Development of the Family-School-Community Cooperation Dilemma Scale for Nutritional Education in Primary School Students and its reliability and validity / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To develop the Family-School-Community Cooperation Dilemma Scale for Nutritional Education in Primary Schools Students, and to determine its reliability and validity, in order to provide a basis for developing targeted strategies to promote family-school-community cooperation in the area of nutritional education.@*Methods@#Based on overlapping spheres of influence theory, the initial scale was developed through a qualitative and literature review, discussion with Delphi experts and a pilot survey from July 2022 to July 2023. From July to September 2023, a total of 125 primary school parents, 118 primary school teachers and 113 community personnel were selected from six cities in Jiangsu Province by convenient sampling methods, who were investigated to test the reliability and validity of the scale and to develop a formal scale.@*Results@#The final Family-School-Community Cooperation Dilemma Scale for Nutritional Education in Primary School students consisted of 3 dimensions and 19 items. The exploratory analysis extracted three metric factors, with a contribution ratio of 69.07% to the accumulated variance. The mean scale component effectiveness was 0.94, and the coefficient of association between the respective dimensions and the scale ranged from 0.80 to 0.91.The overall Cronbach α coefficient for the scale was 0.95, the folded half reliability was 0.87, and the retest reliability was 0.98.@*Conclusion@#The Family-School-Community Cooperation Dilemma Scale for Nutritional Education in Primary School Students has good reliability and validity, and can be used to measure the degree of the family-school-community cooperation dilemma regarding nutritional education in primary school students.

Reconstruction of soft tissue defects in distal segment of dorsal fingers with a perforator(joint branch) flap of proper palmar digital artery combined with dorsal metacarpal artery flap / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective:To explore the surgical procedure and effect of reconstruction of soft tissue defects in the distal segment of dorsal finger with a perforator(joint branch) flap of proper palmar digital artery combined with a dorsal metacarpal artery flap.Methods:From January 2019 to June 2022, 9 patients with soft tissue defects in distal dorsal finger, mostly with avulsion at the extensor tendon insertion point, were treated in Department of Hand and Foot Microsurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. The defect areas were 1.0 cm×1.0 cm-2.5 cm×2.0 cm. Steel wires were used to reconstruct the extensor tendon insertion point. The defects were reconstructed by a perforator(joint) flap of proximal phalanx artery and a dorsal metacarpal artery flap was used to repair the donor site for proximal flap. Postoperative follow-up and evaluation included flap survival, flap appearance, scars and function of interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints, through outpatient clinical, WeChat and so on.Results:The flap of digital artery perforator (joint branch) and the fasciocutaneous flap of dorsal metacarpal artery all survived. One flap of the digital artery perforator(joint branch) appeared purple and tension blisters after surgery. The stitches of the pedicle of the flap were partially dismantled at 36-48 hours after surgery. The flap was then turned to ruddy in colour 7 days after surgery. The wounds of the distal finger joint and nail bed healed well without redness and infection. The postoperative follow-up lasted for 5 to 12 months, 9 months in average. The appearance, colour and texture of the skin at distal finger were similar to those at the dorsal proximal finger and dorsal palm. Sensation recovered well, all flaps exceeding S 3. The two-point resolution (TPD) was 8-10 mm, with an average of 9.5 mm. According to the Evaluation Standard of Upper Limb Partial Functional of Hand Surgery of Chinese Medical Association, 5 cases were in excellent and 4 in good. Conclusion:The perforator(joint branch) flap of proper palmar digital artery combined with a dorsal metacarpal artery flap is simple and safe treatment. It has a fast functional recovery with an aesthetic appearance in reconstruction of the soft tissue defect in distal segment of dorsal finger.

Reconstruction of large soft tissue defects in lower limbs with bilateral anteriolateral thigh perforator flaps pedicled with descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery in series / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of bilateral anteriolateral thigh perforator flaps (ALTPF) pedicled with descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery in series on reconstruction of large soft tissue defects in lower limbs.Methods:A total of 9 patients with large soft tissue defects in lower limbs were selected in the study. The patients were 6 males and 3 females aged between 18 and 57 years old. They were treated in the Department of Hand and Foot Microsurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from June 2018 to January 2023. Causes of injury: 4 of traffic accident, 2 of crushing, 2 of falling from height and 1 of explosion. Five patients had combined defects in dorsal feet and 4 with tibia fractures and anterior-and-posterior-tibial soft tissue defects. All affected limbs had tissue necroses and infections in various degrees. Deep tissue defects such as tendons, nerves, bones and joints or orthopaedic implants were exposed. The areas of soft tissue defects were 30 cm×14 cm-42 cm×14 cm. All the defects were reconstructed by the bilateral ALTPF pedicled with descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery in series. The size of proximal flaps was 25 cm×8 cm-33 cm×13 cm and 20 cm×7 cm-29 cm×13 cm for the distal flaps. Scheduled postoperative follow-ups were conducted to observe the survival of the transferred flaps and functional recovery of calfs and feet. Sensory recovery was assessed against British Medical Research Council (BMRC) criteria. Puno scoring was used to assess the functional recovery and the effectiveness of treatment.Results:All flaps survived and the donor sites healed well. One patient developed vascular compromise within 24 hours after surgery, but it was rectified after timely surgical exploration, however it left with a small area of necrosis at distal end of the flap. The necrosis and wound healed after skin grafting in stage-two surgery. Postoperative follow-up lasted for 8.3 months in average. Two patients underwent flap thinning in stage-two surgery due to bloating appearance, 2 patients had slightly bloated flaps at the calfs, and the rest of 5 patients had satisfactory flap appearance. Two patients received nerve reconstruction by anastomosis of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerves. At the final follow-up, the sensory recovery in 9 patients achieved S 2-S 3+ according to BMRC. The average Puno score achieved 88.36 point±5.36 point, of which 4 patients in excellent, 3 in good and 2 in fair. Conclusion:The use of bilateral ALTPF pedicled with descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery in series to reconstruct a large soft tissue defect in lower extremity has a good clinical value, and it has become one of the effective methods.

Application of transradial sheathless interventional technique in treatment of bifurcation coronary lesions / 实用医学杂志

Objective To summarize the experience of applying transradial sheathless technique in treat-ment of bifurcation coronary lesions. Methods The clinical data on 39 patients with bifurcation coronary lesions who received transradial PCI using sheathless guide catheter produced by ASAHI or self-made sheathless guide catheter were retrospectively analyzed. Passing ability of sheathless guide catheter, success rate and complications of PCI were observed.Results There were 10 patients with left main bifurcation lesions, 29 left anterior descend-ing branch and diagonal branch bifurcation lesions. 33 patients were treated using sheathless of 7.5 Fr and 6 were treated by self-made sheathless guide catheter.PCI achieved expected goal.No catheter placement related complica-tions, cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events were observed in 39 patients in their hospital stay. Conclusions Transradial sheathless technique can be applied in of coronary lesions. Sheathless of 7.5 Fr is easy to use and has perfect passing ability.Sheathless guide catheter is effective,safe and highly practicable.Both procedures are worth of clinical application.

Effect of different transfection reagents and injection methods in mice testicular injection on the expression of exogenous gene / 生物工程学报

The purpose of this study was to study the effect of three different transfection reagents (Lipofectamine™ LTX & PLUS™, Lipofectamine 2000 and Nano-PAMAM-D) and three different testicular injection methods (rete testicular injection, seminiferous tubules injection and testicular interstitial injection) on the efficiency of production transgenic mice. After the mixtures of plasmid DNA (pEFP-C1) and transfection reagent were injected with different testicular injection methods, the sperm density, vitality, positive sperm rates and PCR positive transgenic mice rate were examined 30 days after injection. The results showed that the damage degree from slight to serious of three transfection reagents was Lipofectamine™ LTX & PLUS™, Lipofectamine 2000, and PAMAM-D. The sperm positive rates with green fluorescence of these three groups were 35.65%±0.69%, 12.86%±0.35% and 10.04%±0.20%, respectively. The PCR positive rates of transgenic newborn mice were 29.17%, 13.70% and 5.88%, respectively. Among the groups of different testicular injection methods, the damage degree from slight to serious was rete testicular injection, seminiferous tubules injection, and testicular interstitial injection, whereas the sperm positive rates with green fluorescence were 35.13%, 15.13%, and 0%, respectively. The PCR positive rates of transgenic newborn mice among different testicular injection groups were 33.3%, 12.5%, and 0.0%. The combination of rete testicular injection and Lipofectamine™ LTX & PLUS™ had the lowest toxicity and highest transgenic efficiency in the production of transgenic mice.

Effects of Chinese herbal drug-containing serum on oxidative damage and apoptosis of umbilical vein endothelial cells induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein / 中西医结合学报

Objective: To investigate the effects of Chinese herbal drug-containing serum, prepared by administration of Chinese herbal medicine for activating blood (Xiongshao Capsule, XS) or for activating blood and detoxifying (Xiongshao Capsule plus Huanglian Capsule, XSHL) in rats, on cell viability, oxidative damage and apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). Methods: Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, positive control group (simvastatin 1.8 mg/kg), activating blood (XS, 0.135 g/kg) group, and activating blood and detoxifying (XS Capsule 0.135 g/kg and Huanglian Capsule 0.135 g/kg, XSHL) group. Corresponding drugs were continuously administered to the rats for 7 days and then drug-containing serum was harvested 1 hour after the last administration. HUVECs isolated from newborn children by collagenase digestion were stimulated by ox-LDL (100 μg/L) and incubated with corresponding drug-containing serum for 24 hours. Untreated HUVECs were also used as a normal control. The morphology and structure of HUVECs were observed by an inverted microscope. Cell viability was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium method, and cell membrane damage was determined by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage. Activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was examined by spectrophotometry, and content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the cell lysate was examined by thiobarbituric acid assay. HUVECs were stained with Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate and propidium iodide and analyzed on a flow cytometry to determine apoptosis. Results: Compared with the normal HUVECs, the cell viability and the activity of SOD were significantly decreased while the content of MDA and apoptosis rate were significantly increased after 24-hour ox-LDL stimulation (P<0.01, P<0.05). Simvastatin-, XS-, and XSHL-containing serum significantly promoted the ox-LDL-stimulated HUVEC viability and inhibited early apoptosis (P<0.01, P<0.05), while had no significant effect on LDH leakage. Simvastatin-containing serum and XS-containing serum also showed significant decrease in MDA content and increase in SOD activity, while XSHL-containing serum showed no significant effects. There was no significant difference between the XS-containing serum group and the XSHL-containing serum group. Conclusion: Both sera containing XSHL and XS show protective action against the oxidative damage and apoptosis of HUVECs induced by ox-LDL.

Effect of trehalose on the freeze-dried boar spermatozoa / 生物工程学报

After freeze-drying, the ultrastructure of boar sperms was observed by optical and electron microscopy. The in vitro development ability of the sperm was also examined with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). The rate of male pronuclear formation was (68.52%), for cleavage (59.17%) and for blastocyst formation (19.16%) of the trehalose group (0.2 mol/L), significantly higher than those of the 50 mmol/L EDTA group (64.59%, 56.26% and 15.62%) and the control group (35.36%, 52.33% and 8.60%) (P < 0.05). After storage for 60, 120 and 180 d at 4 degrees C, no significant difference in the in vitro development was observed (P > 0.05). The male pronuclear, cleavage and blastocyst formation after ICSI with freeze-dried spermatozoa incubated for 1 h was superior than those incubated for 2 h (P < 0.05). No significant differences in the structures after stored at 4 degrees C or -20 degrees C (P > 0.05) were observed between the trehalose group and EDTA group. The percent of B grade freeze-dried boar spermatozoa in the trehalose group was higher than that of the EDTA group (P < 0.05). Based on the ultrastructure observation, main cryogenic damage in freeze-dried boar spermatozoa was swelling, damage or rupture in the sperm acrosome, neck and tail.

Optimization of porcine embryo vitrification / 生物工程学报

The purpose was to optimize the vitrification for porcine embryos cryopreservation. Blastocyst/Morula (5-6th day-embryos) were collected from superovulated Bama mini-pigs (sows/gilts). We compared different cryopreservation methods, cryopreservation tools, thining of zona pellucida (ZP) and recipient breeds on the efficiency of porcine embryo cryopreservation. The results showed that: in embryo survival rate and blastocyst cell number, there were no significant differences between cryopreservation method I [embryos were vitrified by two step method with open pulled straw (OPS) and glass micropipette (GMP) in solution 1 (TCM199 + 20% FBS + 10% EG + 10% DMSO) for 3 min, and solution 2 (TCM199 + 20% FBS + 20% EG + 20% DMSO + 0.4 mol/L SUC) for 1 min, stored in liquid nitrogen] and method II[Blastocysts were cultured for 25 min in NCSU23 + 7.5 microg/mL cytochalasin B, centrifuged at approximately 13 000 xg for 12-13 min, and recovered back into pNCSU23. They were then equilibrated for 5 min in 2 mol/L ethylene glycol in pNCSU23, washed quickly in the vitrification medium, 8 mol/L ethylene glycol, 7% polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in pNCSU23, loaded into OPS/GMP, and plunged into liquid nitrogen]. GMP vitrification method was more suitable and efficient than OPS method (P < 0.05) in embryo survival rate (83.8% vs 77.6%) and blastocyst cell number (53.1 vs 47.5) after thawing. Thining of ZP did not increase the survival rate, but significantly improved blastocyst cell number in the survival blastcysts (60.1 and 46, P < 0.01). Local pig breeds (Fengjing sows) were more suitable as recipients for embryo transfer of vitrified/warmed blastcysts, which can improve pregnant rate and embryo efficiency.