Interatrial septal aneurysm associated with patent foramen ovale in a dog - case report / Aneurisma de septo interatrial associado a forame oval patente em cão - relato de caso

Atrial septal aneurysm (ASA) is a rare congenital deformity of variable clinical relevance, often reported in association with patent foramen ovale (PFO). Transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TTE) is the first choice for diagnosis, but complementary techniques, such as microbubble contrast, should be used. Despite its importance, in Veterinary Medicine, there is little information related to the subject, and the present study is the second report of this condition in dogs. The objective was to report a case of ASA type IV LR associated with PFO in a Shar Pei bitch, diagnosed by a combined approach of transthoracic echocardiography backed by agitated saline solution (microbubbles). During clinical care, the owners reported episodes of seizures as their main complaint. Echocardiographic examination revealed a type 4 LR atrial septal aneurysm and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. The use of microbubble contrast showed right-to-left shunt, confirming PFO. The recommended treatment was medication. It was concluded that the rarity of ASA in dogs may be due to incomplete diagnoses and the transthoracic echocardiographic examination allows its analysis and classification. Furthermore, ASA can be found in animals with or without evidence of heart disease and it should be investigated in patients with neurological alterations.

O aneurisma do septo atrial (ASA) é uma rara deformidade congênita, de relevância clínica variável, frequentemente relatado em associação a forame oval patente (PFO). O ecodopplercardiograma transtorácico (TTE) é a primeira escolha para o diagnóstico, mas técnicas complementares, como o contraste por microbolhas, devem ser utilizadas. Apesar da importância, em medicina veterinária existe uma carência de informações relacionadas ao tema, sendo esse o segundo relato dessa condição em cão. Objetivou-se relatar um caso de ASA tipo IV LR, associado a PFO, em uma cadela Shar Pei, diagnosticado por uma abordagem combinada por ecodopplercardiograma transtorácico e costrastado com solução salina agitada (microbolhas). Ao atendimento clínico, os proprietários relataram, como queixa principal, episódios de crises convulsivas. O exame ecocardiográfico revelou aneurisma de septo atrial tipo 4 LR e disfunção sistólica em ventriculo esquerdo. A utilização de contraste por microbolhas constatou shunt direita-esquerda, confirmando PFO. O tratamento recomendado foi medicamentoso. Concluiu-se que a raridade do ASA em cães pode ser devido a diagnósticos incompletos, e o exame ecocardiográfico transtorácico permite sua análise e classificação. Ainda, ASA pode ser encontrado em animais com ou sem evidências de cardiopatia e sua investigação deve ser feita em pacientes com alterações neurológicas.

Anatomical description of the skulls of peccaries (Tayassu tajacu, Linnaeus 1758) by computed tomography / [Descrição anatômica de crânio de catetos (Tayassu tajacu, Linnaeus, 1758) por tomografia computadorizada]

The aim of this study was to evaluate the anatomical structures of the skulls of peccaries to establish the basis for their clinical study and future preclinical research. Ten skulls of adult peccaries were subjected to tomographic examination. The data obtained were processed via three-dimensional image reconstruction software (3D images). The reconstructions obtained from the neurocranium of the studied specimens allowed the identification and description of the following structures: nasal bone, frontal bone, parietal bones, incisor bone, maxillary bone, zygomatic bone, temporal bone, palatal bone, occipital bone, vomer bone, pterygoid bone, sphenoid bone, paranasal sinuses and orbit. Computed tomography proved to be an important diagnostic tool in the investigation of the skull of this species, allowing the acquisition of anatomical values not yet documented for the species in the literature.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as estruturas anatômicas dos crânios de catetos, a fim de se estabelecerem as bases para seu estudo clínico e futuras pesquisas pré-clínicas. Dez crânios de catetos adultos foram submetidos a exame tomográfico. Os dados obtidos foram introduzidos em um software de reconstrução de imagens tridimensionais (imagens em 3D). As reconstruções obtidas do neurocrânio dos espécimes estudados permitiram a identificação e a descrição das seguintes estruturas: osso nasal, osso frontal, ossos parietais, osso incisivo, osso maxilar, osso zigomático, osso temporal, osso palatino, osso occipital, osso vômer, osso pterigoide, osso esfenoide, seios paranasais e órbita. A tomografia computadorizada mostrou-se como uma ferramenta diagnóstica importante na investigação do crânio dessa espécie, permitindo a aquisição de valores anatômicos ainda não documentados para a espécie na literatura.(AU)

Treatment of a crown-root fracture with intentional replantation - case report with 16-year follow-up.

AIM: To report the intentional replantation of a maxillary central incisor with a crown-root fracture. SUMMARY: An 11-year-old girl was referred to a paediatric clinic with an extensive crown-root fracture of the maxillary right central incisor (tooth 11) with pulp exposure. Radiographs revealed that tooth 11 had a periapical radiolucent lesion, which suggested pulpal necrosis. The treatment option chosen was planned extraction and immediate intentional replantation of tooth 11 in a more coronal position. Sixteen years after treatment, tooth 11 was aesthetically and functionally sound, suggesting that the treatment was successful. KEY LEARNING POINT: Intentional replantation may be considered as a treatment option for teeth with crown-root fractures.

Expression of p190 BCR-ABL fusion gene in a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia / Expressão do rearranjo gênico BCR-ABL com ponto de quebra na região menor do gene BCR em um paciente com leucemia mielóide crônica

A minority of chronic myeloid leukemia cases have breakpoints in the minor cluster region (m-bcr) of the BCR-ABL gene. We report on a patient with Ph-positive and m-bcr breakpoint at diagnosis. She was treated with hydroxyurea and interferon-alpha. Two years later, she developed a lymphoid blast crisis and died shortly after. We discuss herein the different forms of the BCR-ABL oncogene, its products, and the possible influence of them on the clinical outcome of patients with the disease

A leucemia mielóide crônica (LMC) é umadoença mieloproliferativa clonal e caracteriza-se pela presença da translocaçãocromossômica entre os braços longos doscromossomos 9 e 22, o denominadocromossomo Ph. Esta translocação determinaa fusão dos genes BCR e ABL. Os diferentespontos de quebra no gene BCR determinama síntese de proteínas com diferentespesos moleculares pelo gene BCR-ABL.Nós relatamos o caso de uma paciente portadorade LMC com ponto de quebracromossômico na região menor do geneBCR. Foi tratada com hidroxiuréia einterferon alfa. Dois anos após o diagnósticodesenvolveu crise blástica linfóide e evoluiurapidamente para o óbito. Nós discutimos nestaapresentação as diferentes formas do gene BCR-ABL eseus produtos e a possível influência dos mesmos naevolução clínica dos pacientes com a doença.(AU)76.

[Radiographic interpretation of experimentally produced bone lesions in dry human mandibles. 2]. / Contribuição a interpretação radiográfica de lesões ósseas produzidas experimentalmente em mandíbulas humanas secas. (Parte II).

Bone defects comparable to clinical situations were simulated in a group of dry human jaws, using stell fissure and round burs of different sizes. The closen areas were previously photographed, radiographed and used as control. The bone defects were also photographed and radiographed in each stage of the experiments. A radiograph was always taken as a contrast. The final results were: the contrasting "mésio-distal" destruction on part of the interradicular septal only became evident when in reached the internal surface of the tongue and/or inner-ear cortices; the manifestation of radiographics images of the artefacts confined to the cortex bone depended directly on the depth and amplitude of the same; the defects produced into the alveolar edge did not present any X-ray alterations that could be perceived on the level of the architectural pattern of the cancellous bone. However, one could detect at least the image of a growing rupture of the cortex of the alveolar edge; the use of a varying kilovoltages did not influences the appearance, or lack of it, of the bone defects.

[Prevalence of caries in first permanent molars in students living in regions with and without fluoridated drinking water (comparative study based on clinical and radiographic examinations)]. / Prevalência de lesão cariosa em primeiros molares permanentes de escolares residentes em regiões com flúor e sem flúor na água de abastecimento. (Estudo comparativo baseado em exames clínico e radiográfico).

To analyze the prevalence of dental caries by means of the DMF-S index and verify their distribution on the occlusal, buccal, lingual, mesial and distal surfaces using the intrabuccal interproximal technique, this comparative study included a sample of 360 seven to twelve year old boys and girls, without distinction of race, from the low social-economic class who, since birth, have lived in the cities of Teresina and Barras located in the state of Piauí in Brazil. The average level of fluor in first; city's public water supply is 0.68 ppm, while the second city lacks this halogen. A statistical analysis of the results verified that children in Teresina presented a DMF-S index 26.10% less than the children in Barras. The "T" Test of Student was significant for the seven, eight, nine, 10, and 12 years olds and for the sample as a whole in Teresina as well as for the types of surfaces regardless of age and sex. Children in the same community showed no significant difference when analyzed according to sex. In the two communities, the annual increase of the DMF-S index for all ages shows the cumulative and progressive aspect of dental caries; however, the increase was less in the city with fluoridated water.