RESUMEN
STDs have worldwide distribution and result in immense social and economic cost. Knowledge of the clinical signs, symptoms, current clinical tests, and treatment recommendations is important for all health care professionals.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Bacterianas de Transmisión Sexual/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Bacterianas de Transmisión Sexual/terapia , Enfermedades Virales de Transmisión Sexual/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Virales de Transmisión Sexual/terapia , Humanos , Incidencia , Pronóstico , Factores de Riesgo , Enfermedades Bacterianas de Transmisión Sexual/epidemiología , Enfermedades Virales de Transmisión Sexual/epidemiología , Estados Unidos/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
This article will review the 1993 STD Treatment Guidelines of particular importance to dermatologic clinical practice. Topics include STD/HIV prevention, management of sexual partners, STD in persons with HIV co-infection, genital ulcer disease (GUD) including syphilis, herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) and chancroid, therapy of nongonococcal (NGU) and chlamydial urethritis and cervicitis, gonococcal (GC) infections, HPV infection, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, pediculosis pubis, and scabies.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual/tratamiento farmacológico , Chancroide/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Chlamydia/tratamiento farmacológico , Gonorrea/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por VIH/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por VIH/prevención & control , Herpes Genital/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , Infestaciones por Piojos/tratamiento farmacológico , Linfogranuloma Venéreo/tratamiento farmacológico , Papillomaviridae , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/tratamiento farmacológico , Guías de Práctica Clínica como Asunto , Escabiosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual/prevención & control , Sífilis/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones Tumorales por Virus/tratamiento farmacológico , Uretritis/tratamiento farmacológico , Uretritis/microbiologíaRESUMEN
This review highlights recent developments in the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of nonbacterial sexually transmitted infections. Genital herpes simplex, anogenital human papillomavirus disease, molluscum contagiosum, pediculosis pubis, and scabies are discussed.
Asunto(s)
Infestaciones Ectoparasitarias , Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual , Infestaciones Ectoparasitarias/diagnóstico , Infestaciones Ectoparasitarias/terapia , Femenino , Herpes Genital/diagnóstico , Herpes Genital/terapia , Humanos , Infestaciones por Piojos/diagnóstico , Infestaciones por Piojos/terapia , Masculino , Molusco Contagioso/diagnóstico , Molusco Contagioso/terapia , Papillomaviridae , Escabiosis/diagnóstico , Escabiosis/terapia , Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual/terapia , Enfermedades Virales de Transmisión Sexual/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Virales de Transmisión Sexual/terapia , Infecciones Tumorales por Virus/diagnóstico , Infecciones Tumorales por Virus/terapiaRESUMEN
This update reviews the latest diagnostic and therapeutic methods regarding sexually transmitted diseases caused by bacteria. The following mucocutaneous bacterial disorders will be discussed: syphilis, chancroid, lymphogranuloma venereum, granuloma inguinale, and gonorrhea.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Bacterianas de Transmisión Sexual/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Bacterianas de Transmisión Sexual/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades Cutáneas Infecciosas/etiología , Femenino , Infecciones por VIH/complicaciones , Humanos , Masculino , Embarazo , Enfermedades Bacterianas de Transmisión Sexual/complicaciones , Enfermedades Cutáneas Infecciosas/microbiologíaRESUMEN
The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of 0.5% podofilox solution (Condylox) for the treatment of genital warts in women. Thirty-seven women with anogenital warts applied the solution to the surface of these warts twice daily for 3 days, followed by 4 drug-free days. A minimum of two and a maximum of four treatment cycles were given. The subjects were evaluated weekly for the first 4 weeks and again at 6 and 10 weeks. At the end of 10 weeks, the mean number of warts per patient was reduced from 6.27 to 1.1, and half of the patients were completely cleared of warts. Only eight of 37 subjects (21.6%) developed new warts during the study period. Approximately 15% of patients reported "severe" local reactions to the treatment after the first treatment cycle, but this was reduced to only 5% by the last treatment cycle. During the same period, the patients reporting no side effects increased from 44 to 86%. The only woman who discontinued the study did so because of dizziness and epigastric discomfort, probably unrelated to drug use. Thus, 0.5% podofilox solution appears to be an effective treatment for condylomata acuminata, with acceptable side effects that are local and temporary.
Asunto(s)
Condiloma Acuminado/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias de los Genitales Femeninos/tratamiento farmacológico , Podofilotoxina/administración & dosificación , Administración Tópica , Adulto , Animales , Esquema de Medicación , Femenino , Humanos , Podofilotoxina/uso terapéutico , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) type B, which was previously found mainly in equatorial Africa, was investigated with the polymerase chain reaction in a population of healthy adults in Memphis, Tennessee. EBV was detected in the throat washings of 34 (22%) of 157 randomly selected donors, 14 (41%) of whom had type B virus and 17 (50%) type A; 3 donors (9%) had both strains. 18 additional adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection and 6 severely immunocompromised children were also investigated. Results indicated that type B EBV is widespread in nature and may be reactivated by immunodeficiency.
Asunto(s)
ADN Viral/análisis , Herpesvirus Humano 4/aislamiento & purificación , Técnicas de Amplificación de Ácido Nucleico , Adulto , Secuencia de Bases , Línea Celular , Femenino , Genitales Femeninos/microbiología , Genotipo , Herpesvirus Humano 4/clasificación , Herpesvirus Humano 4/genética , Herpesvirus Humano 4/fisiología , Humanos , Tolerancia Inmunológica , Activación de Linfocitos , Masculino , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Sondas de Oligonucleótidos , Orofaringe/microbiología , Factores de Riesgo , Muestreo , Replicación ViralRESUMEN
The dermatologic findings indicative of STDs are invaluable clues to accurate diagnosis. The sexual consorts of confirmed and suspected STD patients must be promptly evaluated and treated of disease spread is to be curtailed. It is important to remember that some patients will present with more than one STD (Fig. 36). Sexually transmitted diseases in black patients may be atypical or exaggerated because of the host's unique tissue response. Every patient should be counseled regarding "safer sex."
Asunto(s)
Población Negra , Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual/etnología , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual/complicaciones , Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual/terapia , Enfermedades de la Piel/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de la Piel/etiología , Enfermedades de la Piel/terapiaAsunto(s)
Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/prevención & control , Seropositividad para VIH/diagnóstico , Femenino , Promoción de la Salud/educación , Humanos , Masculino , Educación del Paciente como Asunto/legislación & jurisprudencia , Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual/prevención & controlAsunto(s)
Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual/diagnóstico , Chancroide/diagnóstico , Femenino , Gonorrea/diagnóstico , Granuloma Inguinal/diagnóstico , Herpes Genital/diagnóstico , Humanos , Infestaciones por Piojos/diagnóstico , Linfogranuloma Venéreo/diagnóstico , Masculino , Sarcoma de Kaposi/diagnóstico , Escabiosis/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/diagnóstico , Sífilis/diagnósticoRESUMEN
Of two patients with discoid lupus erythematosus with eyelid involvement, one, a 42-year-old man, had a one-year history of persistent periorbital edema and a violaceous discoloration as the sole manifestation. Although treatment with corticosteroids and antihistamines failed to produce improvement, the patient had an excellent clinical response to systemic hydroxychloroquine therapy. Histologic examination with immunofluorescent staining demonstrated deposition of immunoglobulins at the dermoepidermal junction. The second patient, a 37-year-old woman, had a hyperpigmented lesion on her forearm as the initial symptom but later developed similar lesions elsewhere, including her lower eyelid. Treatment with hydroxychloroquine again produced an excellent response.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Párpados/patología , Lupus Eritematoso Discoide/patología , Adulto , Edema/patología , Enfermedades de los Párpados/tratamiento farmacológico , Femenino , Técnica del Anticuerpo Fluorescente , Humanos , Hidroxicloroquina/uso terapéutico , Inmunoglobulina G/análisis , Inmunoglobulina M/análisis , Lupus Eritematoso Discoide/tratamiento farmacológico , Linfocitos/patología , Masculino , Piel/patologíaRESUMEN
Twenty-eight patients with severe cutaneous infections received cefoperazone, 2 grams intramuscularly twice a day for seven days. A wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens were isolated from admission cultures. All patients showed rapid clinical improvement. Two patients did not complete the full course of therapy because of intervening medical problems unrelated to the antibiotic. No significant side effects were noted. Relapses or reinfections occurred in two patients. In conclusions, cefoperazone is a safe and effective antibiotic for use in skin infections requiring parenteral therapy.