Accessible attitudes influence categorization of multiply categorizable objects.

Every person or object can be categorized in multiple ways. For example, a person can be categorized (and hence stereotyped) by gender, age, race, or occupation. Earlier research demonstrated that objects toward which people have highly accessible attitudes attract attention when they are present in the visual field. On the basis of that work, the authors hypothesized that categories toward which people have highly accessible attitudes are preferentially applied to multiply categorizable objects. Three experiments, with cued recall and categorization response time as dependent variables, support the hypothesis. Categories toward which people's attitudes had been rendered accessible by an earlier task were more readily produced in response to multiply categorizable objects serving as a cue, or could more quickly be verified as fitting the object. These results demonstrate the power and functional value of accessible attitudes in shaping basic categorization and judgmental processes.

[On-line evaluation of the cardiotocogram using computer technology]. / Hodnocení kardiotokogramu on-line pomocí výpocetní techniky.

For an analysis of the cardiotocogram obtained by the fetal monitor HP 8040A the authors used original hardware and software means, i.e. PC XT IBM compatible in connection with an intelligent analog input periphery, which preprocesses the basic information, and with a programme using a scheme originating from the Maeda's evaluation of CTG modified by Srp. After having obtained 25 tracings (more than 8.5 hours), a detailed analysis of the computer interpretation of each course was performed, i.e. of the description of individual pathogenomic phenomena of the type of baseline heart rate, amplitude of variability, accelerations and decelerations including time parameters and mutual correlations. The results of the statistic evaluation are discussed, above all those concerning the decelerations, where the interpretation is so far burdened by a higher false negativity. Proposals for further elaboration of the programme means are presented including the optimalisation of the scheme used in evaluation, the running graphic presentation of the results and further graphic outputs for documentation purposes.