RESUMEN
Topic: Empress Eugénie (1826-1920), the widow of Emperor Napoléon III of France, developed mature cataracts late in life. In 1920, at age 94, she underwent surgery to one eye by Ignacio Barraquer (1884-1965), a member of the famous dynasty of ophthalmologists originally from Barcelona, Spain. Clinical relevance: Barraquer used his new instrument which employed a vacuum cup to hold the lens for intracapsular extraction. Methods: Research of historical documents. Results: The surgery was a success; the Empress was pleased that she could read again although she did not have long to live. She was his first famous cataract patient and his fame spread internationally. Barraquer spoke at the International Congress of Ophthalmology held in Washington, DC, in 1922 and demonstrated his technique on patients in Washington, DC, New York, Boston, Philadelphia and Richmond, VA. Conclusion: Barraquer's surgery on Éugenie, who was the most powerful woman in Europe during her husband's reign, influenced the course of development of cataract surgical technique.
Asunto(s)
Catarata , Oftalmólogos , Oftalmología , Humanos , Femenino , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Oftalmología/historia , Francia , EspañaRESUMEN
Las farmacias de hospital han tenido a lo largo de los siglos una importancia relevnate dentro del desarrollo global de la farmacia, tanto desde el aspecto profesional, como en el científico y el artístico. En España han sido destacables las aportaciones y la historial de la farmacia del Hospital de la Santa Creu de Barcelona, de la que se tienen datos desde la fundación del Hospital en 1404 y las de los hospitales General de Valencia y el de Madrid. En Aragón el Hospital de Nuestra Señora de Gracia de Zaragoza ha sido durante siglos su principal centro sanitario. De su botica tenemos conocimiento desde tiempos de Fernando el Católico y su importancia está avalada por documentos y estudios de distintas épocas. Trasladado el Hospital a su actual emplazamiento, tras la destrucción del primitivo en 1808, la farmacia sufrió varias remodelaciones, la más importante se realizó poco después de hacerse cargo la Diputación Provincial de Zaragoza del funcionamiento del centro en el último tercio del siglo XIX. En este trabajo pretendemos exponer el funcionamiento del Hospital Nuestra Señora de Gracia de Zaragoza y especialmente de su farmacia en el último tercio del siglo XIX describiendo sus funciones, la importancia de los farmacéuticos que trabajaron ella y la renovación de sus estructura en 1881 que se ha conservado en su esencia hasta el presente
Over centuries hospital pharmacies have played an important role in the global development of Pharmacy, as much from the professional as scientific and artistic aspects. In Spain, the contribution and history of the pharmacy of the Hospital de Santa Creu in Barcelona, with data from its foundation in 1404, and those of the General hospitals of both Valencia and Madrid, have been outstanding. In Aragon, Zaragoza's Nuestra Señora de Gracia Hospital has been the main health centre. We have knowledge from its pharmacy dating from the time of Fernando the Catholic and its importance is backed by documents and studies from different periods. The Hospital was moved to its current localtion after the original was destroyed in 1808, the pharmacy underwent several restructurings with the most important was done shortly after the Diputación Provincial de Zaragoza took over its running in the last third of the XIXth century. This work intends to show how Zaragoza's Nuestra Señora de Gracia hospital worked and, in particular, its pharmacy in the last third of the XIXth century, describing its functions, the importance of the pharmacists working there and the renewal of its structure in 1881, which have been maintained in essence until the present day