Biological assessment of a new ready-to-use hydraulic sealer.

OBJECTIVES: This study compared the cytotoxicity, biocompatibility, and tenascin immunolabeling of a new ready-to-use hydraulic sealer (Bio-C Sealer) with MTA-Fillapex and white MTA-Angelus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: L929 fibroblasts were cultivated and exposed to undiluted and diluted material extracts. Polyethylene tubes with or without (the control) the materials were implanted into the dorsa of rats. At 7 days and 30 days, the rats were euthanized, and the specimens were prepared for analysis; inflammation and immunolabeling were measured, and statistical analysis was performed (p < 0.05). RESULTS: MTA-Fillapex exhibited greater cytotoxicity than the other materials at all time points (p < 0.05). The undiluted Bio-C Sealer exhibited greater cytocompatibility at 6 and 48 hours than white MTA-Angelus, with higher cell viability than in the control (p < 0.05). White MTA-Angelus displayed higher cell viability than the control at 24 hours, and the one-half dilution displayed similar results at both 6 and 48 hours (p < 0.05). At 7 days and 30 days, the groups exhibited moderate inflammation with thick fibrous capsules and mild inflammation with thin fibrous capsules, respectively (p > 0.05). At 7 days, moderate to strong immunolabeling was observed (p > 0.05). After 30 days, the control and MTA-Fillapex groups exhibited strong immunolabeling, the white MTA-Angelus group exhibited moderate immunolabeling (p > 0.05), and the Bio-C Sealer group exhibited low-to-moderate immunolabeling, differing significantly from the control (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Bio-C Sealer and white MTA-Angelus exhibited greater cytocompatibility than MTA-Fillapex; all materials displayed adequate biocompatibility and induced tenascin immunolabeling.

Experimental gel containing bioactive glass-ceramic to minimize the pulp damage caused by dental bleaching in rats.

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated if the use of a bioactive glass-ceramic-based gel, named Biosilicate (BS), before, after or mixed with bleaching gel, could influence the inflammation of the dental pulp tissue of rats' molars undergoing dental bleaching with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). METHODOLOGY: The upper molars of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus, albinus) were divided into Ble: bleached (35% H2O2, 30-min); Ble-BS: bleached and followed by BS-based gel application (20 min); BS-Ble: BS-based gel application and then bleaching; BS/7d-Ble: BS-based gel applications for 7 days and then bleaching; Ble+BS: blend of H2O2 with BS-based gel (1:1, 30-min); and control: placebo gel. After 2 and 30 days (n=10), the rats were euthanized for histological evaluation. The Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn statistical tests were performed (P<0.05). RESULTS: At 2 days, the Ble and Ble-BS groups had significant alterations in the pulp tissue, with an area of necrosis. The groups with the application of BS-based gel before H2O2 had moderate inflammation and partial disorganization in the occlusal third of the coronary pulp and were significantly different from the Ble in the middle and cervical thirds (P<0.05). The most favorable results were observed in the Ble+BS, which was similar to the control in all thirds of the coronary pulp (P>0.05). At 30 days, the pulp tissue was organized and the bleached groups presented tertiary dentin deposition. The Ble group had the highest deposition of tertiary dentin, followed by the Ble-BS, and both were different from control (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: A single BS-based gel application beforehand or BS-based gel blended with a bleaching gel minimize the pulp damage induced by dental bleaching.

Bleaching gel mixed with MI Paste Plus reduces penetration of H2O2 and damage to pulp tissue and maintains bleaching effectiveness.

OBJECTIVES: MI Paste Plus remineralizer (Rem) strengthens dental structures after bleaching. We investigated the effect of Rem on the penetration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), bleaching effectiveness, and pulp inflammation after bleaching. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bovine disks were grouped as follows (n = 10): control (untreated), bleached (Ble; 35% H2O2, 30 min), Ble-Rem (H2O2 followed by Rem, 30 min), Rem-Ble (Rem followed by H2O2), Rem-Ble-Rem (Rem before and after H2O2), and Ble+Rem (mixture of Rem with H2O2, 1:1, 30 min). The penetration of H2O2 was quantified and bleaching efficacy was analyzed. Upper rat molars (n = 10) received the same treatments at random. The rats were euthanized after two days and 30 days, and their jaws were removed for histological analysis. Statistical tests were performed (P < 0.05). RESULTS: The bleached groups, except Ble+Rem (P > 0.05), showed significant H2O2 penetration compared with control (P < 0.05). Color alteration analysis showed that ΔL and ΔE were significantly higher in the bleached groups than those in control (P < 0.05); the Δb of the bleached groups differed from that of control at 24 h (P < 0.05). At two days, necrosis or inflammation was observed in the bleached groups compared with control (P < 0.05), except Ble+Rem, which was similar to control (P > 0.05). At 30 days, tertiary dentin formation was significant in the bleached groups (P < 0.05), except Ble+Rem (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The mixture of MI Paste Plus and bleaching gel reduces H2O2 penetration and pulp damage and maintains bleaching effectiveness. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Because bleaching can damage dental tissues, we studied a new bleaching protocol that reduces damage to the pulp tissue while maintaining bleaching efficiency: a single application of 30 min of MI Paste Plus mixed with 35% H2O2 bleaching gel (1:1).

Experimental gel containing bioactive glass-ceramic to minimize the pulp damage caused by dental bleaching in rats

Abstract Objectives This study evaluated if the use of a bioactive glass-ceramic-based gel, named Biosilicate (BS), before, after or mixed with bleaching gel, could influence the inflammation of the dental pulp tissue of rats' molars undergoing dental bleaching with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Methodology The upper molars of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus, albinus) were divided into Ble: bleached (35% H2O2, 30-min); Ble-BS: bleached and followed by BS-based gel application (20 min); BS-Ble: BS-based gel application and then bleaching; BS/7d-Ble: BS-based gel applications for 7 days and then bleaching; Ble+BS: blend of H2O2 with BS-based gel (1:1, 30-min); and control: placebo gel. After 2 and 30 days (n=10), the rats were euthanized for histological evaluation. The Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn statistical tests were performed (P<0.05). Results At 2 days, the Ble and Ble-BS groups had significant alterations in the pulp tissue, with an area of necrosis. The groups with the application of BS-based gel before H2O2 had moderate inflammation and partial disorganization in the occlusal third of the coronary pulp and were significantly different from the Ble in the middle and cervical thirds (P<0.05). The most favorable results were observed in the Ble+BS, which was similar to the control in all thirds of the coronary pulp (P>0.05). At 30 days, the pulp tissue was organized and the bleached groups presented tertiary dentin deposition. The Ble group had the highest deposition of tertiary dentin, followed by the Ble-BS, and both were different from control (P<0.05). Conclusion A single BS-based gel application beforehand or BS-based gel blended with a bleaching gel minimize the pulp damage induced by dental bleaching.

Avaliação in vivo e in vitro do Biosilicato® frente ao estresse oxidativo, penetração do peróxido de hidrogênio e eficácia clareadora / In vivo and in vitro evaluation of Biosilicate® against oxidative stress, hydrogen peroxide penetration and bleaching efficacy

Novos produtos estão sendo desenvolvidos com o propósito de atenuar os efeitos dos compostos utilizados em procedimentos clareadores. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar in vivo o potencial terapêutico do gel de Biosilicato® (BS) sobre o tecido pulpar de molares de ratos Wistar, por meio das análises histológica e imunoistoquímica, assim como analisar in vitro, a penetração do H2O2 e a eficácia clareadora em dentes bovinos. Para isso, este estudo foi dividido em 2 partes. Parte 1: Segmento in vivo: 50 hemi-maxilas de 25 ratos foram divididas aleatoriamente em 5 grupos (n=10): Controle- não recebeu qualquer tratamento; CLA- recebeu 30 min do gel clareador H2O2 35%; BS-CLA- recebeu 20 min do gel de BS, seguido de 30 min do H2O2 35%; CLA+BS- recebeu 30 min de uma mistura do H2O2 35% com o gel BS (1:1); CLA+H2O- recebeu 30 min de uma mistura do H2O2 35% com água destilada (1:1). Após 2 dias, os animais foram mortos e as hemi-maxilas separadas para análise histológica em H.E. Foram atribuídos escores à inflamação e os dados submetidos aos testes de Kruskal-Wallis e Dunn e teste de Mann-Whitney (p<0,05). Segmento in vitro: 50 discos de dentes bovinos foram acoplados em câmaras pulpares artificiais, e divididos em 5 grupos (n=10) que receberam os mesmos tratamentos que o segmento in vivo. A penetração do H2O2 por esmalte e dentina foi quantificada baseada na reação deste com o corante violeta leucocristal. A alteração de cor foi analisada pelo sistema CIELab, nos períodos: antes da sessão clareadora ­ (T0), imediatamente após (T1), e 24 horas após (T2), e os dados submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) seguida do teste Tukey (p<0,05). Parte 2: 40 hemi-maxilas de 20 ratos foram divididas aleatoriamente em 4 grupos (n=10): Controle, CLA, BS-CLA e CLA+BS. Após 2 dias, os animais foram mortos e as hemi-maxilas separadas para análise histológica em H.E. e imunoistoquímica para PCNA, HO-1, TNF-α e Substância P. Foram atribuídos escores à inflamação e à imunomarcação de TNF-α, e submetidos aos testes de Kruskal-Wallis e Dunn (p<0,05). Para análise da área correspondente à imunomarcação obtida através da densidade óptica de imunomarcação da Substância P foi realizada a análise da variância (ANOVA) seguida do teste de Tukey para comparação entre as médias. Foram realizadas as contagens das células imunomarcadas para HO-1 e PCNA, e foram submetidas ao teste de normalidade de Shapiro-Wilk para definir o teste estatístico (p<0,05). Na análise histológica, o grupo CLA apresentou predominantemente necrose no terço oclusal e médio da polpa coronária, enquanto o BS-CLA apresentou inflamação severa no terço oclusal e moderada no terço médio, ambos diferentes do Controle (p<0,05). O grupo CLA+BS apresentou inflamação moderada no terço oclusal, sem diferença para o grupo BS-CLA (p>0,05), inflamação leve no terço médio, e ausência de inflamação no terço cervical sem diferença para o Controle (p>0,05). O grupo CLA+ H2O apresentou inflamação leve no terço oclusal e ausente nos demais terços, sem diferença para o grupo CLA+BS e Controle (p>0,05). No terço cervical, o grupo CLA apresentou inflamação moderada, diferente do grupo Controle (p<0,05). Os grupos CLA e BS-CLA, apresentaram maior penetração de H2O2 (p<0,05). Na alteração de cor imediata e após 24 horas, os grupos CLA, BSCLA e CLA+BS, apresentaram alteração de cor semelhante (p>0,05). Conclusão: O Biosilicato® é capaz de reduzir o processo inflamatório causado pelo gel clareador e auxilia no processo de reparo. O protocolo de aplicação do BS misturado com o gel clareador apresentou melhores resultados, uma vez que reduz a penetração do gel clareador e mantém a eficácia clareadora(AU)

New products are being developed with the purpose of mitigating the effects of the compounds used in bleaching procedures. The objective of the present study was to evaluate in vivo the therapeutic potential of Biosilicate® (BS) gel on the pulp tissue of Wistar rats by means of histological and immunohistochemical analysis, as well as to analyze in vitro, the penetration of H2O2 and bleaching efficiency in bovine teeth. For this, this study was divided into 2 parts. Part 1: In vivo segment: 50 hemi-maxilla of 25 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 10): Control- received no treatment; CLA- received 30 min of the 35% H2O2 bleaching gel; BS-CLA- received 20 min of BS gel, followed by 30 min of 35% H2O2; CLA+BS- received 30 min of a mixture of 35% H2O2 with the BS gel (1:1); CLA+H2O- received 30 min of a mixture of 35% H2O2 with distilled water (1:1). After 2 days, the animals were killed and the hemi-maxils separated for histological analysis in H.E. Inflammation scores and data submitted to the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests and Mann-Whitney test (p<0.05) were assigned. Segment in vitro: 50 discs of bovine teeth were coupled in artificial pulp chambers, and divided into 5 groups (n=10) that received the same treatments as the in vivo segment. The penetration of H2O2 by enamel and dentin was quantified based on the reaction of this with the leucocrystal violet dye. The color change was analyzed by the CIELab system, in the periods: before the bleaching session - (T0), immediately after (T1), and 24 hours after (T2), and data submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the test Tukey (p<0.05). Part 2: 40 hemi-maxillae of 20 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10): Control- received no treatment; CLAreceived 30 min of the 35% H2O2 bleaching gel; BS-CLA- received 20 min of BS gel, followed by 30 min of 35% H2O2; CLA+BS- received 30 min of a mixture of 35% H2O2 with the BS gel (1:1). After 2 days, the animals were killed and the hemimaxilla separated for histological analysis in HE and immunohistochemistry for PCNA, HO-1, TNF-α and P-Substance. Scores were assigned to TNF-α inflammation and immunostaining, and submitted to the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (p<0.05). For the analysis of the area corresponding to the immunostaining obtained through the optical density of the Substance P, an analysis of the variance (ANOVA) was performed, followed by the Tukey test for comparison between the means. We counted the immunolabellated cells for HO-1 and PCNA and were submitted to the Shapiro-Wilk normality test to define the statistical test (p<0.05). In the histological analysis, the CLA group presented predominantly necrosis in the occlusal and middle third of the coronary pulp, whereas the BS-CLA presented severe inflammation in the occlusal third and moderate in the middle third, both different from the Control (p<0.05). The CLA+BS group presented moderate inflammation in the occlusal third, with no difference for the BS-CLA group (p>0.05), slight inflammation in the middle third, and absence of inflammation in the cervical third without difference for Control (p>0,05). The CLA+H2O group had mild inflammation in the occlusal third and absent in the remaining thirds, with no difference for CLA+BS and Control group (p>0.05). In the cervical third, the CLA group had moderate inflammation, different from the Control group (p<0.05). The CLA and BS-CLA groups presented higher penetration of H2O2 (p<0.05). At the immediate color change and after 24 hours, the CLA, BS-CLA and CLA+BS groups presented similar color changes (p>0.05).Conclusion: Given the results obtained in both studies, it can be concluded that Biosilicate® is able to reduce the inflammatory process caused by the bleaching gel and helps in the repair process. The application protocol of BS blended with the bleaching gel showed better results as it reduces the penetration of the bleaching gel and maintains bleaching efficacy(AU)

In Vivo Study of the Action of a Topical Anti-Inflammatory Drug In Rat Teeth Submitted To Dental Bleaching.

Bleaching gel containing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) cause damages in pulp tissue. This study investigated the action of a topical anti-inflammatory, the Otosporin®, in rats' bleached teeth with the null hypothesis of which the Otosporin® is no able to minimize the pulp inflammation that bleaching gel generates. The rat's molars were divided into groups: BLE: bleached (35% H2O2 concentration /single application of 30 min); BLE-O: bleached followed by Otosporin® (10 min); and control: placebo gel. In the second day after dental bleaching, the rats were killed, and the jaws were processed for hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemistry analysis for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-17. The data collected were subjected to Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn statistical tests with at a 5% level of significance (p<0.05). The BLE group had moderate to strong inflammation in the occlusal third of the coronary pulp, with necrotic areas; and BLE-O, mild inflammation (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in the occlusal and middle thirds of the coronary pulp between the BLE with BLE-O and control groups (p<0.05). There was no difference in the cervical third (p>0.05). The BLE group had a high immunoexpression of TNF-α than BLE-O and control groups (p<0.05), with moderate and mild immunoexpression, respectively. Regarding IL-6 and IL-17, the BLE group had higher immunoexpression than control (p<0.05); the BLE-O was similar to the control (p>0.05). The topical anti-inflammatory Otosporin® can reduce pulp inflammation after dental bleaching in the rat teeth.

In vivo study of the action of a topical anti-inflammatory drug in rat teeth submitted to dental bleaching

Abstract Bleaching gel containing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) cause damages in pulp tissue. This study investigated the action of a topical anti-inflammatory, the Otosporin®, in rats' bleached teeth with the null hypothesis of which the Otosporin® is no able to minimize the pulp inflammation that bleaching gel generates. The rat's molars were divided into groups: BLE: bleached (35% H2O2 concentration /single application of 30 min); BLE-O: bleached followed by Otosporin® (10 min); and control: placebo gel. In the second day after dental bleaching, the rats were killed, and the jaws were processed for hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemistry analysis for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-17. The data collected were subjected to Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn statistical tests with at a 5% level of significance (p<0.05). The BLE group had moderate to strong inflammation in the occlusal third of the coronary pulp, with necrotic areas; and BLE-O, mild inflammation (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in the occlusal and middle thirds of the coronary pulp between the BLE with BLE-O and control groups (p<0.05). There was no difference in the cervical third (p>0.05). The BLE group had a high immunoexpression of TNF-α than BLE-O and control groups (p<0.05), with moderate and mild immunoexpression, respectively. Regarding IL-6 and IL-17, the BLE group had higher immunoexpression than control (p<0.05); the BLE-O was similar to the control (p>0.05). The topical anti-inflammatory Otosporin® can reduce pulp inflammation after dental bleaching in the rat teeth.

Resumo O gel clareador à base de peróxido de hidrogênio (H2O2) causa danos ao tecido pulpar. Este estudo investigou a ação de um anti-inflamatório tópico, o Otosporin®, nos dentes de ratos clareados com a hipótese nula de que o Otosporin® não é capaz de minimizar a inflamação da polpa gerada pelo gel clareador. Os molares dos ratos foram divididos em grupos: ClA: clareado (H2O2 a 35% / aplicação única de 30 min); CLA-O: clareado seguido do Otosporin® (10 min); e controle: gel placebo. No segundo dia após a clareação dentária, os ratos foram mortos e suas maxilas foram processadas para análise de hematoxilina-eosina e imunohistoquímica para o fator de necrose tumoral alfa (TNF-a), interleucina (IL)-6 e IL-17. Os dados coletados foram submetidos aos testes estatísticos de Kruskal-Wallis e Dunn com um nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05). O grupo CLA apresentou inflamação moderada à severa no terço oclusal da polpa coronária, com áreas necróticas; e CLA-O, inflamação leve (p<0,05). Houve diferença significativa nos terços oclusal e médio da polpa coronária entre o grupo CLA com os grupos CLA-O e controle (p<0,05). Não houve diferença no terço cervical (p>0,05). O grupo CLA apresentou maior imunoexpressão para TNF-a comparado aos grupos CLA-O e controle (p<0,05), com imunoexpressão moderada e leve, respectivamente. Em relação a IL-6 e IL-17, o grupo CLA apresentou maior imunoexpressão comparado ao controle (p<0,05); o CLA-O foi semelhante ao controle (p>0,05). O anti-inflamatório tópico Otosporin® pode reduzir a inflamação pulpar após clareação em dentes de ratos.