Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Monoclonales/inmunología , Desmogleína 1/metabolismo , Enfermedades de los Caballos/patología , Inmunohistoquímica/veterinaria , Pénfigo/veterinaria , Animales , Biopsia/veterinaria , Western Blotting/veterinaria , Desmogleína 1/inmunología , Desmogleína 1/aislamiento & purificación , Enfermedades de los Caballos/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de los Caballos/inmunología , Caballos , Inmunohistoquímica/métodos , Pénfigo/diagnóstico , Pénfigo/inmunología , Pénfigo/patología , Piel/inmunología , Piel/patología , Especificidad de la EspecieRESUMEN
In this study, we describe a pentaplex PCR to determine the parental origin of the X chromosome and the presence of mosaicism, via amplification of four polymorphic markers located along the X chromosome (DXS10011, DXS6807, HUMARA, DXS101) and the X-Y amelogenin marker, in 41 families having a daughter with Turner Syndrome. Our results confirmed the cytogenetic findings and we found that the parental origin of the single X chromosome to be maternal in 84% of cases.
Asunto(s)
Cromosomas Humanos X , Cromosomas Humanos Y , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/métodos , Síndrome de Turner/genética , Adulto , Amelogenina , Niño , Preescolar , Proteínas del Esmalte Dental/genética , Familia , Femenino , Marcadores Genéticos , Humanos , Mosaicismo , Polimorfismo Genético , Aberraciones Cromosómicas SexualesRESUMEN
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence variations at hypervariable regions HVI, HVII and HVIII were analysed in 100 unrelated Italians from Bologna. The values of the statistical parameters are in agreement with the range of European populations. We suggest that the less informative HVIII region may be useful to distinguish HVI-HVII identical sequences in forensic analysis especially when nuclear DNA cannot be investigated.
Asunto(s)
Regiones Determinantes de Complementariedad/genética , ADN Mitocondrial/genética , Genética de Población , Humanos , Italia , Polimorfismo GenéticoRESUMEN
The expression of class I human leucocyte antigen (HLA) has been investigated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and flow cytometry on human purified ejaculated spermatozoa from an infertile population. Similar investigation in a control fertile population has been performed. Among 22 fertile and 20 infertile men, 17 were selected for the study because they showed no contamination with non-sperm cells. HLA I molecules were expressed in four of nine fertile subjects (44.4%) and three of eight infertile subjects (37.5%), with no significant difference between groups. These data demonstrate for the first time the presence of class I HLA antigens on spermatozoa of infertile subjects. In addition, considering that similar results have been obtained in both fertile and infertile populations, the hypothesis that the fertilizing capacity of the spermatozoon is independent of class I HLA-antigen expression on their surface may be advanced.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos de Histocompatibilidad Clase I/biosíntesis , Infertilidad Masculina/inmunología , Espermatozoides/inmunología , Humanos , Masculino , Reacción en Cadena de la PolimerasaRESUMEN
Human leukocyte antigens (HLA) class II transcripts in mature spermatozoa of healthy volunteers have recently been demonstrated using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). HLA II expression was investigated on ejaculated sperm cells in fertile and infertile men by RT-PCR and flow cytometry. Among 22 fertile and 20 infertile men, 18 were selected for the study because they showed no contamination with non-sperm cells. HLA II mRNA transcripts were expressed in all but 1 of 8 infertile subjects and in only 2 of 10 fertile ones. The cytofluorometric analysis on three RT-PCR positive samples confirmed the presence of class II antigens on cell surfaces. These data clearly confirm the presence of both HLA II mRNA and surface molecules on human sperm cells. In addition, an interesting nonrandom distribution of positivity among fertile and infertile samples regarding HLA II expression (p < .025) suggests a possible correlation with infertility.
Asunto(s)
Fertilidad/inmunología , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidad Clase II/genética , Infertilidad Masculina/inmunología , Espermatozoides/inmunología , Transcripción Genética , Adulto , Antígenos CD/análisis , Fertilidad/fisiología , Citometría de Flujo , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidad Clase II/análisis , Humanos , Infertilidad Masculina/genética , Infertilidad Masculina/fisiopatología , Masculino , ARN Mensajero/análisis , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Recuento de Espermatozoides , Motilidad EspermáticaRESUMEN
The myotonic dystrophy (DM) CTG repeat polymorphism has been studied in an Italian population sample. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, manual polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), and silver staining were employed. Alleles were typed by comparison with a sequenced allelic ladder. A total of 25 different alleles, spanning the range from 5 to 31 CTG triplets, was observed. The heterozygosity was 79%, and no significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was found. Eighty-one meioses from parentage testing were also analyzed, and a Mendelian pattern of inheritance was observed in all cases. In addition, we could successfully type the DM locus in 20 laboratory-prepared bloodstains, with 1 ng of DNA allowing clear definition of alleles. We conclude that the CTG repeats at the DM locus may be useful for forensic applications.