A comparative analysis of virucidal efficiency of biocide agents.

The main groups of biocide agents used for inactivation of bacteria and viruses were studied for their virucidal activity against enveloped (HIV, viral hepatitis C, influenza virus A) and non-enveloped viruses (poliovirus, adenovirus). Their efficiency was analyzed. Quarterly ammonium compounds (QAC) themselves are not able to properly inactivate non-enveloped viruses. However, they can be successfully applied in combination with other biocides (guanidines, aldehydes). Effective composition of QAC with amines and guanidines provided inactivation of viruses (4.0 lgTCID50) in concentrations of 0.166-0.280% for non-enveloped viruses and 0.080-00.185% for enveloped viruses. The combination of QAC with aldehydes is especially effective (0.04-0.64% for non-enveloped viruses). The virucidal efficiency does not directly depend on the QAC concentration in the chemical disinfectants.

[Role pf genetic and other biomarkers in the prognostication of postoperative course in patients with lung cancer]. / Rol' geneticheskikh i drugikh biomarkerov v prognozirovanii techeniia posleoperatsionnogo perioda u bol'nykh rakom legkogo.

Relationships between genetic polymorphisms (ABO, RH, HP, TF, GC, Pi, ACP1, PGM1, GLO1, PTC) and some clinical, biochemical, and functional parameters were studied in patients with epidermoid carcinoma of the lung who were divided into 2 groups: those with uncomplicated and complicated postoperative courses of the disease. They were found to be different in the two groups. The values of ESR, albumin, lymphocytes, vital capacity, and RQ are the most distinctive signs that differentiate the patient groups. A high correlation was found between the signs in patients with an uncomplicated postoperative course. A less correlation between the signs, as a higher intergroup variability in the majority of the signs under study suggests that there is a significantly impaired physiological homeostasis in the group of patients with a complicated course. Comparing the mean values and dispersions shows their equal direction in the two groups of patients irrespective of their genetic polymorphism. The GC system is associated with profound changes of the studied signs in the group of patients with an uncomplicated course and GC*1F carriage should be regarded as a poor factor in the prognosis of the disease.

[Characteristics of interrelations of external respiration, gas exchange and hemodynamics in patients with bronchopulmonary diseases]. / Kharakteristika vzaimoisviazei vneshnego dykhaniia, gazoobmena i gemodinamiki u bol'nykh s bronkholegochnymi zabolevaniiami.

In 60 patients with stage II-III bronchogenic carcinoma of the lung the following procedures were included in the complex of preoperative functional examination: spiro-body-plethysmography, catheterization of the right heart, and simultaneous examination of gas exchange using a DELTATRAC MBM-100 metabolic monitor. To evaluate the lung diffusion capacity and the dimensions of the arteriovenous shunt, oxygen mixtures differing in O2 concentration were used. The results were interpreted within the framework of a homogeneous model of lung gas exchange realized on a PC/AT personal computer. The interrelationship of ventilation disorders with hemodynamic and lung gas--exchange function was studied. Arterial hypoxemia was mainly observed in obstructive and mixed disorders of ventilation function and was more marked in the latter. Primary disturbance of the lung diffusion capacity was found to be the leading link in the development of acute respiratory insufficiency after the operation.

[Effects of opioid analgesics on pulmonary ventilation and metabolism in patients with acute postoperative pain]. / Vliianie opioidnykh analgetikov na legochnuiu ventiliatsiiu i metabolizm u bol'nykh s ostroi posleoperatsionnoi bol'iu.

Opioid analgesics buprenorphine, nubain, and morphine were used in 33 patients suffering from acute postoperative pain on days 1-3 after operations on the lungs, heart and main vessels, abdominal organs. Buprenorphine was used in dose 0.01 mg/kg, nubain in dose 0.3 mg/kg, and morphine in dose 0.3 mg/kg. Effects of opioid analgesics on O2 consumption, carbon dioxide exhalation, minute respiration volume, and total energy metabolism were monitored. Effects of buprenorphine on metabolism and ventilation were the most manifest: it lead to reduction of metabolism by 26.2% and minute respiration volume by 36%. Nubain had no noticeable effect on metabolism or ventilation parameters. Morphine lead to moderately expressed changes in metabolism and ventilation reducing metabolism by 12.5% and minute respiration volume by 10.3%.

[The evaluation of the efficacy and safety of using nalbuphine hydrochloride (Nubain) in patients in the early postoperative period]. / Otsenka éffektivnosti i bezopasnosti primeneniia nalbufina gidrokhlorida (nubaina) u bol'nykh v rannem posleoperatsionnom periode.

Nubaine (N) was used in 92 patients operated on the lungs, heart and major vessels, abdominal organs. N at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg caused adequate analgesia in 62-85% of cases on days 1-3 after surgery; it is an effective analgesic among those used in patients with acute postoperative pain. The effect of N on circulation, respiration, gas exchange, metabolism, and hormonal status was studied. It has been shown that N is a safe agent which has no considerable effect on respiration, hemodynamics, blood gas composition, and metabolism. In patients at high risk analgesia with N caused no serious side effects.

[Complex evaluation of external respiratory function in patients with cancer of the lung]. / Kompleksnaia otsenka funktsii vneshnego dykhaniia u bol'nykh rakom legkogo.

Principles of complex appraisal of the function of external respiration were worked out on the basis of analysis of the mechanics of respiration with the use of body plethysmography and invasive examination of pulmonary circulatory dynamics and gas transport. The suggested method allows practicable appraisal of the mechanisms of oxygen transport disorders and identification of the leading link in the development of alveolo-respiratory failure.

[Choice of the surgical intervention method in peptic ulcer combined with diverticula of the stomach and duodenum]. / Vybor metoda operativnogo vmeshatel'stva pri sochetannii iazvennoi bolezni s divertikulami zheludka i dvenadtsatiperstnoi kishki.

Diverticula of the stomach and duodenum were revealed in 21 (2.3%) of the examined patients with ulcer disease. Resection with radical interventions on the diverticulum were fulfilled in 8 patients, with by-passed duodenum in 7 patients, with selective proximal vagotomy associated with invagination of the diverticulum in 6 patients, among them 1 patient with a subpyloric Y-shaped bypass of the duodenum. There were no lethal outcomes.