Predictors of behavior problems in three-year-old sons of alcoholics: early evidence for the onset of risk.

We investigated risk factors in a population-based sample of alcoholic (father) and comparison families with 3-year-old sons. Alcoholic and comparison parents did not differ in socioeconomic status (SES), education, years married, family size, or cognitive functioning. Antisocial behavior and depression were significantly greater in alcoholic parents. High risk children were more impulsive than comparison children, but there were no differences in developmental age, IQ, or behavior problems. A higher percentage of high-risk children were rated in the extreme clinical range for behavior problems than were comparison children. For alcoholic families, mothers' ratings of their children's total behavior problems, externalizing behavior problems, and internalizing behavior problems were predicted by mothers' lifetime alcohol problems, current depression, and family SES. Father variables failed to predict children's behavior problems. Maternal variables were stronger predictors of their 3-year-old sons' problem behaviors than were paternal variables.

[Information and counseling by rehabilitation carriers]. / Auskunft und Beratung durch die Rehabilitationsträger.

Based on an overview of the rehabilitation carriers' responsibilities within the social-political system of the Federal Republic of Germany, the contents and organization of counselling by the rehabilitation carriers are set out, along with the approaches taken for staff qualification in this respect. The importance of rehabilitation counselling is pointed out, which, in the face of already discernible labour market and social policy developments, is going to increase even further.