Asunto(s)
Agonistas de Receptores Adrenérgicos beta 2 , Asma , Nebulizadores y Vaporizadores , Humanos , Asma/tratamiento farmacológico , Administración por Inhalación , Agonistas de Receptores Adrenérgicos beta 2/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Femenino , Antiasmáticos/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Pautas de la Práctica en Medicina/estadística & datos numéricos , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous environmental organisms that can cause significant disease in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals. The incidence of NTM pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) is rising globally. Diagnostic challenges persist and treatment efficacy is variable. This article provides an overview of NTM-PD for clinicians. We discuss how common it is, who is at risk, how it is diagnosed and the multidisciplinary approach to its clinical management.
Asunto(s)
Huésped Inmunocomprometido , Micobacterias no Tuberculosas , HumanosAsunto(s)
Antiasmáticos , Asma , Humanos , Fumarato de Formoterol/uso terapéutico , Asma/tratamiento farmacológico , Broncodilatadores , Administración por Inhalación , Antiasmáticos/uso terapéutico , Corticoesteroides/uso terapéutico , Combinación de Medicamentos , Quimioterapia Combinada , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The management of asthma and COPD is largely dependent on patients being able to use their inhaled medication correctly, but poor inhaler technique continues to be a recurring theme in studies and clinical practice. This is associated with poor disease control, increased risk of exacerbations and hospital admissions, and so there is a need to redesign services for patients to optimise their medicines use. METHODS: A novel ward-based dedicated inhaler technique service was developed, and pharmacy support workers trained to provide this, focusing on optimising inhaler technique using a checklist and recommending protocol-guided inhaler device switches. Inpatients on adult respiratory wards with a diagnosis of exacerbation of asthma or COPD consented to receive this service, and the impact on exacerbations and hospital admissions were compared in the 6-months before and after the intervention. RESULTS: 266 adults (74 asthma, 188 COPD, and four asthma-COPD overlap) received the inhaler technique service. Six-month exacerbation and hospital admission data were available for 184 subjects. Optimising inhaler technique achieved a significant reduction in the combined asthma and COPD annualised rate of moderate-to-severe exacerbations (Rate Ratio [RR] 0.75, p < 0.05) and annualised rate of hospital admissions (RR 0.57, p < 0.0005). Improvements were also observed in future length of stay (- 1.6 days) and the average cost of admission (-£748). CONCLUSIONS: This novel inhaler technique service produced a significant reduction in the rate of moderate-to-severe exacerbations of asthma and COPD, and a reduction in the rate hospital admissions, length of stay and average cost of admission.