Hemilateral bone longitudinal transport technique for the treatment of hemilateral defects of long bones of lower limbs / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore clinical efficacy of Ilizarov hemilateral bone longitudinal transport technique in treating hemilateral bone defects associated with chronic osteomyelitis of lower extremity long bones.@*METHODS@#Clinical data of 13 patients with hemilateral bone defects caused by chronic osteomyelitis of lower extremity long bones and treated by Ilizarov hemilateral bone longitudinal transport technique were retrospective analyzed, including 10 males and 3 female, aged from 14 to 55 years old;4 patients occurred femoral and 9 patients occurred tibial;10 patients were diagnosed as traumatic osteomyelitis and 3 patients as hematogenous osteomyelitis. The anatomical classification of Cierny-Mader in 13 patients was type Ⅲ. Bone and wound healing, postopertaive complication, and bony and functional results were observed by Paley evaluation standard.@*RESULTS@#After removing external fixator, all patients were followed up from 6 to 70 months. Transporting time ranged from 54 to 158 d. And the time in external fixation ranged from 6.8 to 19.5 months. External fixation index (EFI) ranged from 1.23 to 1.6 months/cm. According to Paley's evaluation criteria, bony results were excellent in 13 patients;functional results showed excellent in 12 patients and good in 1 patient. Two patients occurred poor union on the docking sites and healed with autogenous iliac bone graft. The callus at the extended area was poorly mineralized and improved significantly when treated with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound in one patient. All patients had good wound healing without recurrence of osteomyelitis and refracture. There was no vascular and nerve injury and axial deviation in all patients and they were satisfied with the appearance and function of lower limbs. The range of motion of knee and ankle joint before operation was 120 ° to 150 ° and 35 °to 80 ° respectively, and at the latest follow-up was 110 ° to 140 ° and 30 ° to 75 ° .@*CONCLUSION@#Ilizarov hemilateral bone longitudinal transport technique is effective in treating infective hemilateral bone defects of lower extremity long bones, which could not only simplify architecture of external fixation, but also reduce the number of fixation pins, shorten the time in external fixator and decrease the incidence of pin tract infection. However, this technique is highly demanding, and the growth of callus in extended region and healing of bone apposition should be noticed.

Comprehensive identification of metabolites and metabolic characteristics of luteolin and kaempferol in Simiao Yong'an Decoction in rats by UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS/MS / 中国中药杂志

Simiao Yong'an Decoction is a classic prescription for treating gangrene. Modern medical evidence has proven that Si-miao Yong'an Decoction has therapeutic effects on atherosclerosis(AS), vascular occlusion angeitides, and hypertension, while its pharmacodynamic mechanism remains unclear. The evidence of network pharmacology, molecular docking, literature review, and our previous study suggests that luteolin and kaempferol are two major flavonoids in Simiao Yong'an Decoction and can inhibit macrophage inflammation and exert anti-AS effects. However, due to lack of the metabolism studies in vivo, little is known about the metabolic characteristics of luteolin and kaempferol. This study employed ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap-Orbitrap mass spectrometry(UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS/MS) and relevant software to identify the metabolites and metabolic pathways of luteolin and kaempferol in rat plasma, urine, and feces, after oral administration of luteolin and kaempferol, respectively. After the administration of luteolin, 10, 11, and 3 metabolites of luteolin were detected in the plasma, urine, and feces, respectively. After the administration of kaempferol, 9, 3, and 1 metabolites of kaempferol were detected in the plasma, urine, and feces, respectively. The metabolic pathways mainly involved methylation, glucuronidation, and sulfation. This study enriches the knowledge about the pharmacological mechanism of luteolin and kaempferol and supplies a reference for revealing the metabolic process of other flavonoids in Simiao Yong'an Decoction, which is of great significance for elucidating the pharmacological effects and effective substances of this decoction in vivo.

Effect of Sparganii Rhizoma-Curcumae Rhizoma-medicated serum on proliferation, apoptosis, and migration of human ectopic endometrial stromal cells: based on JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway / 中国中药杂志

Based on the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(JAK2/STAT3) signaling pathway, this study investigated the effect of medicated serum of Sparganii Rhizoma(SR) and Curcumae Rhizoma(CR) on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and secretion of inflammatory factors of ectopic endometrial stromal cells(ESCs). Specifically, human ESCs were primary-cultured. The effect of different concentration(5%, 10%, 20%) of SR-, CR-, and SR-CR combination-medicated serum, and AG490 solution(50 μmol·L~(-1)) on the proliferation of ESCs was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay, and the optimal dose was selected accordingly for further experiment. The cells were classified into normal serum(NS) group, SR group(10%), CR group(10%), combination(CM) group(10%), and AG490 group. The apoptosis level of ESCs was detected by flow cytometry, and the migration ability was examined by wound healing assay. The secretion of interleukin(IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The protein levels of cysteinyl aspartate specific protei-nase-3(caspase-3), B-cell lymphoma(Bcl-2), and Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax) and the levels of phosphorylated(p)-JAK2 and p-STAT3 were detected by Western blot. The results showed that the viability of ESCs cells was lowered in the administration groups compared with the blank serum group(P<0.01), especially the 10% drug-medicated serum, which was selected for further experiment. The 10% SR-medicated serum, 10% CR-medicated serum, and 10% CM-medicated serum could increase the apoptosis rate(P<0.01), up-regulate the protein expression of caspase-3 and Bax in cells(P<0.05 or P<0.01), down-regulate the expression of Bcl-2(P<0.01), decrease the cell migration rate(P<0.05 or P<0.01), and reduce the secretion levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α(P<0.05 or P<0.01), and levels of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with the SR and CR groups, CM group showed low cell viability(P<0.01), high protein expression of caspase-3 and Bax(P<0.05 or P<0.01), and low protein expression of Bcl-2 and p-JAK2(P<0.05). After incubation with CM, the apoptosis rate was higher(P<0.05) and the migration rate was lower(P<0.01) than that of the CR group. The p-STAT3 protein level of CM group was lower than that of the RS group(P<0.05). The mechanism of SR, CR, and the combination underlying the improvement of endometriosis may be that they blocked JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, inhibited ESC proliferation, promoted apoptosis, weakened cell migration, and reduced the secretion of inflammatory factors. The effect of the combination was better than that of RS alone and CR alone.

Xanthomicrol suppresses human hepatocellular carcinoma cells migration and invasion ability via Μu-opioid receptor.

BACKGROUND: Xanthomicrol is one of the methoxylated flavones and a promising cancer chemopreventive agent, but its anti-migration and anti-invasion ability on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unknown. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to explore Xanthomicrol's effects on migration and invasion ability of the human HCC Huh7 cell line. METHODS: Viability of Huh7 cells was measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay. Cell apoptosis was assayed with flow cytometry analysis. The ability of migration and invasion of Huh7 cells was then detected through Transwell assays. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins were also detected through Western blot. KEY FINDINGS: Xanthomicrol inhibits the migration and invasion of Huh7 cells. The overexpression of Μu-opioid receptor (MOR) increases Huh7 cells' proliferation and enhances migration and invasion ability, while xanthomicrol treatment decreases the expression of MOR. Moreover, xanthomicrol can reverse migration, invasion and EMT-related protein expression by overexpressed MOR. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that xanthomicrol is a potential MOR antagonist, and it possesses potent anti-migration and anti-invasion ability on Huh7 cells.

Role of DNMT3a in Hydroquinone-Induced Hematopoietic Stem Cell Toxicity / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the regulatory effect and mechanism of DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3a) in hydroquinone-induced hematopoietic stem cell toxicity.@*METHODS@#Cells (HSPC-1) were divided into 4 groups, that is A: normal HSPC-1; B: HQ-intervented HSPC-1; C: group B + pcDNA3 empty vector; D: group B + pcDNA3- DNMT3a. RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression levels of DNMT3a and PARP-1 mRNA and protein, respectively. Cell morphology was observe; Cell viability and apoptosis rate of HSPC-1 were detected by MTT and flow cytometry, respectively.@*RESULTS@#Compared with group A, the expression levels of DNMT3a mRNA and protein in HSPC-1 of group B were decreased, while PARP-1 mRNA and protein were increased (P<0.05); there was no significant difference in the above indexes between group C and group B; compared with group B, the expression levels of DNMT3a mRNA and protein showed increased, while PARP-1 mRNA and protein were decreased significantly in cells of group D transfected with DNMT3a (P<0.05). Cells in each group were transfected with DNMT3a and cultured for 24 h, HSPC-1 in group A showed high density growth and mononuclear fusion growth, while the number of HSPC-1 in group B and C decreased and grew slowly. Compared with group B and C, the cell growth rate of group D was accelerated. The MTT analysis showed that cell viability of HSPC-1 in group B were lower than that of group A at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h (P<0.05); after transfected with DNMT3a, the cell viability of HSPC-1 in group D were higher than that of group B at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h (P<0.05). The apoptosis rate of cells in group B was significantly higher than that of group A (P<0.001), while the apoptosis rate in group D was lower than that of group B (P<0.001).@*CONCLUSION@#DNMT3a may be involved in the damage of hematopoietic stem cells induced by hydroquinone, which may be related to the regulation of PARP-1 activity by hydroquinone-inhibited DNMT3a.

Biomechanical study on the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture of A3.3 type with medial sustainable nail and proximal femoral anti-rotation nail / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#A3 intertrochanteric fracture is an extremely unstable fracture, which is often treated with intramedullary nail, but the implant failure is common due to the posterior medial fragment cannot be reconstructed. A new medial sustainable nail (MSN-Ⅱ) which can reconstruct the femoral medial support by sustainable screw was introduced in this study. The mechanical effect was verified by biomechanical experiment.@*METHODS@#The loss medial support model of intertrochanteric fracture (A3) was made by artificial Sawbones model, fixed with MSN-Ⅱ and PFNA-Ⅱ, underwent axial loading and axial failure tests. The axial stiffness, yield load, displacement of head-neck fragment and torsional angle of fracture site of these nails were recorded and compared for biomechanical differences. The effect of early reconstruction of medial support with MSN-Ⅱ was determined.@*RESULTS@#The axial stiffness, yield load, the displacement of head and neck fragment when the axial load was 1 800 N and torsional angle of the fracture site after the axial failure test of MSN-Ⅱ were (222.76 ±62.46) N /mm, (4 241.71 ±847.42) N, (11.51 ±0.62) mm, (1.71 ±0.10)° respectively, while the PFNA -Ⅱ was (184.58±40.59) N /mm, (3 058.76±379.63) N, (16.15±1.36) mm, (2.52±0.26)°respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant.@*CONCLUSION@#The axial stiffness of MSN-Ⅱ is better than that of PFNA-Ⅱ. The MSN-Ⅱ can bear more loads when fixed A3.3 intertrochanteric fracture and has greater axial and rotational stability. It is an effective means to reconstruct the medial support of A3 intertrochanteric fracture.

Medial support nail and proximal femoral nail antirotation in the treatment of reverse obliquity inter-trochanteric fractures (Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Osteosynthesfrogen/Orthopedic Trauma Association 31-A3.1): a finite-element analysis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#The reverse obliquity inter-trochanteric fracture is a distinct fracture pattern that is mechanically different from most inter-trochanteric fractures and the optional treatment of it is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to compare differences in the efficacy of a novel nail (medial support nail [MSN-II]) and proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA-II) in the treatment of reverse obliquity inter-trochanteric fractures (Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Osteosynthesfrogen/Orthopedic Trauma Association [AO/OTA] 31-A3.1) using finite-element analysis.@*METHODS@#Modeling software was used to establish a three-dimensional model of MSN-II and PFNA-II and an A3.1 inter-trochanteric fracture model. Abaqus software was used to implement different force loads to compare finite-element biomechanical parameters such as the maximum stress in implant and the displacement of fracture site.@*RESULTS@#The femoral stress, implant stress and fracture site displacement of MSN-II was less than that of PFNA-II. The results indicated that the maximal femoral stress was 581 MPa for PFNA-II and 443 MPa for the MSN-II. The maximum stress values in the PFNA-II and MSN-II models were 291 and 241 MPa, respectively. The maximal displacements of the fracture site were 1.47 and 1.16 mm in the PFNA-II and MSN-II models, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#Compared with PFNA-II for inter-trochanteric fracture (AO/OTA 31-A3.1), MSN-II which was designed with a triangular stability structure can provide better biomechanical stability. The MSN-II may be a feasible option for the treatment of reverse obliquity inter-trochanteric fracture.

The value of platelet count in predicting the efficacy of rituximab treatment in adult patients with chronic primary immune thrombocytopenia / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To investigate the value of platelet count in predicting the efficacy of rituximab treatment in chronic primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in 103 chronic ITP patients hospitalized in our medical center between January 2011 and December 2014. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) of platelet count in different time points were analyzed for the predictor of treatment response. Optimal cutoff values were established using ROC analysis. Results: A total of 103 patients were included in the study. There were 46 males and 57 females, with a median age of 30 (18-67) years. At day 1, 3 and 7 after the first dose of rituximab, there was no significant difference in platelet counts between the success group (PLT≥50×10(9)/L after treatment) and the failure group (PLT≤50×10(9)/L after treatment) (P>0.05). At day 14 after rituximab treatment (PTD 14), platelet counts became significantly different in the success and failure groups[41(8-384)×10(9)/L vs 23(0-106)×10(9)/L, P=0.003], and remained different thereafter, with increasing significance in the subsequent follow-ups. Patients were divided further using an optimal cut-off platelet count of 50×10(9)/L on PTD 14, PTD 30, and PTD 60, and PPV and NPV values were calculated for predicting eventual success and failure. Conclusion: Response can be predicted by obtaining platelet counts at 14, 30 and 60 days after rituximab treatment. The study proposed a protocol that guides patient monitoring and management planning.

Beliefs about medicines and non-adherence in patients with stroke, diabetes mellitus and rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional study in China.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate beliefs about medicines and their association with medicine adherence in patients with chronic diseases in China. DESIGN: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study SETTING: Two large urban hospitals in Hefei and Tianjin, China PARTICIPANTS: Hospital inpatients (313 stroke patients) and outpatients (315 diabetic patients and 339 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients) were recruited between January 2014 and September 2014. OUTCOME MEASURES: The Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ), assessing patients' beliefs about the specific medicine (Specific-Necessity and Specific-Concerns) prescribed for their conditions (stroke/diabetes/RA) and more general background beliefs about pharmaceuticals as a class of treatment (BMQ-General Benefit, Harm and Overuse); the Perceived Sensitivity to Medicines scale (PSM) assessed patients' beliefs about how sensitive they were to the effects of medicines and the Medication Adherence Report Scale. The association between non-adherence and beliefs about medicines was assessed using a logistic regression model. RESULTS: Patients with diabetes mellitus had a stronger perceived need for treatment (mean (SD) Specific-Necessity score, 3.75 (0.40)) than patients with stroke (3.69 (0.53)) and RA (3.66 (0.44)) (p=0.049). Moderate correlations were observed between Specific-Concerns and General-Overuse, General-Harm and PSM (Pearson correlation coefficients, 0.39, 0.49 and 0.49, respectively, p<0.01). Three hundred and eleven patients were non-adherent to their medicine (159 (51.0%) in the stroke group, 60 (26.7%) in the diabetes mellitus group and 62 (19.8%) in the RA group, p<0.01). Across the whole sample, after adjusting for demographic characteristics, non-adherence was associated with patients who had higher concerns about their medicines (OR, 1.35, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.71) and patients who believed that they were personally sensitive to the effects of medications (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.85). CONCLUSION: The BMQ is a useful tool to identify patients at risk of non-adherence. In the future, adherence intervention studies may use the BMQ to screen for patients who are at risk of non-adherence and to map interventional support.

Analysis of Different Parts of Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb.Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

The radix,leaf,flower and bud of raw medicinal materials and extraction of total alkaloids of Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb.were all involved in this investigation.All the compositions from the samples were analyzed through fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) combined with second derivative IR spectroscopy and two-dimensional IR correlation spectroscopy (2D-IR).It was found that the spectra of raw medicinal materials showed that the radix of A.kusnezoffii Reichb.featuring a large quantity of starch was the same as starch with the characteristic peaks at 1,155,1,070 and 1,019.The leaf,flower and bud contained the similar aromatic hydrocarbons (1,600),glycosides (1,050-1,070),while lipids were not clear.The characteristic peaks of the buds,flowers and leaves were all at 1,595 cm-1 (vibration of phenyl framework) and 1,262 cm-1 (=C-O).Therefore,it was suggested that the common compound of the three parts be diterpenoid alkaloids.Second derivative IR spectroscopy showed that the characteristic peaks of radix was stronger than those of the flower,leaf and bud at 1,712 cm-1 (C=O),which proved that the quantity of characteristic peaks in the radix was larger than those in the flower,leaf and bud.In addition,six autopeaks at 1,745,1,650,1,560 (the most strong),1,465,1,400,1,300 were detected from the radix.The similar autopeaks at 1,745,1,650,1,560 (the most strong),1,465,1,400,1,300 were found in the leaf,bud and flower.In conclusion,it was demonstrated that the macro-fingerprint infrared spectroscopic identification method provided a large quantity of the comprehensive information and entirely grasped the quality of A.kusnezoffii Reichb.Besides,FTIR and 2D-IR provided massive information of the integral structures of the radix,leaf,flower and bud of A.kusnezoffii Reichb.and verified the differences between the four parts of the herb in physical structure and the contents,laying a foundation for further systematic work.

Clinical Characteristic of 34 Patients with Extranodal Nasal Type NK/T-Cell Lymphoma / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective Analysis of clinical features and treatment of nasal type NK/T cell lymphoma, to improve the understanding of this special type of lymphoma.Method The clinical data of 34 patients with nasal type NK/T cell lymphoma confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed.Result In 31 cases, 26 cases were EB virus (EBV) infection positive, recent Treatment Effectiveness in the positive group was significantly lower than the negative group (38.46%vs. 87.50%;P<0.05) . Follow up showed until October 2015, 19 of 34 patients died. Among them, 17 cases died of disease relapse or progression, 2 cases died of other diseases. 15 patients survived (11 of them were disease-free) and the median overall survival time was 37 months. The 2 year overall survival was related to clinical stage, B symptoms, EBV infection (the P values were 0.017/0.001, 0.005, and 0.039 respectively).Conclusion EBV infection is associated with patient's treatment response in NK/T-Cell Lymphoma; and the prognosis is associated with clinical features such as clinical stage, B symptom, and EBV infection.

"Impact of ""Comparative Case Learning"" on Medical Students' Analytical Ability in Clinical Case" / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective Pathophysiology has high comprehensiveness and practical characteristics. Developing analytical capacity is a major teaching aim of Pathophysiology. This study was aimed to build up the basic knowledge of pathophysiology and develop a critical approach through comparative case learning in medical students. Methods A pair of related cases were chosen in this study. Comparative case learning was performed in our lecture. Case analysis was tested before and after comparative case learning,and a self-evaluation was accessed after comparative case learning. The scores of case-analyzing test and self-evaluation assessment were statistically analyzed. Results Using“comparative case learning”in pathophysiology could improve medical students' case-analyzing score,especially in clinical syndrome analyzing examination questions(difficult examination questions). There was a significant correlation between high score of clinical syndrome analyzing examination and students' self-evaluation. ConclusionComparative case learning could improve the analytical,data searching and comprehensive abilities,thereby enhancing a case-analyzing ability in medical students.

Ejaculatory duct dilation combined with seminal vesicle clysis for refractory hematospermia: A report of 32 cases / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>Objective</b>To evaluate the effect of ejaculatory duct dilation combined with seminal vesicle clysis in the treatment of refractory hematospermia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using ureteroscopy, we treated 32 patients with refractory hematospermia by transurethral dilation of the ejaculatory duct combined with clysis of the seminal vesicle with diluent gentamicin.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The operation was successfully accomplished in 31 cases, with the mean operation time of 32 (26－47) minutes. The patients were followed up for 6－39 (mean 23.6) months. No complications, such as urinary incontinence and retrograde ejaculation, were found after operation. Hematospermia completely disappeared in 27 cases, was relieved in 1, and recurred in 3 after 3 months postoperatively. Those with erectile dysfunction or mental anxiety symptoms showed significantly decreased scores of IIEF-Erectile Function (IIEF-EF) and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Ejaculatory duct dilation combined with seminal vesicle clysis under the ureteroscope, with its the advantages of high effectiveness and safety, minimal invasiveness, few complications, and easy operation, deserves general clinical application in the treatment of refractory hematospermia.</p>

Dynamic Alterations in Microarchitecture, Mineralization and Mechanical Property of Subchondral Bone in Rat Medial Meniscal Tear Model of Osteoarthritis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The properties of subchondral bone influence the integrity of articular cartilage in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). However, the characteristics of subchondral bone alterations remain unresolved. The present study aimed to observe the dynamic alterations in the microarchitecture, mineralization, and mechanical properties of subchondral bone during the progression of OA.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A medial meniscal tear (MMT) operation was performed in 128 adult Sprague Dawley rats to induce OA. At 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks following the MMT operation, cartilage degeneration was evaluated using toluidine blue O staining, whereas changes in the microarchitecture indices and tissue mineral density (TMD), mineral-to-collagen ratio, and intrinsic mechanical properties of subchondral bone plates (BPs) and trabecular bones (Tbs) were measured using micro-computed tomography scanning, confocal Raman microspectroscopy and nanoindentation testing, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Cartilage degeneration occurred and worsened progressively from 2 to 12 weeks after OA induction. Microarchitecture analysis revealed that the subchondral bone shifted from bone resorption early (reduced trabecular BV/TV, trabecular number, connectivity density and trabecular thickness [Tb.Th], and increased trabecular spacing (Tb.Sp) at 2 and 4 weeks) to bone accretion late (increased BV/TV, Tb.Th and thickness of subchondral bone plate, and reduced Tb.Sp at 8 and 12 weeks). The TMD of both the BP and Tb displayed no significant changes at 2 and 4 weeks but decreased at 8 and 12 weeks. The mineral-to-collagen ratio showed a significant decrease from 4 weeks for the Tb and from 8 weeks for the BP after OA induction. Both the elastic modulus and hardness of the Tb showed a significant decrease from 4 weeks after OA induction. The BP showed a significant decrease in its elastic modulus from 8 weeks and its hardness from 4 weeks.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The microarchitecture, mineralization and mechanical properties of subchondral bone changed in a time-dependent manner as OA progressed.</p>

Treatment of scaphoid nonunion: Pedicled vascularized bone graft vs. traditional bone graft / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The clinical results of the application of pedicled vascularized bone graft (VBG) from Lister's tubercle vs. traditional bone graft (TBG) were evaluated and compared. Thirteen cases of symptomatic scaphoid nonunion were treated between January 2011 and December 2012, including 7 cases subject to VBG and the rest 6 cases to TBG, respectively. Outcomes were assessed by modified Mayo wrist score system. All cases were followed up for an average period of 3.5 months after operation. The results showed that total scores in VBG group were 86.4±9.4 after operation with excellent result in 4 cases, good in 2 and acceptable in one, and those in TBG group were 71.7±9.3 after operation with good result in 2 cases, acceptable in 3 and disappointing in one. Total score of wrist function was significantly improved in VBG group as compared with TBG group (P<0.05). Our study suggests that VBG method is more effective for treating scaphoid nonunion than TBG method.

Treatment of scaphoid nonunion: pedicled vascularized bone graft vs. traditional bone graft / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The clinical results of the application of pedicled vascularized bone graft (VBG) from Lister's tubercle vs. traditional bone graft (TBG) were evaluated and compared. Thirteen cases of symptomatic scaphoid nonunion were treated between January 2011 and December 2012, including 7 cases subject to VBG and the rest 6 cases to TBG, respectively. Outcomes were assessed by modified Mayo wrist score system. All cases were followed up for an average period of 3.5 months after operation. The results showed that total scores in VBG group were 86.4±9.4 after operation with excellent result in 4 cases, good in 2 and acceptable in one, and those in TBG group were 71.7±9.3 after operation with good result in 2 cases, acceptable in 3 and disappointing in one. Total score of wrist function was significantly improved in VBG group as compared with TBG group (P<0.05). Our study suggests that VBG method is more effective for treating scaphoid nonunion than TBG method.

Effect of Astragali Radix injection on myocardial cell mitochondrial structure and function in process of reversing myocardial cell hypertrophy / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study pathological and therapeutical problems concerning myocardial cell mitochondria changes during myocardial cell hypertrophy by culturing rat primary myocardial cells.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Primary myocardial cells were seperated and cultured together with angiotensin II (Ang II) for 72 or 96 hours. The total protein content with the BCA method and the photography and measurement of cell diameter with inverted microscope reflected myocardial cell proliferation. The mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta Psi m) with fluorescence microscope, the mitochondrial single amine oxidase (MAO) activity with spectrophotometer, the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase (COX) activity and the injury percentage of mitochondrial outer membrane with microplate reader and the contents of ATP, ADP, AMP with high performance liquid chromatography reflected the injury and energy metabolism of myocardial cell mitochondrial structure and function when being cultured together with Ang II. On that basis, cells were treated with Astragali Radix injection and valsartan for observing pharmacological effects on mitochondrial structure and function in restructured myocardial cells.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>In 72 h and 96 h, compare with the control group, the model group showed significantly increased total protein content and enlarged myocardial cell diameter. During the course of proliferation, the myocardial cell MAO activity and the injury percentage of mitochondrial outer membrane were significantly increased, with significant decrease in mitochondrial COX activity, mitochondrial Delta Psi m and the content of ATP, ADP and rise in the content of AMP. Astragali Radix injection and valsartan reduced myocardial cell total protein content and cell diameter caused by Ang II, decreased myocardial cell MAO activity, significantly increased mitochondrial COX activity and the content of ATP and ADP, and decreased the content of AMP.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>During the process of myocardial hypertrophy, the injury of mitochondrial structure and function and the changes in myocardial cell energy metabolism injury occurred after the injury of mitochondria. Astragali Radix injection and valsartan can reverse myocardial cell mitochondrial structure and function during myocardial cell hypertrophy caused by Ang II. Reversion of myocardial cell hypertrophy and restructuring of myocardial cells helps improve energy metabolism of the myocardial cells.</p>

Study on antioxidant effect of Herba Lycopi and screening of active fractions / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To Study the antioxidant activity of Herba Lycopi, and screen the main active fractions.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The different polar fractions were isolated from the ethanol extract of Herba Lycopi. The scavenging activity to DPPH and superoxide anions, reducing effect on Fe3+, and inhibiting activity of lipid peroxidation of the fractions were studied in vitro by high-throughput screening technique.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction (LLE-A. E, MCCM2921) and n-buthanol fraction (LLE-A. B, MCCM2922) of Herba Lycopi showed the scavenging activity to DPPH and superoxide anions, reducing effect on Fe3+, and inhibiting activity of lipid peroxidation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The ethanol extract and different polar fractions showed antioxidant capacity in vitro. That may be explain that the effect of activating blood and dissolving stasis and anti-fibrosis of Herba Lycopi in traditional application. The results may be helpful for further development of Herba Lycopi as a low-toxic antioxidant drug.</p>

Clinical value of ATP determination in CD4+ cells of patients with cytomegaloviral pneumonia after kidney transplantation / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical value of determination of ATP levels in CD4(+) cells of patients with cytomegaloviral pneumonia after kidney transplantation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-eight patients with cytomegaloviral pneumonia following kidney transplantation and 30 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. ATP-bioluminescence assay (ATP-CVA) was used to assess the immune response of CD4(+) cells to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation in the normal volunteers and the recipients (before and at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after renal transplantation, before and at 2 and 4 week after the treatment).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>ATP concentration in CD4(+) cells of the recipients was 402-/+58 ng/ml before the operation, significantly lower than that in normal volunteers (458-/+196 ng/ml, P<0.05), and reached the lowest level in the first week after operation especially in the recipients with antibody-inducing therapy; ATP level increased slowly since week 2 post-operation, but still remained significantly lower than the preoperative by the fourth week (266-/+87 ng/ml, P<0.05), especially in the recipients receiving antibody-inducing therapy. In the event of cytomegaloviral pneumonia, ATP level underwent a mild reduction to 152-/+78 ng/ml in comparison with the postoperative level at the first week (P>0.05), and was significantly lower than preoperative level (P<0.01); the decrease was especially obvious during the exacerbation of the condition. ATP level then increased slowly after effective treatment, but was still lower than the preoperative level at 4 weeks after the operation (336-/+92 ng/ml, P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The determination of ATP level in CD4(+) cells allows more accurate assessment of the cellular immunity in the renal transplant recipients with cytomegaloviral pneumonia to help in the clinical treatment of the patients.</p>

Novel three-dimensional nerve tissue engineering scaffolds and its biocompatibility with Schwann cells / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a novel scaffolding method for the copolymers poly lactide-co-glycolide acid (PLGA) to construct a three-dimensional (3-D) scaffold and explore its biocompatibility through culturing Schwann cells (SCs) on it.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The 3-D scaffolds were made by means of melt spinning, extension and weaving. The queueing discipline of the micro-channels were observed under a scanning electronic microscope (SEM).The sizes of the micropores and the factors of porosity were also measured. Sciatic nerves were harvested from 3-day-old Sprague Dawley (SD) rats for culture of SCs. SCs were separated, purified, and then implanted on PLGA scaffolds, gelatin sponge and poly-L-lysine (PLL)-coated tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) were used as biomaterial and cell-supportive controls, respectively. The effect of PLGA on the adherence, proliferation and apoptosis of SCs were examined in vitro in comparison with gelatin sponge and TCPS.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The micro-channels arrayed in parallel manners, and the pore sizes of the channels were uniform. No significant difference was found in the activity of Schwann cells cultured on PLGA and those on TCPS (P larger than 0.05), and the DNA of PLGA scaffolds was not damaged.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The 3-D scaffolds developed in this study have excellent structure and biocompatibility, which may be taken as a novel scaffold candidate for nerve-tissue engineering.</p>