individuals aged older than 50 years with abnormal lipid profiles should be urged to participate in a bone density survey to exclude osteopenia or osteoporosis.
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Somatic mutations contribute to cancer development by altering the activity of enhancers. In the study, a total of 135 mutation-driven enhancers, which displayed significant chromatin accessibility changes, were identified as candidate risk factors for breast cancer (BRCA). Furthermore, we identified four mutation-driven enhancers as independent prognostic factors for BRCA subtypes. In Her2 subtype, enhancer G > C mutation was associated with poorer prognosis through influencing its potential target genes FBXW9, TRIR, and WDR83. We identified aminoglutethimide and quinpirole as candidate drugs targeting the mutated enhancer. In normal subtype, enhancer G > A mutation was associated with poorer prognosis through influencing its target genes ALOX15B, LINC00324, and MPDU1. We identified eight candidate drugs such as erastin, colforsin, and STOCK1N-35874 targeting the mutated enhancer. Our findings suggest that somatic mutations contribute to breast cancer subtype progression by altering enhancer activity, which could be potential candidates for cancer therapy.
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BACKGROUND: For complete revascularization, patients with diffuse coronary artery disease should have a coronary endarterectomy and a coronary artery bypass graft (CE-CABG). Sadly, CE can lead to a lack of endothelium, which raises the risk of thrombotic events. Even though daily dual antiplatelet therapies (DAPT) have been shown to reduce thrombotic events, the risk of perioperative thrombotic events is high during the high-risk period after CE-CABG, and there is no consistent protocol to bridge DAPT. This trial aims to compare safety and efficacy between tirofiban and heparin as DAPT bridging strategies after CE-CABG. METHODS: In phase I, 266 patients undergoing CE-CABG will be randomly assigned to tirofiban and heparin treatment groups to compare the two treatments in terms of the primary safety endpoint, chest tube drainage in the first 24 h. If the phase I trial shows tirofiban non-inferiority, phase II will commence, in which an additional 464 patients will be randomly assigned. All 730 patients will be studied to compare major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) between the groups in the first 30 days after surgery. DISCUSSION: Given the possible benefits of tirofiban administration after CE-CABG, this trial has the potential to advance the field of adult coronary heart surgery. TRIAL REGISTRATION: chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR2200055697. Registered 6 January 2022. https://www.chictr.org.cn/com/25/showproj.aspx?proj=149451 . Current version: 20,220,620.
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Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria , Inhibidores de Agregación Plaquetaria , Adulto , Humanos , Tirofibán/efectos adversos , Inhibidores de Agregación Plaquetaria/efectos adversos , Heparina/efectos adversos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Puente de Arteria Coronaria/efectos adversos , Puente de Arteria Coronaria/métodos , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/cirugía , Endarterectomía , Fibrinolíticos/uso terapéutico , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Estudios Multicéntricos como AsuntoRESUMEN
Searching for new anti-ischemic stroke (anti-IS) drugs has always been a hot topic in the pharmaceutical industry. Natural products are an important source of discovering anti-IS drugs. The aim of the present study is to extract, rapidly prepare and explore the neuroprotective effect of texasin, a main active constituent from Caragana jubata (Pall.) Poir., which is a kind of Tibetan medicine with a clear anti-IS effect. The results showed that 95% ethanol was the optimal extraction solvent. A three-step rapid preparation method for texasin was successfully established, with a purity of 99.2%. Texasin at the concentration of 25-100 µM had no effect on the viability of normal cultured PC12 cells; 12.5 and 25 µM texasin could enhance the viability of PC12 cells damaged by oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R), and their effects are comparable to the positive drug edaravone at the concentration of 50 µM. Compared with the normal group, the expression of Bcl-2 protein in OGD/R-injured PC12 cells was downregulated (p < 0.01), and that of PERK, eIF2α, ATF4, CHOP, Bax and Cleaved caspase-3 proteins were upregulated (p < 0.01, p < 0.001). Compared with the OGD/R group, 25 µM texasin could upregulate the expression of Bcl-2 protein (p < 0.01), and downregulate that of PERK, eIF2α, ATF4, CHOP, Bax and Cleaved caspase-3 proteins (p < 0.01, p < 0.001). The 7-OH and 1-O of texasin formed H-bonds with residues Cys891 of the hinge ß-strand of PERK, which is crucial for kinase inhibitors. The above results suggest that the method established in the present study achieved rapid preparation of high-purity texasin. Texasin might inhibit neuronal apoptosis via the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress PERK/eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP signalling pathway to exert a protective effect on OGD/R-injured PC12 cells. Aiding by molecular docking, texasin was assumed to be a potential PERK inhibitor.
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Flexible quasi-solid-state sodium ion batteries featuring their low-cost, high safety and excellent mechanical strength have attracted widespread interest in the field of wearable electronic devices. However, the development of such batteries faces great challenges including the construction of interfacial compatible flexible electrode materials and addressing the high safety demands of electrolyte. Here selenium-vacancies regulated bimetallic selenide heterojunctions anchored on waste cotton cloth-derived flexible carbon cloth (FCC) with robust interfacial C-Se-Co/Fe chemical bonds as a flexible anode material (CCFSF) is proposed by ultrafast microwave pyrolysis method. Rich selenium vacancies and CoSe2 /FeSe2-x heterostructures are synchronously formed that can significantly improve ionic and electronic diffusion kinetics. Additionally, a uniform carbon layer coating on the surface of Se-deficient heterostructures endows it with outstanding structural stability. The flexible cathode (PB@FCC) is also fabricated by directly growing Prussian blue nanoparticles on the FCC. Furthermore, an advanced flexible quasi-solid-state Na-ion pouch cell is assembled by coupling CCFSF anode, PB@FCC cathode with P(VDF-HFP)-based gel polymer electrolyte. The full cell not only demonstrates excellent energy storage performance but also robust mechanical flexibility and safety. The present work offers an effective avenue to achieve high safety flexible energy storage device, promoting the development of flexible wearable electronic devices.