Effect of yeast products supplementation during transition period on metabolic profile and milk production in dairy cows.

The aim of the current study was to assess the effect that supplementation with yeast culture plus enzymatically hydrolyzed yeast (YC-EHY) during the transition period and lactation had on the performance, somatic cell count (SCC), and metabolic profile of dairy cows. Thirty multiparous Holstein dairy cows were divided into two groups. The treatments were 0 supplementation (control) and supplementation with 28 g/cow/day of YC-EHY. The supplementation began 35 ± 5 days before the expected calving date. The cows were kept in their respective treatments for 50 days after the calving date. Body condition score (BCS), body weight, milk composition, SCC, and milk yield were assessed on a 2-weekly basis. Plasma samples were collected on days - 21st, - 7th, 0, 3rd, 7th, and weekly thereafter until 42 days postpartum and analyzed for albumin, ß-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), urea, and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA). There was an effect of treatment on milk yield in the supplemented animals in comparison to the control group (27.88 ± 0.98 vs 24.58 ± 0.99 kg/days, P = 0.03). There was no effect of treatment (P > 0.05) on variables like 3.5% fat-corrected milk (FCM) and energy-corrected milk (ECM), milk component (%), milk composition yield (kg/day), and SCC. There was an interaction between group × days on ECM (P = 0.04) and protein (P = 0.008). The supplementation had no effect on the analyzed metabolites and on body weight and BCS. The supplementation with YC-EHY during the transition period and lactation improved milk yield without altering the metabolic profile.

Metabolic and Ruminal Fluid Markers of Dairy Cows Supplemented with a Combination of Yeast Culture and Hydrolyzed Yeast

Background: In order to reduce the effects of a negative energy balance, some measures have been taken into account in nutritional management during the transition period. The use of yeast, has been a good alternative used to improve the rumen metabolism and helping the adjustment of the microbiotato the new diet. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of supplementing a combination of yeast culture and hydrolyzed yeast on the metabolism of dairy cows during the transition period.Materials, Methods & Results: The experiment was conducted in a semi-extensive system, using 20 Holstein cows, divided equally into a control group (CG) and a supplemented group (SG). The SG received 28 g/animal/day of a combination of yeast culture and hydrolyzed yeast from 20 ± 2 days pre-calving until early lactation (18 ± 3 days). Serum concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), albumin and urea were determined at calving, and for three time points during the early postpartum period and three time points during the early lactation period. Regarding energy metabolism, prepartum concentrations of NEFA were higher than the physiological standard in both groups. However, NEFA, albumin and urea decreased during the early postpartum period in the supplemented animals and could be attributed to the yeast in enhancing ruminal microorganisms cellulolytic capacity, increasing fibre d

Performance Efficiency of Pasture-raised Primiparous Beef Cows of Three Different Biotypes and Two Milk Production Levels

Background: Productivity and efficiency of beef production systems should be estimated based on cow size, calf growth rate and cow reproduction rate, which are critical factors for the evaluation of production characteristics of beef cattle of different biological types. One of the ways to measure beef cow productivity is based on the ratio of calf weaning weight to cow weight. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance and reproductive efficiency of primiparous beef cows of three different biotypes and two milk production levels, from calving to weaning, in pasture-raised beef systems. Materials, Methods & Results: Forty-two primiparous Angus cows were classified according to body weight at calving, as follows: Heavy (431 kg); Medium (388 kg); and Light (348 kg). Cow efficiency as a function of biotype was evaluated at two different moments: calving and weaning, based on the ratio of calf weight to cow weight*100 (in kilograms). Calf production efficiency was determined based on the ratio of calf weaning weight (CWW) to cow pregnancy rate (PR), resulting in the calf production index = kg of weaning calves per cow (CWW*PR/100).  The experimental design was a completely randomized factorial 3 x 2 x 2 design (three biotypes x two calf sexes x two milk production levels). The results were subjected to ANOVA and F-test. The Light and Medium cow groups produced mo

Metabolic and Ruminal Fluid Markers of Dairy Cows Supplemented with a Combination of Yeast Culture and Hydrolyzed Yeast

Background: In order to reduce the effects of a negative energy balance, some measures have been taken into account in nutritional management during the transition period. The use of yeast, has been a good alternative used to improve the rumen metabolism and helping the adjustment of the microbiotato the new diet. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of supplementing a combination of yeast culture and hydrolyzed yeast on the metabolism of dairy cows during the transition period.Materials, Methods & Results: The experiment was conducted in a semi-extensive system, using 20 Holstein cows, divided equally into a control group (CG) and a supplemented group (SG). The SG received 28 g/animal/day of a combination of yeast culture and hydrolyzed yeast from 20 ± 2 days pre-calving until early lactation (18 ± 3 days). Serum concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), albumin and urea were determined at calving, and for three time points during the early postpartum period and three time points during the early lactation period. Regarding energy metabolism, prepartum concentrations of NEFA were higher than the physiological standard in both groups. However, NEFA, albumin and urea decreased during the early postpartum period in the supplemented animals and could be attributed to the yeast in enhancing ruminal microorganisms cellulolytic capacity, increasing fibre d

Performance Efficiency of Pasture-raised Primiparous Beef Cows of Three Different Biotypes and Two Milk Production Levels

Background: Productivity and efficiency of beef production systems should be estimated based on cow size, calf growth rate and cow reproduction rate, which are critical factors for the evaluation of production characteristics of beef cattle of different biological types. One of the ways to measure beef cow productivity is based on the ratio of calf weaning weight to cow weight. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance and reproductive efficiency of primiparous beef cows of three different biotypes and two milk production levels, from calving to weaning, in pasture-raised beef systems. Materials, Methods & Results: Forty-two primiparous Angus cows were classified according to body weight at calving, as follows: Heavy (431 kg); Medium (388 kg); and Light (348 kg). Cow efficiency as a function of biotype was evaluated at two different moments: calving and weaning, based on the ratio of calf weight to cow weight*100 (in kilograms). Calf production efficiency was determined based on the ratio of calf weaning weight (CWW) to cow pregnancy rate (PR), resulting in the calf production index = kg of weaning calves per cow (CWW*PR/100).  The experimental design was a completely randomized factorial 3 x 2 x 2 design (three biotypes x two calf sexes x two milk production levels). The results were subjected to ANOVA and F-test. The Light and Medium cow groups produced mo

Performance Efficiency of Pasture-raised Primiparous Beef Cows of Three Different Biotypes and Two Milk Production Levels

Background: Productivity and efficiency of beef production systems should be estimated based on cow size, calf growth rate and cow reproduction rate, which are critical factors for the evaluation of production characteristics of beef cattle of different biological types. One of the ways to measure beef cow productivity is based on the ratio of calf weaning weight to cow weight. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance and reproductive efficiency of primiparous beef cows of three different biotypes and two milk production levels, from calving to weaning, in pasture-raised beef systems. Materials, Methods & Results: Forty-two primiparous Angus cows were classified according to body weight at calving, as follows: Heavy (431 kg); Medium (388 kg); and Light (348 kg). Cow efficiency as a function of biotype was evaluated at two different moments: calving and weaning, based on the ratio of calf weight to cow weight*100 (in kilograms). Calf production efficiency was determined based on the ratio of calf weaning weight (CWW) to cow pregnancy rate (PR), resulting in the calf production index = kg of weaning calves per cow (CWW*PR/100).  The experimental design was a completely randomized factorial 3 x 2 x 2 design (three biotypes x two calf sexes x two milk production levels). The results were subjected to ANOVA and F-test. The Light and Medium cow groups produced mo

Metabolic and Ruminal Fluid Markers of Dairy Cows Supplemented with a Combination of Yeast Culture and Hydrolyzed Yeast

Background: In order to reduce the effects of a negative energy balance, some measures have been taken into account in nutritional management during the transition period. The use of yeast, has been a good alternative used to improve the rumen metabolism and helping the adjustment of the microbiotato the new diet. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of supplementing a combination of yeast culture and hydrolyzed yeast on the metabolism of dairy cows during the transition period.Materials, Methods & Results: The experiment was conducted in a semi-extensive system, using 20 Holstein cows, divided equally into a control group (CG) and a supplemented group (SG). The SG received 28 g/animal/day of a combination of yeast culture and hydrolyzed yeast from 20 ± 2 days pre-calving until early lactation (18 ± 3 days). Serum concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), albumin and urea were determined at calving, and for three time points during the early postpartum period and three time points during the early lactation period. Regarding energy metabolism, prepartum concentrations of NEFA were higher than the physiological standard in both groups. However, NEFA, albumin and urea decreased during the early postpartum period in the supplemented animals and could be attributed to the yeast in enhancing ruminal microorganisms cellulolytic capacity, increasing fibre d

Metabolic and Ruminal Fluid Markers of Dairy Cows Supplemented with a Combination of Yeast Culture and Hydrolyzed Yeast

Background: In order to reduce the effects of a negative energy balance, some measures have been taken into account in nutritional management during the transition period. The use of yeast, has been a good alternative used to improve the rumen metabolism and helping the adjustment of the microbiotato the new diet. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of supplementing a combination of yeast culture and hydrolyzed yeast on the metabolism of dairy cows during the transition period.Materials, Methods & Results: The experiment was conducted in a semi-extensive system, using 20 Holstein cows, divided equally into a control group (CG) and a supplemented group (SG). The SG received 28 g/animal/day of a combination of yeast culture and hydrolyzed yeast from 20 ± 2 days pre-calving until early lactation (18 ± 3 days). Serum concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), albumin and urea were determined at calving, and for three time points during the early postpartum period and three time points during the early lactation period. Regarding energy metabolism, prepartum concentrations of NEFA were higher than the physiological standard in both groups. However, NEFA, albumin and urea decreased during the early postpartum period in the supplemented animals and could be attributed to the yeast in enhancing ruminal microorganisms cellulolytic capacity, increasing fibre d

Performance Efficiency of Pasture-raised Primiparous Beef Cows of Three Different Biotypes and Two Milk Production Levels

Background: Productivity and efficiency of beef production systems should be estimated based on cow size, calf growth rate and cow reproduction rate, which are critical factors for the evaluation of production characteristics of beef cattle of different biological types. One of the ways to measure beef cow productivity is based on the ratio of calf weaning weight to cow weight. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance and reproductive efficiency of primiparous beef cows of three different biotypes and two milk production levels, from calving to weaning, in pasture-raised beef systems. Materials, Methods & Results: Forty-two primiparous Angus cows were classified according to body weight at calving, as follows: Heavy (431 kg); Medium (388 kg); and Light (348 kg). Cow efficiency as a function of biotype was evaluated at two different moments: calving and weaning, based on the ratio of calf weight to cow weight*100 (in kilograms). Calf production efficiency was determined based on the ratio of calf weaning weight (CWW) to cow pregnancy rate (PR), resulting in the calf production index = kg of weaning calves per cow (CWW*PR/100).  The experimental design was a completely randomized factorial 3 x 2 x 2 design (three biotypes x two calf sexes x two milk production levels). The results were subjected to ANOVA and F-test. The Light and Medium cow groups produced mo

Metabolic and Ruminal Fluid Markers of Dairy Cows Supplemented with a Combination of Yeast Culture and Hydrolyzed Yeast

Background: In order to reduce the effects of a negative energy balance, some measures have been taken into account in nutritional management during the transition period. The use of yeast, has been a good alternative used to improve the rumen metabolism and helping the adjustment of the microbiotato the new diet. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of supplementing a combination of yeast culture and hydrolyzed yeast on the metabolism of dairy cows during the transition period.Materials, Methods & Results: The experiment was conducted in a semi-extensive system, using 20 Holstein cows, divided equally into a control group (CG) and a supplemented group (SG). The SG received 28 g/animal/day of a combination of yeast culture and hydrolyzed yeast from 20 ± 2 days pre-calving until early lactation (18 ± 3 days). Serum concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), albumin and urea were determined at calving, and for three time points during the early postpartum period and three time points during the early lactation period. Regarding energy metabolism, prepartum concentrations of NEFA were higher than the physiological standard in both groups. However, NEFA, albumin and urea decreased during the early postpartum period in the supplemented animals and could be attributed to the yeast in enhancing ruminal microorganisms cellulolytic capacity, increasing fibre d

Performance Efficiency of Pasture-raised Primiparous Beef Cows of Three Different Biotypes and Two Milk Production Levels

Background: Productivity and efficiency of beef production systems should be estimated based on cow size, calf growth rate and cow reproduction rate, which are critical factors for the evaluation of production characteristics of beef cattle of different biological types. One of the ways to measure beef cow productivity is based on the ratio of calf weaning weight to cow weight. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance and reproductive efficiency of primiparous beef cows of three different biotypes and two milk production levels, from calving to weaning, in pasture-raised beef systems. Materials, Methods & Results: Forty-two primiparous Angus cows were classified according to body weight at calving, as follows: Heavy (431 kg); Medium (388 kg); and Light (348 kg). Cow efficiency as a function of biotype was evaluated at two different moments: calving and weaning, based on the ratio of calf weight to cow weight*100 (in kilograms). Calf production efficiency was determined based on the ratio of calf weaning weight (CWW) to cow pregnancy rate (PR), resulting in the calf production index = kg of weaning calves per cow (CWW*PR/100).  The experimental design was a completely randomized factorial 3 x 2 x 2 design (three biotypes x two calf sexes x two milk production levels). The results were subjected to ANOVA and F-test. The Light and Medium cow groups produced mo

Performance Efficiency of Pasture-raised Primiparous Beef Cows of Three Different Biotypes and Two Milk Production Levels

Background: Productivity and efficiency of beef production systems should be estimated based on cow size, calf growth rate and cow reproduction rate, which are critical factors for the evaluation of production characteristics of beef cattle of different biological types. One of the ways to measure beef cow productivity is based on the ratio of calf weaning weight to cow weight. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance and reproductive efficiency of primiparous beef cows of three different biotypes and two milk production levels, from calving to weaning, in pasture-raised beef systems. Materials, Methods & Results: Forty-two primiparous Angus cows were classified according to body weight at calving, as follows: Heavy (431 kg); Medium (388 kg); and Light (348 kg). Cow efficiency as a function of biotype was evaluated at two different moments: calving and weaning, based on the ratio of calf weight to cow weight*100 (in kilograms). Calf production efficiency was determined based on the ratio of calf weaning weight (CWW) to cow pregnancy rate (PR), resulting in the calf production index = kg of weaning calves per cow (CWW*PR/100).  The experimental design was a completely randomized factorial 3 x 2 x 2 design (three biotypes x two calf sexes x two milk production levels). The results were subjected to ANOVA and F-test. The Light and Medium cow groups produced mo

Metabolic and Ruminal Fluid Markers of Dairy Cows Supplemented with a Combination of Yeast Culture and Hydrolyzed Yeast

Background: In order to reduce the effects of a negative energy balance, some measures have been taken into account in nutritional management during the transition period. The use of yeast, has been a good alternative used to improve the rumen metabolism and helping the adjustment of the microbiotato the new diet. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of supplementing a combination of yeast culture and hydrolyzed yeast on the metabolism of dairy cows during the transition period.Materials, Methods & Results: The experiment was conducted in a semi-extensive system, using 20 Holstein cows, divided equally into a control group (CG) and a supplemented group (SG). The SG received 28 g/animal/day of a combination of yeast culture and hydrolyzed yeast from 20 ± 2 days pre-calving until early lactation (18 ± 3 days). Serum concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), albumin and urea were determined at calving, and for three time points during the early postpartum period and three time points during the early lactation period. Regarding energy metabolism, prepartum concentrations of NEFA were higher than the physiological standard in both groups. However, NEFA, albumin and urea decreased during the early postpartum period in the supplemented animals and could be attributed to the yeast in enhancing ruminal microorganisms cellulolytic capacity, increasing fibre d

Desempenho reprodutivo de vacas de corte em lactação e solteiras submetidas à indução/sincronização de estro

The objective of this study was to characterize the reproductive performance of two cow categories submitted to estrus induction/synchronization. Forty two suckling and sixty non-suckling, Aberdeen Angus cows classified by uniformity of size and moderate body condition score (CC3 in a 1 to 5 scale), raised under range conditions in Aceguá/RS county, were evaluated between September 2005 and April 2006. The gynecological examination was made by ultrasonography and rectal palpation. Fixed factors analyzed were cow category alocated in one of three groups: cyclical non-suckling (VSC), cows that fail to conceive and remain in the farm until the next breeding season showing cyclical conditions, suckling light anestrus cow (VLAS) and suckling strong anestrus cows (VLAP). The following variables were evaluated: cow prebreeding weight (PPRA), at postbreeding (PPOA), at conception (PC), daily weight gain from breeding season (GMD), estrus induction/synchronization response (RISC) and pregnancy. Cow category showed effect (P 0.0001) on weight performance, where VSC showed better productive performance relate to the VLAS and VLAP groups. The RISC showed an affect for cow category (P 0.0001) in with 85, 45 e 35%, of animals in groups VSC, VLAS and VLAP respectively, responded to the estrus induction/synchronization protocol. The pregnancy rate showed difference (P 0.0001) between VSC and suckling cows, with 96.7, 45.5 e 30.0% in VSC, VLAS and VLAP, respectively. VSC showed better reproductive performance than suckling cows by showing better RISC and pregnancy rates. However, 24% of suckling cows showed superior adaptation, demonstrating a satisfactory productive and reproductive performance in beef cattle range system, with adequate milk yeld for the development of their calves and to conceive again. The indentification of such animals could influence positively the reproductive performance of suckling beef cows.

Com o objetivo de caracterizar o desempenho produtivo e reprodutivo de duas categorias de vacas de corte submetidas à indução/sincronização de estro, foram utilizadas 42 vacas em lactação e 60 vacas solteiras da raça Aberdeen Angus, de tamanho similar e condição corporal moderada (CC3, escala de 1 a 5), manejadas exclusivamente em campo nativo, no período de setembro de 2005 a abril de 2006 no município de Aceguá/RS. Para os exames ginecológicos durante o experimento, foi utilizado aparelho de ultra-som e palpação retal. Como fator fixo, foi considerada a categoria das vacas (CATV), considerando-se três grupos, vacas solteiras cíclicas (VSC), ou seja, fêmeas que falham em conceber e permanecem na propriedade até o próximo acasalamento, vacas em lactação em anestro superficial (VLAS) e vacas em lactação em anestro profundo (VLAP). Como variáveis resposta, foram considerados peso das vacas pré-acasalamento (PPRA), pós-acasalamento (PPOA), à concepção (PC), o ganho de peso médio diário durante o acasalamento (GMD), resposta ao protocolo de indução/sincronização de cio (RISC) e gestação. A categoria da vaca demonstrou efeito (P 0,0001) sobre as variáveis de peso, em que as VSC apresentaram um melhor desempenho ponderal do que VLAS e VLAP. A RISC demonstrou ser altamente influenciada (P 0,0001) pela categoria de vaca, em que 85, 45 e 35% das vacas responderam à indução/sincronização de cio nos grupos VSC, VLAS e VLAP, respectivamente. A gestação apresentou diferença (P 0,0001) entre VSC e vacas em lactação, com 96,7, 45,5 e 30,0%, nos respectivos grupos VSC, VLAS e VLAP. Vacas solteiras apresentam um desempenho reprodutivo superior ao de vacas em lactação, evidenciado pela maior resposta ao protocolo de indução/sincronização de estro e índice de gestação. Contudo, 24% das vacas em lactação parecem estar bem adaptadas ao sistema de produção, demonstrando um desempenho produtivo e reprodutivo satisfatório à produção de bovinos de corte, sendo capazes de produzir adequadamente leite para o desenvolvimento dos terneiros, bem como conceber e produzir novamente um terneiro. A identificação desses animais pode influenciar positivamente o desempenho reprodutivo de vacas de corte em lactação.

Produção de leite e desempenho pós parto de vacas Hereford em distintas condições reprodutivas criadas extensivamente

Milk production and pospartum performance from 52 multiparous Hereford cows, with the same body condition score (3 in a 1 to 5 scale), pregnant (45) or not pregnant (24), was studied in 69 lactations during two years, 2000 (42) and 2001 (27) under range conditions. Estimates of milk yield were obtained during six intervals (three 21d and three 42d), by the weigh-suckle-weigh technique, from birth to weaning (189d). Effects studied were year, pregnancy, calf sex and sire breed. None of the effects studied affected (P>0.05) milk production parameters: daily milk production, total milk yield, lactation peak and persistency. Body weight at calving was greater (P 0.05) in 2001 (417.49 ± 6.94kg) that in 2000 (353. 97 ± 5.57kg) and was not affected by the other effects. Body weight at conception (99d; 432.10 ± 5.78 and 399,37 ± 7.92kg) and at weaning (189d; 433.30 ± 6.36 and 393.46 ± 8.70kg), were greater (P 0.05) in pregnant cows than in non-pregnant animals, respectively. Sex of calf had a significant effect (P 0.05) on calf birth weight (41.75 ± 1.21kg and 37.6 ± 1.13kg for males and females, respectively). All studied effects affected significantly calf weaning weight (P 0.05) and pregnant cows had heavier calves at weaning (194.22 ± 3.41kg) than non-pregnant cows (177.43 ± 4.67kg). The greatest performance of pregnant beef cows with similar milk yield and body condition score from calving to weaning can be explained by the superior adaptation characteristics of these cows.

A produção de leite e o desempenho pós parto de 52 vacas multíparas Hereford em condição corporal média (3 em escala de 1 a 5), gestantes (45) e não gestantes (24), em condições extensivas, foram estudados, em 69 lactações, durante dois anos (2000 e 2001). A estimativa da produção de leite foi realizada em seis intervalos (3 de 21 d e 3 de 42 d), do nascimento à desmama (189d), por meio da técnica da pesagem do terneiro antes e após a mamada. Os fatores fixos foram ano, prenhez, sexo do terneiro e raça do touro (Hereford e Nelore). A produção de leite diária, do pico de lactação, total e a persistência da lactação, não foram influenciadas pelos fatores estudados (P>0,05). O peso ao parto foi maior (P 0,05) em 2001, (417,49 ± 6,94kg), que em 2000 (353, 97 ± 5,57kg), e não teve efeito (P>0,05) dos demais fatores avaliados. O peso vivo na concepção (99 d média), e à desmama, foi maior nas vacas gestantes (432,10 ± 5,78 e 433,30 ± 6,36kg) que nas não gestantes 399,37 ± 7,92 e 393,46 ± 8,70kg), respectivamente. O sexo dos terneiros teve efeito significativo (P 0,05) sobre peso ao nascer (41,75 ± 1,21 e 37,6 ± 1,13kg, para machos e fêmeas, respectivamente). No peso à desmama, todos os fatores demonstraram efeito (P 0,05) e os terneiros das vacas gestantes (194,22 ± 3,41kg) foram mais pesados que das vazias (177,43 ± 4,67kg). Em vacas de corte com produção de leite e condição corporal similar, do parto à desmama, o melhor desempenho das gestantes, em peso vivo e peso do terneiro à desmama demonstra que, provavelmente, uma melhor adaptação ao sistema tenha sido responsável pela fertilidade pós-parto.

Produção de leite e desempenho pós parto de vacas Hereford em distintas condições reprodutivas criadas extensivamente

Milk production and pospartum performance from 52 multiparous Hereford cows, with the same body condition score (3 in a 1 to 5 scale), pregnant (45) or not pregnant (24), was studied in 69 lactations during two years, 2000 (42) and 2001 (27) under range conditions. Estimates of milk yield were obtained during six intervals (three 21d and three 42d), by the weigh-suckle-weigh technique, from birth to weaning (189d). Effects studied were year, pregnancy, calf sex and sire breed. None of the effects studied affected (P>0.05) milk production parameters: daily milk production, total milk yield, lactation peak and persistency. Body weight at calving was greater (P 0.05) in 2001 (417.49 ± 6.94kg) that in 2000 (353. 97 ± 5.57kg) and was not affected by the other effects. Body weight at conception (99d; 432.10 ± 5.78 and 399,37 ± 7.92kg) and at weaning (189d; 433.30 ± 6.36 and 393.46 ± 8.70kg), were greater (P 0.05) in pregnant cows than in non-pregnant animals, respectively. Sex of calf had a significant effect (P 0.05) on calf birth weight (41.75 ± 1.21kg and 37.6 ± 1.13kg for males and females, respectively). All studied effects affected significantly calf weaning weight (P 0.05) and pregnant cows had heavier calves at weaning (194.22 ± 3.41kg) than non-pregnant cows (177.43 ± 4.67kg). The greatest performance of pregnant beef cows with similar milk yield and body condition score from calving to weaning can be explained by the superior adaptation characteristics of these cows.

A produção de leite e o desempenho pós parto de 52 vacas multíparas Hereford em condição corporal média (3 em escala de 1 a 5), gestantes (45) e não gestantes (24), em condições extensivas, foram estudados, em 69 lactações, durante dois anos (2000 e 2001). A estimativa da produção de leite foi realizada em seis intervalos (3 de 21 d e 3 de 42 d), do nascimento à desmama (189d), por meio da técnica da pesagem do terneiro antes e após a mamada. Os fatores fixos foram ano, prenhez, sexo do terneiro e raça do touro (Hereford e Nelore). A produção de leite diária, do pico de lactação, total e a persistência da lactação, não foram influenciadas pelos fatores estudados (P>0,05). O peso ao parto foi maior (P 0,05) em 2001, (417,49 ± 6,94kg), que em 2000 (353, 97 ± 5,57kg), e não teve efeito (P>0,05) dos demais fatores avaliados. O peso vivo na concepção (99 d média), e à desmama, foi maior nas vacas gestantes (432,10 ± 5,78 e 433,30 ± 6,36kg) que nas não gestantes 399,37 ± 7,92 e 393,46 ± 8,70kg), respectivamente. O sexo dos terneiros teve efeito significativo (P 0,05) sobre peso ao nascer (41,75 ± 1,21 e 37,6 ± 1,13kg, para machos e fêmeas, respectivamente). No peso à desmama, todos os fatores demonstraram efeito (P 0,05) e os terneiros das vacas gestantes (194,22 ± 3,41kg) foram mais pesados que das vazias (177,43 ± 4,67kg). Em vacas de corte com produção de leite e condição corporal similar, do parto à desmama, o melhor desempenho das gestantes, em peso vivo e peso do terneiro à desmama demonstra que, provavelmente, uma melhor adaptação ao sistema tenha sido responsável pela fertilidade pós-parto.