RESUMEN
We explore by extensive mutagenesis regions in the sequence allowing reversal of the allosteric response of Tet repressor. The wild type requires anhydrotetracycline for induction. About 100 mutants are presented, which, in contrast, require the drug for repression. Their mutations are clustered at the interface of the DNA- and inducer-binding domains. This interface consists of a central hydrophobic region surrounded by several hydrogen bonds. While most of the mutants described here contain two to five mutations, we found five positions in this region of TetR, at which single amino acid exchanges lead to activity reversal. They may disrupt the hydrogen-bonding network bordering the domain interface. We assume that the mutations cause a repositioning of the DNA reading head with respect to the effector binding core so that the same conformational change can result in opposite activities.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Represoras/metabolismo , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Sustitución de Aminoácidos , Secuencia de Bases , Codón/genética , Resistencia a Medicamentos , Escherichia coli/genética , Modelos Moleculares , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Mutagénesis Sitio-Dirigida , Conformación Proteica , Proteínas Recombinantes/química , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismo , Proteínas Represoras/química , Proteínas Represoras/genéticaRESUMEN
We report for the first time the in vitro characterization of a reverse tetracycline repressor (revTetR). The dimeric wild-type repressor (TetR) binds to tet operator tetO in the absence of the inducer anhydrotetracycline (atc) to confer tight repression. We have isolated the revTetR G96E L205S mutant, which, contrary to TetR, binds tetO only in the presence of atc. This reverse acting mutant was overproduced and purified. Effector and DNA binding properties were analyzed by EMSA and quantified by fluorescence titration and surface plasmon resonance. The association constant K(A) of revTetR for binding of [atcMg](+) is approximately 10(8) M(-1), four orders of magnitude lower than that of TetR. The affinity of TetR for tetO is 5.6 +/- 2 x 10(9) M(-1) and that for revTetR in the presence of atc is 1 +/- 0.2 x 10(8) M(-1). Both induced forms, the atc-bound TetR and the free revTetR, have the same low affinity of 4 +/- 1 x 10(5) M(-1) for DNA. Therefore, atc does not act as a dimerization agent for revTetR. We discuss the structural differences between TetR and revTetR potentially underlying this reversal of activity.