An inferior vena cava discontinuity with an hepato-renal accessory vein development: A radio-anatomical morphometric case study.

PURPOSE: Inferior vena cava (IVC) agenesis is an uncommon congenital vascular anomaly stemming from aberrant development during embryogenesis. It results from the failure of one or more of the supracardinal veins, subcardinal veins, vitelline veins or postcardinal veins to connect. The symptomatology resulting from this vascular malformation can be either absent or extremely rich and varied. METHODS: Thoracoabdominal-pelvic CT scan projections following iodine-based contrast product injection were analyzed and a three-dimensional model of vascularization constructed. RESULTS: Herein, an asymptomatic case of IVC agenesis with absence of the suprarenal and renal segments, with azygos continuation, presenting an accessory hepatorenal vein is reported. The presence of this type of accessory vein has never been described in the literature to date. The etiology of this case of IVC agenesis is explored in depth. We also analyzed the morphometric parameters of the IVC remnant segments and the azygos vein in order to quantify the dilatation of the collateral venous pathway overdeveloped to handle blood return. CONCLUSION: Using the findings from this case and those reported in the literature, we provide general recommendations that should be taken into account before managing a patient, symptomatic or asymptomatic, admitted to the hospital with IVC agenesis.

Índice de masa corporal y resultados hospitalarios en pacientes de 80 años con infarto de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST. Resultados de un país de bajos ingresos sin intervención coronaria

BackgroundIn most scenarios from low/middle income countries, pharmacological approach for ST elevation Myocardial Infarction is still use. In these setting and increase proportion of elderly patients is awaited. So it is also expected to have older patients with suboptimal treatment and risk stratification.ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of the body mass index (BMI) on in-hospital outcomes in a cohort of elderly (≥80 years) patients, from a center without coronary intervention.MethodsPatient's ≥80 years of age admitted to our institution between June 2014 and May 2019 with STEMI, were divided according BMI tertiles (BMI tertile 1: ≪22.36 kg/m2, BMI tertile2: 22.36–25.71 kg/m2, and BMI tertile 3: ≫25.71 kg/m2). The primary endpoint was all-cause in-hospital mortalityResultsOut of 118 patients, 41 (34.74 Percent) were women. Median age was 84.4 ± 3.5 years and median BMI 24.1 ± 3.7 kg/m2. Women had a higher BMI than men (24.4 ± 4.0 vs 24.0 ± 3.6; p: 0.535). All-cause mortality was 33.3 Percent, 2.5 Percent, and 15 Percent for lower, middle, and higher BMI tertiles (p=0.002). To belong to BMI tertile 1 was associated with an increased all-cause mortality (OR: 5.15, 95 Percent CI 1.84–14.28, p = 0.001); and in patients without administration of streptokinase (OR: 9.52, 95 Percent CI 2.34–38.45, p = 0.001).ConclusionThis study reports association between lower BMI values and increased mortality in elderly patients with and without pharmacological reperfusion with streptokinase.[AU]

índice de masa corporal y mortalidad intrahospitalaria en pacientes del Registro de Síndromes Coronarios Agudos (RESCuE)

En el Infarto Agudo de Miocardio (IAM), algunos estudios muestran mejor pronóstico del paciente obeso (paradoja de Obesidad). Objetivo: determinar la asociación existente entre Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) y Mortalidad intrahospitalaria en serie de casos no consecutivos ingre-sados con IMA.Método: Se establecieron 4 grupos: Bajopeso (IMC <20 kg/m2), Normopeso (IMC: +20-25 kg/m2sc), Sobrepeso (IMC: +25-30 kg/m2sc), y Obeso (IMC: +30 kg/m2sc). Se dividieron en dos grupos diagnósticos: pacientes con Infarto Con Elevación de ST (IAMCEST) e IAM. Se estudiaron variables clínicas, complicaciones, estado hemodinámico al ingreso y egreso.Resultados: Con respecto a pacientes con IMC < 20 kg/m2sc, la asociación con mortalidad en pacientes con IAMCEST fue: en Normopesos 0.22 (IC: 0.05-0.86, p:0.001), Sobrepeso: 0.03 (IC: 0.02-0.23, p:0.001), Obesos 0.52 (IC: 0.11-2.4, p:0.41); en IAM: Normopesos 0.3 (0.1-1.18, p:0.007), Sobrepesos 0.05 (0.01-0.32, p:0.001), en Obesos 0.62 (0.14-2.6, p:0.52).[AU]

Quantitative Imaging of Regional Aerosol Deposition, Lung Ventilation and Morphology by Synchrotron Radiation CT.

To understand the determinants of inhaled aerosol particle distribution and targeting in the lung, knowledge of regional deposition, lung morphology and regional ventilation, is crucial. No single imaging modality allows the acquisition of all such data together. Here we assessed the feasibility of dual-energy synchrotron radiation imaging to this end in anesthetized rabbits; both in normal lung (n = 6) and following methacholine (MCH)-induced bronchoconstriction (n = 6), a model of asthma. We used K-edge subtraction CT (KES) imaging to quantitatively map the regional deposition of iodine-containing aerosol particles. Morphological and regional ventilation images were obtained, followed by quantitative regional iodine deposition maps, after 5 and 10 minutes of aerosol administration. Iodine deposition was markedly inhomogeneous both in normal lung and after induced bronchoconstrition. Deposition was significantly reduced in the MCH group at both time points, with a strong dependency on inspiratory flow in both conditions (R2 = 0.71; p < 0.0001). We demonstrate for the first time, the feasibility of KES CT for quantitative imaging of lung deposition of aerosol particles, regional ventilation and morphology. Since these are among the main factors determining lung aerosol deposition, we expect this imaging approach to bring new contributions to the understanding of lung aerosol delivery, targeting, and ultimately biological efficacy.