Phytoremediation of metals by colonizing plants developed in point bars in the channeled bed of the Dilúvio Stream, Southern Brazil.

Urban rivers are intensely impacted by pollution with metals resulting from anthropogenic activities, and these elements present in water and sediments can be ecofriendly phytoremediated. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of metals in the sediments and colonizing plants growing in point bars in the channeled bed of the Dilúvio Stream, Southern Brazil. Sediment and plants were sampled at five-point bars with consolidated vegetation. These point bars are formed mainly by sand, with increasing concentrations of clay plus silt, carbon, nitrogen, and metals (Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Cd) downstream. The concentration of Zn (338 µg/g) and Cu (219 µg/g) in sediments were 1.6 and 1.11 above the probable effect level at the most downstream site. The translocation factor was low in all sites and for all potentially toxic metals evaluated (ranging from 0.01 to 0.63). However, bioaccumulation factor exhibited high values, especially for Cd (average of 2.51), Ni (1.62), Zn (1.49), and Cr (1.25), suggesting that the colonizing plants have more potential for phytostabilization and phytoaccumulation than phytoextraction. These plants can be considered as natural filtering reducing the environmental contamination and the flow of these contaminants in the drainage network. Statement of novelty: Colonizing plants growing in point bars of urban rivers are common around the world; however, their phytoremediation potential is poorly studied. Colonizing plants may be useful for phytoremediation of water, effluents, and sediments of the Dilúvio Stream (Southern Brazil), polluted by potentially toxic metals that originated from the urbanization.

Atividade microbiana em solos sob doses de lodo de estação de tratamento de efluentes de um aterro industrial

ABSTRACT: The final disposal of industrial solid waste is a major environmental problem. Disposal of organic wastes in soils can be recommended as corrective and fertilizer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different doses of wastewater treatment plant sludge (WWTP) from an industrial landfill on soils based in microbial activity measured by carbon mineralization. The experiment was developed in respirometric flasks, analyzing carbon mineralization in three soils with five doses of sludge during 91 days of incubation. Application of sewage sludge with 2 Mg ha-1 caused minor impacts on soil microorganisms, without statistical differences to the control treatment. Amounts of mineralized carbon increased with the time course due to the addition of sludge, proportional to the doses of sludge. Microbial activity increased with the application of WWTP sludge doses of industrial landfill, with mineralization proportional to the increase in carbon added doses.

RESUMO: A destinação final adequada dos resíduos sólidos industriais é um dos principais problemas ambientais. A disposição de resíduos orgânicos em solos pode ser recomendada, dado o potencial corretivo e fertilizante deste. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito em solos da adição de doses de lodo de estação de tratamento de efluentes (ETE) de um aterro industrial na atividade microbiana, avaliada pela mineralização de carbono. Foi desenvolvido experimento em frascos respirométricos, analisando a mineralização de carbono em três solos, com cinco doses de lodo durante 91 dias de incubação. A aplicação de lodo com 2Mg ha-1 causou menores impactos à microbiota do solo, não apresentando diferenças em relação ao tratamento controle. Os valores de carbono mineralizado aumentaram com o tempo de incubação em função da adição do lodo, proporcionalmente ao aumento das doses de lodo. A atividade microbiana aumentou com a aplicação de doses de lodo de ETE de aterro industrial, sendo a mineralização de carbono proporcional às doses adicionadas.

Atividade microbiana em solos sob doses de lodo de estação de tratamento de efluentes de um aterro industrial

ABSTRACT: The final disposal of industrial solid waste is a major environmental problem. Disposal of organic wastes in soils can be recommended as corrective and fertilizer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different doses of wastewater treatment plant sludge (WWTP) from an industrial landfill on soils based in microbial activity measured by carbon mineralization. The experiment was developed in respirometric flasks, analyzing carbon mineralization in three soils with five doses of sludge during 91 days of incubation. Application of sewage sludge with 2 Mg ha-1 caused minor impacts on soil microorganisms, without statistical differences to the control treatment. Amounts of mineralized carbon increased with the time course due to the addition of sludge, proportional to the doses of sludge. Microbial activity increased with the application of WWTP sludge doses of industrial landfill, with mineralization proportional to the increase in carbon added doses.

RESUMO: A destinação final adequada dos resíduos sólidos industriais é um dos principais problemas ambientais. A disposição de resíduos orgânicos em solos pode ser recomendada, dado o potencial corretivo e fertilizante deste. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito em solos da adição de doses de lodo de estação de tratamento de efluentes (ETE) de um aterro industrial na atividade microbiana, avaliada pela mineralização de carbono. Foi desenvolvido experimento em frascos respirométricos, analisando a mineralização de carbono em três solos, com cinco doses de lodo durante 91 dias de incubação. A aplicação de lodo com 2Mg ha-1 causou menores impactos à microbiota do solo, não apresentando diferenças em relação ao tratamento controle. Os valores de carbono mineralizado aumentaram com o tempo de incubação em função da adição do lodo, proporcionalmente ao aumento das doses de lodo. A atividade microbiana aumentou com a aplicação de doses de lodo de ETE de aterro industrial, sendo a mineralização de carbono proporcional às doses adicionadas.